小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤有机碳及各组分特征
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摘要
【目的】了解中国小兴安岭阔叶红松不同演替系列土壤有机碳库和各组分的积累及分配特征,准确评价森林生态系统碳储量,为科学评价小兴安岭阔叶红松林土壤固碳功能和固碳潜力提供理论依据。【方法】以阔叶红松林不同演替系列(中生系列、旱生系列、湿生系列)的典型群落为研究对象,采用空间代替时间的方法,研究阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤总有机碳、易氧化有机碳、惰性有机碳、矿化碳、可溶性有机碳含量,探讨有机碳各组分对总有机碳的贡献率,分析调控土壤有机碳及各组分的影响因子。【结果】小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤总有机碳含量表现为湿生>旱生>中生;阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤总有机碳表现为随土壤剖面的加深而减少的趋势,即40~60 cm土层>20~40 cm土层>10~20 cm土层>0~10 cm土层;中生、湿生和旱生演替系列土壤惰性碳占总有机碳比例分别为34.42%,13.27%和12.17%,可中生、湿生和旱生演替系列溶性有机碳占总有机碳比例分别为0.09%,0.07%和0.08%,旱生、中生和湿生演替系列易氧化有机碳占总有机碳比例分别为33.59%,65.18%和54.53%,湿生、中生和旱生演替系列矿化碳占总有机碳比例分别为0.58%,0.53%和0.37%;总有机碳含量与矿化碳含量、易氧化有机碳含量和惰性碳含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),惰性碳含量与矿化碳含量和可溶性有机碳含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),与易氧化有机碳含量显著负相关(P<0.05);不同演替系列土壤有机碳含量及各组分含量影响因子各不相同,总有机碳含量与土壤全氮含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),惰性碳含量与土壤全氮含量显著正相关(P<0.01),与沙粒比极显著负相关(P<0.01),矿化碳含量与土壤酸碱度极显著负相关,与凋落物现存量和土壤含水率极显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤碳库及各组分动态特征存在显著差异。群落演替时间及土壤理化性质是导致有机碳及各组分特征不同的主要原因。
【Objective 】 Understanding the distribution characteristics and accumulation of soil organic carbon and components from different successional series of broadleaved Korean pine forests in Xiaoxing 'an mountains of China,would facilitate accurate evaluation of the forest ecosystem carbon reserves and function of soil carbon and carbon sequestration potential.【Method】The temporal-spatial substitution method was used to study the total soil organic carbon,readily-oxidized organic carbon (ROC),resistant carbon (RC),mineralization carbon (MC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents of the mixture of broadleaved trees and Korean pine with three different succession series (xerosere,mesosere,hydrosere) and the contribution rate of each composition for TOC.Then the key factors for controlling soil organic carbon and its components were analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis.【Result 】The total carbon content of different successional series of broad-leaved trees and Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing'an mountains wascharacterized by hytroseres series > mesoseres series > xeroseres series.The total soil organic carbon tended to decrease with the depth of soil profile,that is 40-60 cm soil layer > 40-20 cm soil layer > 10-20 cm soil layer > 0-10 cm soil layer.The RC of the three succession series contributed to the TOC were 34.42%,13.27%,12.17%,the contribution of DOC to the TOC were 0.09%,0.07% and 0.08%,the ROC contributed to the TOC were 33.59% 65.18%,54.53%,and the MC contribution to the YOC were respectively 0.58%,0.53%,0.37%.The TOC was positively correlated with the MC,ROC and RC (P < 0.01),RC was significantly related to MC,DOC,and negatively correlated with the content of ROC (P < 0.01).The TOC content was affected by total soil nitrogen (P < 0.01) and soil water content (P < 0.01),and the RC showed significant positive correlation with total nitrogen (P < 0.01) and significant negative correlation with the ratio of sand,and the content of MC was negatively correlated with soil p H (P < 0.01) and positively correlated with soil water content and litterfall (P < 0.01).The relationship between the content of ROC and the content of DOC was not significantly related to the soil factors.【Conclusion】There were significant difference of soil organic carbon and its components from different successional series of broadleaved trees with Korean pine forest.Community successional time and physical and chemical properties of soil led to difference of soil organic carbon and its components.
