公路泥质砂岩边坡预警判据与参数敏感性分析
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摘要
针对高速公路边坡,以Ⅴ级强风化泥质粉砂岩边坡为研究对象,采用有限元强度折减法,分析边坡的变形与应力应变特点,确定地表测点处的位移临界阈值与变形演化规律,为灾害前兆的识别提供依据。建立变形与安全系数的相关关系,结合现场安全监测与边坡表征现象进行判别,共同建立相应预警判据的综合安全监控体系。同时,考虑因素的主效应与相互间的交互作用,采用均匀设计试验分析了影响边坡稳定性的敏感性因子黏聚力c、内摩擦角φ、重度γ、坡度α与稳定性的变化关系,强度参数与滑动面的变化规律,以及开挖方式与级别的影响,揭示了各参数的内在联系及其对边坡稳定性贡献率的分异特征。结果表明:非线性回归分析能较好地拟合出稳定性系数F与参数间的二次多项式函数关系,影响因素中材料因素大于几何因素,人工开挖方式与开挖级别的影响较小,滑动面随c和φ的变化规律相反,边坡失稳前存在位移的3阶段演化进程。
To provide basis for the identification of disaster premonition, the deformation and stress-strain behaviors of highway slope is analyzed to determine the critical displacement thresholds and deformation evolution regularity at measuring points at ground surface. A strongly-weathered argillaceous siltstone slope of highway is taken as research object. A comprehensive safety monitoring system of corresponding early warning criterion is established based on the relation between deformation and safety degree together with in-situ safety monitoring and slope appearance. Moreover, to reveal the intrinsic relation among parameters and their contributions to the stability of slope, the relationships of cohesion, internal friction angle, unit weight, slope gradient against stability are analyzed through uniform design test in consideration of the main effects of factors and the interaction among factors; the changing of strength parameters and slip surface are examined, and the influences of excavation pattern and excavation level are analyzed as well. Results demonstrate that the quadratic polynomial function between stability coefficient F and parameters can be fairly well fitted through nonlinear regression analysis. The influence of materials is greater than that of geometric factors, while the excavation pattern and level is of small effect. Slip surface changes in a negative relation with the changes of cohesion and internal friction angle. The slope experienced three stages of displacement before instability.
To provide basis for the identification of disaster premonition, the deformation and stress-strain behaviors of highway slope is analyzed to determine the critical displacement thresholds and deformation evolution regularity at measuring points at ground surface. A strongly-weathered argillaceous siltstone slope of highway is taken as research object. A comprehensive safety monitoring system of corresponding early warning criterion is established based on the relation between deformation and safety degree together with in-situ safety monitoring and slope appearance. Moreover, to reveal the intrinsic relation among parameters and their contributions to the stability of slope, the relationships of cohesion, internal friction angle, unit weight, slope gradient against stability are analyzed through uniform design test in consideration of the main effects of factors and the interaction among factors; the changing of strength parameters and slip surface are examined, and the influences of excavation pattern and excavation level are analyzed as well. Results demonstrate that the quadratic polynomial function between stability coefficient F and parameters can be fairly well fitted through nonlinear regression analysis. The influence of materials is greater than that of geometric factors, while the excavation pattern and level is of small effect. Slip surface changes in a negative relation with the changes of cohesion and internal friction angle. The slope experienced three stages of displacement before instability.
引文
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[19] 金海元,徐卫亚,孟永东,等.锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡稳定综合预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10): 2058-2063.
[20] 何建平.强度折减法分析滑坡稳定的误差和敏感性研究[J].路基工程, 2010,(1):64-66.
[2] 周小文,包伟力,吴昌瑜,等.现代化堤防安全监测与预警系统模式研究[J].水利学报,2002,(6):113-117.
[3] 吴树仁,金逸民,石菊松,等.滑坡预警判据初步研究——以三峡库区为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2004,34(4):596-600.
[4] PETLEY D N,MANTOVANI F,BULMER M H,et al. The Use of Surface Monitoring Data for the Interpretation of Landslide Movement Patterns[J]. Geomorphology,2005, 66(1/4):133-147.
[5] 张旭,谭卓英,周春梅.库水位变化下滑坡渗流机制与稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(4): 713-723.
[6] 连继峰,罗强,蒋良潍,等.雨水软化下路基土质边坡失稳模式及判别阈值[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016, 35(8):1638-1647.
[7] 王超,张社荣,张峰华,等.基于实时更新数值模型的高陡边坡动态仿真分析方法及应用[J].岩土 力学, 2016,37(8):2383-2390.
[8] 李聪,朱杰兵,汪斌,等.滑坡不同变形阶段演化规律与变形速率预警判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(7): 1407-1414.
[9] 谭卓英,蔡美峰.变坡角浅层粘土斜坡稳定敏感性分析[J]. 北京科技大学学报,2005,27(3):272-277.
[10] 王旭春,管晓明,王晓磊,等.露天矿边坡稳定性与岩体参数敏感性研究[J]. 煤炭学报,2011,36(11):1806-1811.
[11] 胡斌,蒋海飞,胡新丽,等.紫红色泥岩剪切流变力学特性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增1):2796-2802.
[12] 陈鹏,徐博侯.基于因素敏感性的边坡稳定可靠度分析[J]. 中国公路学报,2012,25(4):42-48.
[13] 文畅平.多级锚固高边坡临界高度影响因素敏感性分析[J].中国公路学报,2014,27(2):35-44.
[14] 范新宇,罗学东,李津玮,等.寒区矿山高陡边坡稳定性影响因素的敏感性分析[J].长江科学院院报,2015,32(9): 58-62.
[15] 陈高峰,程圣国,卢应发,等.基于均匀设计的边坡稳定性敏感性分析[J].水利学报,2007,37(11):1397-1401.
[16] 赵永虎,刘高,毛举,等.基于灰色关联度的黄土边坡稳定性因素敏感性分析[J].长江科学院院报,2015,32(7): 94-98.
[17] 苏永华,罗正东,李翔.基于均匀试验的半填半挖路基边坡稳定性灰色关联分析法[J].岩土力学,2012,33(8): 2259-2264.
[18] 赵尚毅,郑颖人,张玉芳.极限分析有限元法讲座——Ⅱ有限元强度折减法中边坡失稳的判据探讨[J].岩土力学, 2005,26(2):332-336.
[19] 金海元,徐卫亚,孟永东,等.锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡稳定综合预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10): 2058-2063.
[20] 何建平.强度折减法分析滑坡稳定的误差和敏感性研究[J].路基工程, 2010,(1):64-66.