云南九大高原湖泊流域现行管理体制及其完善建议
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摘要
云南省湖泊面积达到30 km2以上有9个,分别为滇池、阳宗海、抚仙湖、星云湖、杞麓湖、洱海、泸沽湖、程海和异龙湖,具有独特的自然地理条件和生态服务功能,在全省经济发展和生态文明建设中占有举足轻重的地位。近年来对9大高原湖泊的治理已取得一定成效,但水质日趋恶化仍是当前面临的突出问题,主要原因是现行的湖泊流域管理体制机制不够完善,未能适应流域经济的快速发展以及流域保护治理的需求。分析和总结了云南9个高原湖泊流域管理体制的现状及存在的问题,在国内外湖泊流域管理案例和成功经验的基础上,根据9大高原湖泊流域自身特点,提出了完善管理体制的建议。
Although management of nine plateau lakes in Yunnan province has recently acquired certain achievements,water quality continues to decline and has become a key problem for environmental protection in Yunnan Province. The primary reason is that the management system is not complete and unable to adapt to rapid economic development in the basin and meet requirements for watershed protection. In this paper,nine plateau lakes in Yunnan province were chosen as the study area and analysis was focused on the current watershed management system and existing problems. Based on the case studies of watershed management and successful experiences at home and abroad,and characteristics of the nine study lakes and problems identified,combined with practices found to be effective in other lake basins,recommendations were made to improve the nine plateau lakes management system.The results provided a reference for plateau lake watershed management system research and a theoretical basis for completing the lake watershed management system.
Although management of nine plateau lakes in Yunnan province has recently acquired certain achievements,water quality continues to decline and has become a key problem for environmental protection in Yunnan Province. The primary reason is that the management system is not complete and unable to adapt to rapid economic development in the basin and meet requirements for watershed protection. In this paper,nine plateau lakes in Yunnan province were chosen as the study area and analysis was focused on the current watershed management system and existing problems. Based on the case studies of watershed management and successful experiences at home and abroad,and characteristics of the nine study lakes and problems identified,combined with practices found to be effective in other lake basins,recommendations were made to improve the nine plateau lakes management system.The results provided a reference for plateau lake watershed management system research and a theoretical basis for completing the lake watershed management system.
引文
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古正刚,2014.云南省典型高原湖泊表层沉积物中几种重金属污染特性研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学.
贾更华,2012.太湖流域管理体制机制评析[J].中国水利,(10):49-51.
李友苹,刘柯三,2009.国外河流管理发展历程初探[J].科技信息,(13):356-359.
施国庆,王华,胡庆和,等,2007.流域水资源一体化管理及其理论框架[J].水资源保护,23(4):44-51.
王礼先,2003.流域管理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社.
王波,黄薇,2010.国内外流域管理体制要点及对长江生态管理启示[J].人民长江,41(27):13-16.
王莹,2012.滇池内源污染治理技术对比分析研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学.
吴志平,2004.太湖流域水资源管理体制的实践与思考[C].太湖高级论坛交流文集.
薛刚凌,邓勇,2012.流域管理大部制改革探索---以辽河管理体制改革为例[J].中国行政管理,(3):7-12.
张兴奇,秋吉康弘,黄贤金,2006.日本琵琶湖的保护管理模式及对江苏省湖泊保护管理的启示[J].资源科学,28(6):39-45.
张丽,2011.太湖水资源流域管理体制研究[D].无锡:江南大学.
赵艳,2011.太湖流域水环境保护长效管理机制研究[D].南京:南京大学.
中华人民共和国国务院,2015.水污染防治行动计划:国发[2015]17号[A].
中村正久,2003.湖沼流域的综合管理与琵琶湖研究[N].琵琶湖研究所记念,(22):209-219.
Dustin Garrick,Rosalind Bark,Jeff Connor,2012.Environmental water governance in federal rivers:opportunities and limits for subsidiarity in Australia's Murray-Darling River[J].Water Policy,14(6):915-936.