云南省三大高原湖泊流域土地利用景观格局及其稳定性分析
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摘要
【目的】为了解高原湖泊流域土地利用景观格局,为当地农业结构调整提供依据,更好解决高原湖泊污染。【方法】采用景观格局指数和分形理论分析方法对云南省三大高原湖泊流域的土地利用景观格局及稳定性进行分析。【结果】从流域土地利用景观格局分析,景观多样性和均匀程度表现为抚仙湖流域最高,洱海流域次之,滇池流域最低;景观破碎化程度表现为滇池流域最高、抚仙湖流域为中间水平,洱海流域最低。从耕地、园地、林地和草地的稳定性看,洱海流域最好,滇池流域最差或较差;从建设用地和未利用地稳定性看,抚仙湖流域最好,洱海流域和滇池流域较差;流域内稳定性最好的景观类型是水域,最差的是林地;景观整体稳定性表现为洱海流域最好,滇池和抚仙湖流域较差。【结论】通过研究,摸清了三大高原湖泊流域土地利用景观空间结构特征,为研究区域农业结构调整及农业面源污染治理提供科学依据。
【Objective】The present paper was conducted to know the landscape pattern of land use in plateau lake basin,to provide scientific basis for the optimization of agricultural structure,better to solve the lake pollution.【Method】The landscape pattern and stability of land use in three major lake basin were analyzed by using landscape pattern index and fractal theory analysis method. 【Result】The results indicated that from the analysis of landscape pattern of land use,the highest degree of landscape diversity and the degree of uniformity was Fuxian Lake Basin,followed by Erhai Lake Basin,and the lowest was Dianchi Lake Basin,the highest degree of landscape fragmentation was Dianchi Lake Basin,the middle level was Fuxian Lake basin,and the lowest was Erhai Lake Basin. From the stability of cultivated land,garden,woodland and grassland,Erhai Lake Basin was the best,Dianchi Lake Basin is the worst or poorer. From the stability of the construction land and unused land,Fuxian Lake Basin was the best,Erhai Lake Basin and Dianchi Lake Basin was poorer; The most stable landscape type in the basin were the waters,the worst was the woodland,the overall stability of the landscape in the Erhai River Basin was the best,Dianchi Lake and Fuxian Lake basin were poorer.【Conclusion】Through the research results,we could find out the spatial structure characteristics of land use landscape in the three plateau lake basins,and provide scientific basis for agricultural structure adjustment and agricultural non-point source pollution control in the study area.
【Objective】The present paper was conducted to know the landscape pattern of land use in plateau lake basin,to provide scientific basis for the optimization of agricultural structure,better to solve the lake pollution.【Method】The landscape pattern and stability of land use in three major lake basin were analyzed by using landscape pattern index and fractal theory analysis method. 【Result】The results indicated that from the analysis of landscape pattern of land use,the highest degree of landscape diversity and the degree of uniformity was Fuxian Lake Basin,followed by Erhai Lake Basin,and the lowest was Dianchi Lake Basin,the highest degree of landscape fragmentation was Dianchi Lake Basin,the middle level was Fuxian Lake basin,and the lowest was Erhai Lake Basin. From the stability of cultivated land,garden,woodland and grassland,Erhai Lake Basin was the best,Dianchi Lake Basin is the worst or poorer. From the stability of the construction land and unused land,Fuxian Lake Basin was the best,Erhai Lake Basin and Dianchi Lake Basin was poorer; The most stable landscape type in the basin were the waters,the worst was the woodland,the overall stability of the landscape in the Erhai River Basin was the best,Dianchi Lake and Fuxian Lake basin were poorer.【Conclusion】Through the research results,we could find out the spatial structure characteristics of land use landscape in the three plateau lake basins,and provide scientific basis for agricultural structure adjustment and agricultural non-point source pollution control in the study area.
