珠江流域黄颡鱼群体的形态度量学与遗传多样性分析
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摘要
为了解珠江流域黄颡鱼不同群体的遗传分化,以黄颡鱼为材料,通过形态度量学和分子生物学的方法对其进行研究。形态度量学的主成分分析(PCA)的散点图显示都柳江群体与漓江群体聚集于一处,东江群体与都柳江、漓江群体分开,表明东江群体与其它两个群体形态上有分化,漓江群体与都柳江群体形态间分化较小。D-loop序列分析最终检测到176个变异位点,单倍型36个,3个群体的平均碱基组成差异很小,且A+T含量(59.6%)高于G+C含量(40.4%),3个群体平均Nm=3.234,表明群体间存在较大基因流,单倍型NJ树显示漓江群体与都柳江群体聚为一支,东江群体聚为一支。3个群体21个微卫星标记位点的分析结果显示:3个群体有15个位点属于高度多态位点(PIC>0.5),3个群体基于Nei's遗传距离构建的UAPGM聚类结果与mt DNA D-loop聚类结果一致,与地理分布呈一定相关性。综合形态度量学与分子生物学标记结果可以看出,黄颡鱼3个群体存在一定形态差异,3个黄颡鱼野生群体遗传多样性水平较高。
Genetic differences of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco populations from Zhujiang River were compared by morphological and molecular biological methods. The scatter diagram of principal component analysis revealed that the populations from Duliujiang River and Lijiang River pooled into one group,while those from Dongjiang River separated from Duliujiang River and Lijiang River. It indicated that Dongjiang River population had a certain morphological differentiations compared to other two populations,while there were few morphological differentiation between Duliujiang River and Lijiang River. The mt DNA D-loop sequence analysis of three populations showed that 176 variable sites and 36 haploid types were detected,there were similar base compositions among three populations,the content of A + T(59. 6%) was higher than the content of G + C(40. 4%),the average gene flow was 3. 234,there was a large gene exchange between three populations. The NJ tree of haploid type shows that the populations Lijiang River and Duliujiang River formed the first cluster which together with the populations from Dongjiang River formed the second cluster. The analyzed result of 21 microsatellite loci in three populations showed that15 loci were high polymorphic( PIC > 0. 5),the clustering result of three populations was in accordance with the result of mt DNA D-loop marker,all clustering results had a certain correlation with their geographical distribution. From the result of morphological and molecular analysis, a conclusion can be drawn that the morphology in three populations had certain difference,there was rich genetic diversity among populations.
Genetic differences of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco populations from Zhujiang River were compared by morphological and molecular biological methods. The scatter diagram of principal component analysis revealed that the populations from Duliujiang River and Lijiang River pooled into one group,while those from Dongjiang River separated from Duliujiang River and Lijiang River. It indicated that Dongjiang River population had a certain morphological differentiations compared to other two populations,while there were few morphological differentiation between Duliujiang River and Lijiang River. The mt DNA D-loop sequence analysis of three populations showed that 176 variable sites and 36 haploid types were detected,there were similar base compositions among three populations,the content of A + T(59. 6%) was higher than the content of G + C(40. 4%),the average gene flow was 3. 234,there was a large gene exchange between three populations. The NJ tree of haploid type shows that the populations Lijiang River and Duliujiang River formed the first cluster which together with the populations from Dongjiang River formed the second cluster. The analyzed result of 21 microsatellite loci in three populations showed that15 loci were high polymorphic( PIC > 0. 5),the clustering result of three populations was in accordance with the result of mt DNA D-loop marker,all clustering results had a certain correlation with their geographical distribution. From the result of morphological and molecular analysis, a conclusion can be drawn that the morphology in three populations had certain difference,there was rich genetic diversity among populations.
引文
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[2]刘朋朋,钟立强,潘建林,等.基于线粒体D-loop区分析黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)五个淡水湖泊群体的遗传多样性[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(3):728-733.
[3]李大宇,殷倩茜,侯宁,等.黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus eupogon)不同生态地理分布群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2009,40(4):460-469.
[4]郭金峰,王玉,马洪雨,等.三个黄颡鱼群体遗传多样性及亲缘关系的微卫星标记分析[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2006,28(3):5-8.
[5]XIAO Y F,ZHONG Q L,NAN XA,et al.Isolation and characterization of twelve novel microosatellites inyellow catfish,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco[J].Conservation Genetics,2009(10):755-757.
[6]赵良杰,何光喜,周小玉,等.千岛湖大眼华鳊形态度量学和D-loop序列分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(3):351-358.
[7]董世瑞.形态标记与微卫星标记在中国对虾遗传选育中的应用研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[8]韩真,肖永双,高天翔.中国近海9个小黄鱼群体的形态学比较研究[J].南方水产科学,2012,8(3):25-33.
[9]杨慧荣,赵会宏,刘丽,等.珠江和长江水系赤眼鳟Dloop基因序列遗传变异分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,51(5):100-106.
[10]LIU Z J,CORDES J F.DNA marker technologies and their applications in aquaculture genetics[J].Aquaculture,2004,238:1-37.
[11]王峰.江黄颡鱼、黄颡鱼、粗唇鮠及其杂交F1代形态差异分析[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(2):36-43.
[12]汪登强,方耀林,邹桂伟.长江中游4种黄颡鱼的遗传结构及差异[C].水产科技论坛,2005.
[13]刘臻,鲁双庆,张建社,等.黄颡鱼微卫星标记筛选及特征分析[J].农业生物科技学报,2008,16(4):604
[14]王婷婷,宋学宏,许爱国,等.应用微卫星标记分析4个黄颡鱼群体的遗传多样性[J].江苏农业科技,40(4):41-45.
[15]KUMAR S,TAMURA K,NEI M,et al.MEGA3:integrated software for molecular revolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment[J].Brief Bioinform,2004,5:150-163.
[16]LIBRADO P,ROZAS J.Dna SP v5:a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data[J].Bioinformatics,2009,25(11):1451-1452.
[17]NEIGEL J E.Is Fstobsolete?[J].Conservation Genetics,2002(3):167-173.
[18]SLATKIN M.Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations[J].Science,1987,236(5):787-792.
[19]RAYMOD M,ROUSSET F.GENEPOP(Version 1.2):Population genetic software for exact text and ecumenicism[J].Journal of Heredity,1995,86:248-249.
[20]TAJIMA F.Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA Polymorphism[J].Genetics,1989(123):585-595.
[21]吴勤超,梁宏伟,李忠,等.黄颡鱼微卫星标记的筛选及三个野生群体的遗传结构分析[J].生物技术通报,2010(3):154-163.
[22]梁宏伟,邹桂伟,罗相忠,等.3种中国鲤mt DNA DLoop序列的多态性与系统进化研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2009,37(3):55-65.
[23]彭珊,代应贵.濒危鱼类稀有白甲鱼清水江群体mt DNA D-loop序列多态性[J].水产学报,2009,33(2):196-200.
[24]WRIGHT.Evolution and the genetics of populations[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1978:1-30.
[25]马波,姜作发,霍堂斌.下游黑龙江茴鱼种群遗传变异及地理分化的微卫星分析[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(5):678-688.
[26]BOTSTEIN D,WHITE R L,SKOLNICK M,et al.Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms[J].American Journal of Human,1980,32(3):314-331.
[27]SCRIBNER K T,EVANS J E,MORREALE S J,et al.Genetic divergence among populations of the yellow-bellied slider turtle(Pseudemys scripta)separated by aquatic and terrestrial habits[J].Copeia,1986(3):691-700.