两种湍流模型在潮流能水轮机数值模拟中的适用性研究
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摘要
在对特定湍流条件下的水平轴潮流能水轮机进行数值模拟时,不同的湍流模型对于计算结果具有一定的影响。为选择合适的湍流模型对所设计水轮机的三维流场进行描述,将采用常用的两方程模型(SSTk-ω与Realizable k-ε)进行数值模拟,得到不同工况下水轮机的性能参数以及水轮机后1.5D处流场的流速、湍流强度分布情况,并进行模型水槽试验,试验值与采用两种湍流模型进行数值模拟得到的仿真值对比表明:在低尖速比工况下,采用SSTk-ω进行数值模拟得到的仿真值比Realizable k-ε更接近试验值,在较高尖速比时,采用Realizable k-ε进行模拟得到的数值更接近试验值;采用两种湍流模型进行数值模拟得到的速度分布具有相似性,但对于湍流强度的预测,SSTk-ω更具有优势。考虑此水轮机的实际工况,选择SSTk-ω湍流模型进行描述更加合理。
During the simulation towards horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine under the specific turbulent conditions,different turbulence models for calculation result has a certain impact.To choose suitable turbulence model for the description of the designed turbine'three-dimensional flow field,SST k-and Realizable k-εwere adopted to perform simulation,gaining the performance parameter of the turbine,flow velocity at the position of 1.5D after the turbine and turbulence intensity distribution.A model turbine was tested in flume.Comparison between the testing results and the simulation results with the two different turbulence models revealed that the simulation with SST k-turbulence model is more accurate than that with Realizable k-εturbulence model at the low tip speed ratio,the simulation with Realizable k-εturbulence model is more accurate than that with SST k-turbulence model at the high tip speed ratio.The velocity distribution gained by numerical simulation with different turbulence models is similar,but for the prediction of turbulence intensity,SST k-has more advantages.Considering the practical operating conditions of the turbine,SST k-turbulence model is more rational.
During the simulation towards horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine under the specific turbulent conditions,different turbulence models for calculation result has a certain impact.To choose suitable turbulence model for the description of the designed turbine'three-dimensional flow field,SST k-and Realizable k-εwere adopted to perform simulation,gaining the performance parameter of the turbine,flow velocity at the position of 1.5D after the turbine and turbulence intensity distribution.A model turbine was tested in flume.Comparison between the testing results and the simulation results with the two different turbulence models revealed that the simulation with SST k-turbulence model is more accurate than that with Realizable k-εturbulence model at the low tip speed ratio,the simulation with Realizable k-εturbulence model is more accurate than that with SST k-turbulence model at the high tip speed ratio.The velocity distribution gained by numerical simulation with different turbulence models is similar,but for the prediction of turbulence intensity,SST k-has more advantages.Considering the practical operating conditions of the turbine,SST k-turbulence model is more rational.
引文
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[2] Nak Joong Lee,In Chul Kim,Chang Goo Kim,et al.Performance study on a counter-rotating tidal current turbine by CFD and model experimentation[J].Renewable Energy,2014,79:122-126.
[3]陈存福.潮流能水平轴水轮机叶片优化及水动力性能研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.CHEN Cun-fu.Study on Blade Optimization and Hydrodynamic Performance of Horizontal Axis Marine Current Turbine[D].QingDao:Ocean University of China,2012.
[4] Nilay Sezer-Uzol,Long Lyle N.3-D time-accurate CFD simulations of wind turbine rotor flow field[C].//44th AIAA Areospace Science Meeting and Exihibit.Reno,Nevada:NASA Langley Research Center,2006.
[5]Michael Shives,Curran Crawford.Adapted two-equation turbulence closures for actuator disk RANS simulations of wind&tidal turbine wakes[J].Renewable Energy,2016,92:273-292.
[6] Martin Miltner,Christian Jordan,Michael Harasek.CFD simulation of straight and slightly swirling turbulent free jets using different RANS-turbulence models[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2015,89:1117-1126.
[7]黄胜,王超,王诗洋.不同湍流模型在螺旋桨水动力性能计算中的应用与比较[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2009,30(5):481-484.HUANG Sheng,WANG Chao.Application and comparison of different turbine turbulence models in the computation of a propeller’s hydrodynamic performance[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2009,30(5):481-484.
[8]关鹏,丁汪,翁培.不同湍流模型对水平轴风力机三维粘性气流特性的影响[J].太阳能学报,2010,31(1):86-90.GUAN Peng,DING Wang,WENG Pei.Separated flows around HAWT blade with different turbulent models[J].Acta Energlae Solaris Sinica,2010,31(1):86-90.
[9]丁欣硕.FLUENT14.5流体仿真计算从入门到精通[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014:116-117.DING Xin-shuo.FLUENT14.5Simulation from Entry to the Master[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2014:116-117.
[10]王福军.计算流体力学分析-CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:125-126.WANG Fu-jun.Computational Fluid Dynamics-CFD Software theory and Application[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2004:125-126.
[11] Menter F R.Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications[J].AIAA J,1994,32:1598-1605.
[12] Omer Musa,Zhou Changsheng,Chen Xiong.Prediction of swirling cold flow in a solid-fuel ramjet engine with a modified rotation/curvature correction SST turbulence model[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,105:737-754.
[13] Chul-Hee Jo,Jun-Ho Lee,Yu-Ho Rho,et al.Performance analysis of a HAT tidal current turbine and wake flow characteristics[J].Renewable Energy,2012,65:175-182.