50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂喷洒法杀灭钉螺效果观察
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摘要
目的观察50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂喷洒法在湖沼型外洲的现场灭螺效果。方法在湖南省安乡县安丰乡黄家台外洲芦苇区分别设立实验组、对照组和空白组,实验组为50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂,按2 g/m2和1 g/m2施药量分为2组;对照组为50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂,试验剂量为2 g/m2,空白组不进行现场灭螺处理,仅作钉螺自然死亡率观察。结果灭螺后3、7、15 d观察50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂2 g/m2组与1 g/m2组,钉螺校正死亡率均高于50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂2 g/m2组,且差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=19.35,25.59、27.77,均P<0.01)。15 d后活螺密度50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂2 g/m2组下降93.60%,1 g/m2组下降86.86%,50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂2 g/m2组下降82.99%。2 g/m2杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂活螺密度下降率高2 g/m2可湿粉剂10.61%。100 m2灭螺费用:每1%钉螺死亡率和活螺平均密度每下降1%所需费用均以50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂2 g/m2组为低。结论悬浮剂灭螺效果优于可湿性粉剂,50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂是一种高效、溶解度高、灭螺成本低的杀螺新型剂,可推广使用。
Objective To observe the field molluscicidal effect of 50% suspension of niclosamile ethanolamine salt( 50% SNES) by spraying method in the marshland of lake regions. Methods Two experimental groups,one control group and one blank group were respectively set up in the reed areas of Huangjiatai marshland located at Anfeng Town in Anxiang County,Hunan Province. 50%S-NES was sprayed at the doses of 2 g/m2 and 1 g/m2 separately in the two experimental groups. 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt( 50%WP-NES) was sprayed at the dose of 2 g/m2 in the control group. The blank group did not adopt any molluscicidial countermeasures,and the nature mortality rate of Oncomelania snails was observed. Results Three,seven and fifteen days after spraying molluscicides,the corrected mortality rates of Oncomelania snails in the two experimental groups were both higher than that in the control group,showing statistically significant differences( χ~2= 19.35,χ~2= 25.59,χ~2 = 27.77,all P<0.01). Fifteen days after spraying molluscicides,the density of living snails in the two experimental groups of2 g/m2 and 1 g/m250%S-NES and in the control group decreased by 93.60%,86.86% and 82.99% respectively. The decline rate of density of living snails in the experimental group of 2 g/m250%S-NES was 10.61% more than that in the control group. The cost of spraying molluscicides,estimated by the costs of per 1% snail mortality rate and 1% decrease in the average density of living snails per 100 m2,was the lowest in the experimental group of 2 g/m250% S-NES. Conclusions The molluscicidal effect of50%S-NES is superior to that of 50%WP-NES. 50%S-NES is a new type of molluscicide with high efficacy,high solubility and low cost,and it is worthy of being used widely.
Objective To observe the field molluscicidal effect of 50% suspension of niclosamile ethanolamine salt( 50% SNES) by spraying method in the marshland of lake regions. Methods Two experimental groups,one control group and one blank group were respectively set up in the reed areas of Huangjiatai marshland located at Anfeng Town in Anxiang County,Hunan Province. 50%S-NES was sprayed at the doses of 2 g/m2 and 1 g/m2 separately in the two experimental groups. 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt( 50%WP-NES) was sprayed at the dose of 2 g/m2 in the control group. The blank group did not adopt any molluscicidial countermeasures,and the nature mortality rate of Oncomelania snails was observed. Results Three,seven and fifteen days after spraying molluscicides,the corrected mortality rates of Oncomelania snails in the two experimental groups were both higher than that in the control group,showing statistically significant differences( χ~2= 19.35,χ~2= 25.59,χ~2 = 27.77,all P<0.01). Fifteen days after spraying molluscicides,the density of living snails in the two experimental groups of2 g/m2 and 1 g/m250%S-NES and in the control group decreased by 93.60%,86.86% and 82.99% respectively. The decline rate of density of living snails in the experimental group of 2 g/m250%S-NES was 10.61% more than that in the control group. The cost of spraying molluscicides,estimated by the costs of per 1% snail mortality rate and 1% decrease in the average density of living snails per 100 m2,was the lowest in the experimental group of 2 g/m250% S-NES. Conclusions The molluscicidal effect of50%S-NES is superior to that of 50%WP-NES. 50%S-NES is a new type of molluscicide with high efficacy,high solubility and low cost,and it is worthy of being used widely.
引文
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[14]陈昌.我国的杀螺剂及其应用[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(5):321-322.
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[16]谭先玉,何亮才,王加松,等.湖沼地区不同剂型灭螺药现场灭螺效果观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2016,28(3):313-318.
[17]神学慧,张联恒,纪长生,等.氯硝柳胺悬浮剂现场喷洒灭螺效果观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(1):3-6.
[18]戴建荣,梁仂生,徐年风,等.氯硝柳胺悬浮剂杀螺效果研究[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(3):173-176.
[19]元艺,蔡顺祥,贺正文.50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂灭螺效果评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2017,29(4):416-419.
[2]李胜明,罗志红,赵正元,等.湖南省2000-2012年血吸虫病主要疫情指标的综合分析[J].实用预防医学,2013,20(12):1416-1418.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部疾病控制司.血吸虫病防治手册[M].第3版.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2002:206.
[4]周晓农.实用钉螺学[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:300-306.
[5]中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 1617-2008农药登记用杀灭钉螺剂药效试验方法和评价[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:1-20.
[6]中华人民共和国卫生部疾病预防控制局.血吸虫病预防控制工作规范[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006:1-20.
[7]周艺彪,依火伍力,刘刚明,等.氯硝柳胺堆敷灭螺法用药剂量的探讨[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2010,22(4):374-376.
[8]戴建荣,朱荫昌,黄铭西.灭螺药物的研究进展[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2000,12(3):189-192.
[9]戴建荣,梁幼生,徐年风,等.氯硝柳胺悬浮剂杀螺效果研究[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(3):173-176.
[10]鲍子平,曹淳力,戴建荣,等.26%四聚·杀螺胺悬浮剂杀螺效果评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011,23(1):48-53.
[11]操治国,汪天平.我国药物灭螺研究进展[J].国际医学寄生虫病杂志,2008,35(5):276-280.
[12]张楚霜,李广平,阳桂芬,等,氯硝柳胺悬浮剂杀螺效果评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(4):291-293.
[13]戴建荣,徐年凤,梁幼生,等.氯硝柳胺悬浮剂的研制及其杀螺效果评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(1):3-6.
[14]陈昌.我国的杀螺剂及其应用[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(5):321-322.
[15]刑云天,戴建荣.杀螺药物氯硝柳胺研究进展[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2010,22(5):504-508.
[16]谭先玉,何亮才,王加松,等.湖沼地区不同剂型灭螺药现场灭螺效果观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2016,28(3):313-318.
[17]神学慧,张联恒,纪长生,等.氯硝柳胺悬浮剂现场喷洒灭螺效果观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(1):3-6.
[18]戴建荣,梁仂生,徐年风,等.氯硝柳胺悬浮剂杀螺效果研究[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(3):173-176.
[19]元艺,蔡顺祥,贺正文.50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂灭螺效果评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2017,29(4):416-419.