【Objective 】 Understanding the distribution characteristics and accumulation of soil organic carbon and components from different successional series of broadleaved Korean pine forests in Xiaoxing 'an mountains of China,would facilitate accurate evaluation of the forest ecosystem carbon reserves and function of soil carbon and carbon sequestration potential.【Method】The temporal-spatial substitution method was used to study the total soil organic carbon,readily-oxidized organic carbon (ROC),resistant carbon (RC),mineralization carbon (MC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents of the mixture of broadleaved trees and Korean pine with three different succession series (xerosere,mesosere,hydrosere) and the contribution rate of each composition for TOC.Then the key factors for controlling soil organic carbon and its components were analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis.【Result 】The total carbon content of different successional series of broad-leaved trees and Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing'an mountains wascharacterized by hytroseres series > mesoseres series > xeroseres series.The total soil organic carbon tended to decrease with the depth of soil profile,that is 40-60 cm soil layer > 40-20 cm soil layer > 10-20 cm soil layer > 0-10 cm soil layer.The RC of the three succession series contributed to the TOC were 34.42%,13.27%,12.17%,the contribution of DOC to the TOC were 0.09%,0.07% and 0.08%,the ROC contributed to the TOC were 33.59% 65.18%,54.53%,and the MC contribution to the YOC were respectively 0.58%,0.53%,0.37%.The TOC was positively correlated with the MC,ROC and RC (P < 0.01),RC was significantly related to MC,DOC,and negatively correlated with the content of ROC (P < 0.01).The TOC content was affected by total soil nitrogen (P < 0.01) and soil water content (P < 0.01),and the RC showed significant positive correlation with total nitrogen (P < 0.01) and significant negative correlation with the ratio of sand,and the content of MC was negatively correlated with soil p H (P < 0.01) and positively correlated with soil water content and litterfall (P < 0.01).The relationship between the content of ROC and the content of DOC was not significantly related to the soil factors.【Conclusion】There were significant difference of soil organic carbon and its components from different successional series of broadleaved trees with Korean pine forest.Community successional time and physical and chemical properties of soil led to difference of soil organic carbon and its components.
引文
范跃新,杨玉盛,杨智杰,等.2013.亚热带常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段土壤活性有机碳含量及季节动态.生态学报,33(18):5751-5759.(Fan Y X,Yang Y S,Yang Z J,et al.2013.Seasonal dynamics and content of soil labile organic carbon of mid-subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest during natural succession.Acta Ecologica Sinica,33(18):5751-5759.[in Chinese])
贾国梅,牛俊涛,席颖.2015.三峡库区消落带湿地土壤有机碳及其组分特征.土壤,47(5):926-931.(Jia G M,Niu J T,Xi Y.2015.Characteristics of soil organic carbon and its fraction at riparian wetland of Three Gorges Reservoir area.Soil,47(5):926-931.[in Chinese])
姜培坤.2005.不同林分下土壤活性有机碳库研究.林业科学,41(1):10-13.(Jiang P K.2005.Soil active carbon pool under different types of vegetation.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,41(1):10-13[in Chinese])
李顺姬,邱莉萍,张兴昌.2010.黄土高原土壤有机碳矿化及其与土壤理化性质的关系.生态学报,30(5):1217-1226.(Li S J,Qiu L P,Zhang X C.2010.Mineralization of soil organic carbon and its relation with soil physical and chemical properties on the Loess Plateau.Acta Ecologica Sinica,30(5):1217-1226.[in Chinese])