引文
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[18]陈莹,尹义星,陈爽.典型流域土地利用/覆被变化预测及景观生态效应分析——以太湖上游西苕溪流域为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2009(8):765-770.
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[20]张珂,赵耀龙,付迎春,等.滇池流域1974年至2008年土地利用的分形动态[J].资源科学,2013,35(1):232-239.
[21]李锦胜.洱海流域土地利用格局研究[J].环境科学导刊,2011,30(4):34-39.
[22]康健红.浅谈抚仙湖流域水资源开发利用现状及保护措施[J].人民珠江,2011,23(1):75-77.
[23]曾维军,侯明明,徐恒,等.三湖流域土地利用类型稳定性指数空间变异分析[J].昆明理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,37(4):6-14.
[2]王慧敏,危小建,刘耀林.武汉城市圈公路沿线土地利用变化规律分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,10:1585-1593.
[3]张勇荣,周忠发,马士彬.工业-资源型城市土地利用变化机制分析——以贵州省六盘水市中心城区为例[J].湖北农业科学,2012,51(12):2461-2465.
[4]傅强.基于GIS和Logistic回归的环首都经济圈土地利用变化机制研究[J].国土与自然资源研究,2012,1:34-36.
[5]柴雪柯,蒋观滔,高鹏,等.渭河流域土地利用变化特征及驱动力分析[J].人民黄河,2016,38(8):77-81+85.
[6]李鹏,于书霞.基于典型对应分析的滇池流域土地利用驱动力分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014(S1):123-126.
[7]袁磊,杨昆.土地利用变化驱动力多尺度因素的定量影响分析[J].中国土地科学,2016(12):63-70.
[8]潘洪义,朱晚秋,崔绿叶,等.耕地自然质量与景观指数耦合研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(8):1854-1859.
[9]于佳,张磊.土地利用景观格局动态效应分析——以长春市为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016(12):98-103.
[10]刘耀彬,戴璐,董玥莹.环鄱阳湖区分区土地利用景观格局变化模拟研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015(10):1762-1770.
[11]李月臣,宫鹏,陈晋,等.中国北方13省土地利用景观格局变化分析(19891999)[J].水土保持学报,2005(5):145-148.
[12]张本昀,申怀飞,郑敬刚,等.河南省土地利用景观格局分析[J].资源科学,2009(2):317-323.
[13]戈嘉璐,谢清雅.大连市土地利用景观格局及其生态环境效应分析[J].国土与自然资源研究,2016(3):53-55.
[14]彭保发,陈端吕,李文军,等.土地利用景观格局的稳定性研究——以常德市为例[J].地理科学,2013(12):1484-1488.
[15]段峥,宋现锋,石敏俊.密云县土地利用景观格局时空变化及驱动力分析[J].水土保持研究,2009(5):55-59+281.
[16]王盼盼.东北区县域土地利用景观格局演变及驱动机制研究[D].济南:东北农业大学,2015.
[17]冯异星,罗格平,周德成,等.近50a土地利用变化对干旱区典型流域景观格局的影响——以新疆玛纳斯河流域为例[J].生态学报,2010(16):4295-4305.
[18]陈莹,尹义星,陈爽.典型流域土地利用/覆被变化预测及景观生态效应分析——以太湖上游西苕溪流域为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2009(8):765-770.
[19]万荣荣,杨桂山.太湖流域土地利用与景观格局演变研究[J].应用生态学报,2005(3):475-480.
[20]张珂,赵耀龙,付迎春,等.滇池流域1974年至2008年土地利用的分形动态[J].资源科学,2013,35(1):232-239.
[21]李锦胜.洱海流域土地利用格局研究[J].环境科学导刊,2011,30(4):34-39.
[22]康健红.浅谈抚仙湖流域水资源开发利用现状及保护措施[J].人民珠江,2011,23(1):75-77.
[23]曾维军,侯明明,徐恒,等.三湖流域土地利用类型稳定性指数空间变异分析[J].昆明理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,37(4):6-14.