刘世荣,王晖,栾军伟.2011.中国森林土壤碳储量与土壤碳过程研究进展.生态学报,31(19):5437-5448.(Liu S R,Wang H,Luan J W.2011.A review of research progress and future prospective of forest soil carbon stock and soil carbon process in China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,31(19):5437-5448.[in Chinese])
鲁如坤.1999.土壤农业化学分析方法.北京:中国农业科技出版社.(Lu R K.1999.Soilagricultural chemical analysis method.Beijing:China Agriculture Press.[in Chinese])
倪进治,徐建民,谢正苗,等.2003.不同施肥处理下土壤水溶性有机碳含量及其组成特征的研究.土壤学报,40(5):724-729.(Ni J Z,Xu J M,Xie Z M,et al.2003.Contents of WSOC and characteristics of its composition under different fertilization systems.Acta Pedologica Sinica,40(5):724-729.[in Chinese])
沈宏,曹志洪,胡正义.1999.土壤活性有机碳的表征及其生态效应.生态学杂志,18(3):32-38(Shen H,Cao Z H,Hu Z Y.1999.Characteristics and ecological effects of the active organic carbon in soil.Chinese Journal of Ecology,18(3):32-38.[in Chinese])
宋媛,赵溪竹,毛子军,等.2013.小兴安岭4种典型阔叶红松林土壤有机碳分解特性.生态学报,33(2):443-453.(Song Y,Zhao X Z,Mao Z J,et al.2013.SOC decomposition of four typical broad-leaved korean pine communities in Xiaoxing’an Mountain.Acta Ecologica sinica,33(2):443-453.[in Chinese])
王春阳,周建斌,夏志敏,等.2010.黄土高原区不同植物凋落物可溶性有机碳含量及其降解.应用生态学报,21(12):3001-3006.(Wang C Y,Zhou J B,Xia Z M,et al.2010.Soluble organic carbon in plant litters on Loess Plateau:content and biodegradability.Chinese Journal of Applied Eology,21(12):3001-3006.[in Chinese])
王清奎.2011.碳输入方式对森林土壤碳库和碳循环的影响研究进展.应用生态学报,22(4):1075-1081.(Wang Q K.2011.Responses of forest soil carbon pool and carbon cycle to the changes of carbon input.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,22(4):1075-1081.[in Chinese])
王莹,刘淑英,王平.2014.不同土地利用方式下秦王川灌区土壤活性有机碳库的变化.干旱区资源与环境,28(5):103-108.(Wang,Y,Liu S Y,Wang P.2014.Changes of soil active organic carbon pool under different land use types in Qinwangchuan irrigation.Journal of Arid Land Resources and Evironment,28(5):103-108.[in Chinese])
习丹,李炯,旷远文,等.2013.鹤山不同植被类型土壤惰性碳含量及其季节变化特征.热带亚热带植物学报,21(3):203-210.(Xi D,Li J,Kuang Y W,et al.2013.Variation of soil non-labile carbon under different forest types in Heshan.Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,21(3):203-210.[in Chinese])
向慧敏,温达志,张玲玲,等.2015.鼎湖山森林土壤活性碳及惰性碳沿海拔梯度的变化.生态学报,35(18)6089-6099.(Xiang H M,Wen D Z,Zhang L L,et al.2015.Altitudinal changes in active and recalcitrant soil carbon pools of forests in the Dinghu Mountains.Acta Ecologica Sinica,35(18):6089-6099.[in Chinese])
于法展,张忠启,沈正平,等.2015.庐山不同林分类型土壤活性有机碳及其组分与土壤酶的相关性.水土保持研究,22(6):78-82.(Yu F Z,Zhang Z Q,Shen Z P,et al.2015.Correlation of soil active organic carbon and its components as well as soil enzyme under different forests in Lushan.Research of Soil and Water conservation,22(6):78-82.[in Chinese])
周印东.2003.子午岭植被演替过程中土壤有机碳积累与变化.西安:西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文.(Zhou Y D.2003.Accumulation and change of soil organic carboninterrelating with vegetation succession in Ziwuling Region.Xian:MSthesis of Northwest Scitech Unversity of Agriculture and Forestry.[in Chinese])
Hu Y L,Zeng D H,Ma X Q,et al.2016.Root rather than leaf litter input drives soil carbon sequestration after afforestation on a marginal cropland.Forest Ecology and Management,362(11):38-45.
Milcu A,Heim A,Ellis R J,et al.2011.Identification of general patterns of nutrient and labile carbon control on soil carbon dynamics across a successional gradient.Ecosystems,14(5):710-719.
Weber P,Bardgett R D.2011.Influence of single trees on spatial and temporal patterns of belowground properties in native pine forest.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,43(4):1372-1378.
Zhu H H,He X Y,Wang K L,et al.2012.Interactions of vegetation succession,soil bio-chemical properties and microbial communities in a Karst ecosystem.European Journal of Soil Biology,51(3):1-7.
贾国梅,牛俊涛,席颖.2015.三峡库区消落带湿地土壤有机碳及其组分特征.土壤,47(5):926-931.(Jia G M,Niu J T,Xi Y.2015.Characteristics of soil organic carbon and its fraction at riparian wetland of Three Gorges Reservoir area.Soil,47(5):926-931.[in Chinese])
姜培坤.2005.不同林分下土壤活性有机碳库研究.林业科学,41(1):10-13.(Jiang P K.2005.Soil active carbon pool under different types of vegetation.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,41(1):10-13[in Chinese])
李顺姬,邱莉萍,张兴昌.2010.黄土高原土壤有机碳矿化及其与土壤理化性质的关系.生态学报,30(5):1217-1226.(Li S J,Qiu L P,Zhang X C.2010.Mineralization of soil organic carbon and its relation with soil physical and chemical properties on the Loess Plateau.Acta Ecologica Sinica,30(5):1217-1226.[in Chinese])
刘世荣,王晖,栾军伟.2011.中国森林土壤碳储量与土壤碳过程研究进展.生态学报,31(19):5437-5448.(Liu S R,Wang H,Luan J W.2011.A review of research progress and future prospective of forest soil carbon stock and soil carbon process in China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,31(19):5437-5448.[in Chinese])
鲁如坤.1999.土壤农业化学分析方法.北京:中国农业科技出版社.(Lu R K.1999.Soilagricultural chemical analysis method.Beijing:China Agriculture Press.[in Chinese])
倪进治,徐建民,谢正苗,等.2003.不同施肥处理下土壤水溶性有机碳含量及其组成特征的研究.土壤学报,40(5):724-729.(Ni J Z,Xu J M,Xie Z M,et al.2003.Contents of WSOC and characteristics of its composition under different fertilization systems.Acta Pedologica Sinica,40(5):724-729.[in Chinese])
沈宏,曹志洪,胡正义.1999.土壤活性有机碳的表征及其生态效应.生态学杂志,18(3):32-38(Shen H,Cao Z H,Hu Z Y.1999.Characteristics and ecological effects of the active organic carbon in soil.Chinese Journal of Ecology,18(3):32-38.[in Chinese])
宋媛,赵溪竹,毛子军,等.2013.小兴安岭4种典型阔叶红松林土壤有机碳分解特性.生态学报,33(2):443-453.(Song Y,Zhao X Z,Mao Z J,et al.2013.SOC decomposition of four typical broad-leaved korean pine communities in Xiaoxing’an Mountain.Acta Ecologica sinica,33(2):443-453.[in Chinese])
王春阳,周建斌,夏志敏,等.2010.黄土高原区不同植物凋落物可溶性有机碳含量及其降解.应用生态学报,21(12):3001-3006.(Wang C Y,Zhou J B,Xia Z M,et al.2010.Soluble organic carbon in plant litters on Loess Plateau:content and biodegradability.Chinese Journal of Applied Eology,21(12):3001-3006.[in Chinese])
王清奎.2011.碳输入方式对森林土壤碳库和碳循环的影响研究进展.应用生态学报,22(4):1075-1081.(Wang Q K.2011.Responses of forest soil carbon pool and carbon cycle to the changes of carbon input.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,22(4):1075-1081.[in Chinese])
王莹,刘淑英,王平.2014.不同土地利用方式下秦王川灌区土壤活性有机碳库的变化.干旱区资源与环境,28(5):103-108.(Wang,Y,Liu S Y,Wang P.2014.Changes of soil active organic carbon pool under different land use types in Qinwangchuan irrigation.Journal of Arid Land Resources and Evironment,28(5):103-108.[in Chinese])
习丹,李炯,旷远文,等.2013.鹤山不同植被类型土壤惰性碳含量及其季节变化特征.热带亚热带植物学报,21(3):203-210.(Xi D,Li J,Kuang Y W,et al.2013.Variation of soil non-labile carbon under different forest types in Heshan.Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,21(3):203-210.[in Chinese])
向慧敏,温达志,张玲玲,等.2015.鼎湖山森林土壤活性碳及惰性碳沿海拔梯度的变化.生态学报,35(18)6089-6099.(Xiang H M,Wen D Z,Zhang L L,et al.2015.Altitudinal changes in active and recalcitrant soil carbon pools of forests in the Dinghu Mountains.Acta Ecologica Sinica,35(18):6089-6099.[in Chinese])
于法展,张忠启,沈正平,等.2015.庐山不同林分类型土壤活性有机碳及其组分与土壤酶的相关性.水土保持研究,22(6):78-82.(Yu F Z,Zhang Z Q,Shen Z P,et al.2015.Correlation of soil active organic carbon and its components as well as soil enzyme under different forests in Lushan.Research of Soil and Water conservation,22(6):78-82.[in Chinese])
周印东.2003.子午岭植被演替过程中土壤有机碳积累与变化.西安:西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文.(Zhou Y D.2003.Accumulation and change of soil organic carboninterrelating with vegetation succession in Ziwuling Region.Xian:MSthesis of Northwest Scitech Unversity of Agriculture and Forestry.[in Chinese])
Hu Y L,Zeng D H,Ma X Q,et al.2016.Root rather than leaf litter input drives soil carbon sequestration after afforestation on a marginal cropland.Forest Ecology and Management,362(11):38-45.
Milcu A,Heim A,Ellis R J,et al.2011.Identification of general patterns of nutrient and labile carbon control on soil carbon dynamics across a successional gradient.Ecosystems,14(5):710-719.
Weber P,Bardgett R D.2011.Influence of single trees on spatial and temporal patterns of belowground properties in native pine forest.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,43(4):1372-1378.
Zhu H H,He X Y,Wang K L,et al.2012.Interactions of vegetation succession,soil bio-chemical properties and microbial communities in a Karst ecosystem.European Journal of Soil Biology,51(3):1-7.