小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列森林细根生物量的研究
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摘要
以小兴安岭地区阔叶红松林旱生演替系列的蒙古栎次生林和蒙古栎红松林、中生演替系列的枫桦次生林和枫桦红松林、湿生演替系列的白桦次生林和云冷杉红松林这6种林型为研究对象,采用土钻取样法对不同演替系列细根生物量的空间变化、垂直分布规律及其影响因子进行系统地研究。结果表明:(1)3种演替系列总细根生物量存在显著差异(P<0.05)。中生演替系列生物量最高,平均达8.56 t·hm~(-2),其次是旱生演替系列8.18t·hm~(-2),湿生演替系列生物量最低,为5.79 t·hm~(-2);(2)对于不同演替系列细根生物量垂直变化,在阔叶红松林的正向演替过程中,森林细根生物量逐渐增加,且随着土层的增加而降低,拟合效果均达显著水平(P<0.05),中根和粗根的垂直分布差异较大;(3)在小兴安岭地区,6块林地不同径级细根生物量与土壤有机C和全N、土壤容重、土壤含水率呈显著负相关(P>0.05),而土壤p H值与细根生物量呈显著正相关性(P>0.05)。
We employed the six forest types of broad-leaved Korean pine in Xiaoxing'an Mountain,inlcuding the Mongolian oak forest and Korean pine of xerophytic sere,the Mongolian oak maple birch forest and maple birch Korean pine of mesosere and the wetland succession series birch forest and spruce fir forest,to study different successional series space variations,vertical distribution of root biomass and its influence factors by using soil drilling and sampling method.There was the significant difference for total root biomass in the three series of succession(P < 0.05).The biomass was the highest in the mesosere,with an average of 8.56 t·hm~(-2),followed by the xerophytes of 8.18 t·hm~(-2),and the lowest was 5.79 t·hm~(-2) in the wetland succession series.For the vertical changes in the forward succession process in the forest,the biomass of fine roots gradually was increased and decreased with the increase of soil layer,and the fitting effect reflected marked difference.Vertical distribution of root and middle root showed difference.In Xiaoxing'an mountain,the distribution of thin root biomass in six woodlands had a significantly negative correlation with soil organic C and total N,soil bulk density and soil moisture content,whereas,showed a notable positive correlation with p H value.
We employed the six forest types of broad-leaved Korean pine in Xiaoxing'an Mountain,inlcuding the Mongolian oak forest and Korean pine of xerophytic sere,the Mongolian oak maple birch forest and maple birch Korean pine of mesosere and the wetland succession series birch forest and spruce fir forest,to study different successional series space variations,vertical distribution of root biomass and its influence factors by using soil drilling and sampling method.There was the significant difference for total root biomass in the three series of succession(P < 0.05).The biomass was the highest in the mesosere,with an average of 8.56 t·hm~(-2),followed by the xerophytes of 8.18 t·hm~(-2),and the lowest was 5.79 t·hm~(-2) in the wetland succession series.For the vertical changes in the forward succession process in the forest,the biomass of fine roots gradually was increased and decreased with the increase of soil layer,and the fitting effect reflected marked difference.Vertical distribution of root and middle root showed difference.In Xiaoxing'an mountain,the distribution of thin root biomass in six woodlands had a significantly negative correlation with soil organic C and total N,soil bulk density and soil moisture content,whereas,showed a notable positive correlation with p H value.
引文
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10.刘丽杰.长白山退化阔叶红松林的演替状态及退化机制研究[J].吉林农业,2016(5):117.Liu LJ.Study on the succession status and degeneration mechanism of red pine forest in changbai mountain[J].Agriculture of Jilin,2016(5):117.
11.Dannowski M,Block A.Fractal geometry and root system structures of heterogeneous plant communities[J].Plant and Soil,2005,272(1-2):61-76.
12.Mcclaugherty C A,Aber J D,Melillo J M.The role of fine roots in the organic matter and nitrogen budgets of two forested ecosystems[J].Ecology,1982,63(5):1481-1490.
13.肖义发,欧光龙,胥辉.林木细根生物量分布及其动态研究综述[J].林业调查规划,2013,38(1):34-38,57.Xiao Y F,Ou G L,Xu H.Tree fine root biomass distribution and its dynamic research[J].Forest Inventory and Planning,2013,38(1):34-38,57.
14.荣秀连,王波,宋采博,等.土壤某些物理性状对植物根系生长的影响[J].草业与畜牧,2009(10):1-3,17.Rong X L,Wang B,Song C B,et al.Effects of certain physical traits on root growth of plants[J].Prataculture&Animal Husbandry,2009(10):1-3,17.
15.唐仕姗,杨万勤,熊莉,等.川西亚高山3种优势树种不同根序碳氮磷化学计量特征[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(2):363-369.Tang S S,Yang W Q,Xiong L,et al.The characteristics of different root sequence carbon and nitrogen phosphorus stoichiometry in three dominant tree species of western Sichuan[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(2):363-369.
16.钱文丽,卢元,王韶仲,等.混交对红松人工林细根生物量和空间分布的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(2):1-5.Qian W L,Lu Y,Wang S Z,et al.Influence of species mixing on fine root biomass and spatial distribution in Pinus koraiensis plantation[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2016,44(2):1-5.
17.Zhou Z C,Shangguan Z P.Vertical distribution of fine roots in relation to soil factors in Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.forest of the Loess Plateau of China[J].Plant and Soil,2007,291(1-2):119-129.
18.郭京衡,李尝君,曾凡江,等.2种荒漠植物根系生物量分布与土壤水分、养分的关系[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(1):166-171.Guo J H,Li C J,Zeng F J,et al.Relationship between root biomass distribution and soil moisture,nutrient for two desert plant species[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(1):166-171.
19.高祥,丁贵杰,翟帅帅,等.不同林分密度马尾松人工林根系生物量及空间分布研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(6):71-75.Gao X,Ding G J,Zhai S S,et al.Spatial distribution of root biomass of Pinus massoniana plantations under different planting densities[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2014,34(6):71-75.
20.Pransiska Y,Triadiati T,Tjitrosoedirjo S,et al.Forest conversion impacts on the fine and coarse root system,and soil organic matter in tropicallowlands of Sumatera(Indonesia)[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2016,379:288-298.
21.盛浩,周萍,李洁,等.中亚热带山区深层土壤有机碳库对土地利用变化的响应[J].生态学报,2014,34(23):7004-7012.Sheng H,Zhou P,LI J,et al.Response of deep soil organic carbon storage to land-use changes in subtropical hilly region of China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(23):7004-7012.
22.魏强,凌雷,柴春山,等.甘肃兴隆山森林演替过程中的土壤理化性质[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4700-4713.Wei Q,Ling L,Chai C S,et al.Soil physical and chemical properties in forest succession process in Xinglong Mountain of Gansu province[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(15):4700-4713.
23.杨丽韫,罗天祥,吴松涛.长白山原始阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林及其次生林细根生物量与垂直分布特征[J].生态学报,2007,27(9):3609-3617.Yang L Y,Luo T X,Wu S T.Fine root biomass and its depth distribution across the primitive Korean pine and broad-leaved forest and its secondary forests in Changbai Mountain,Northeast China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(9):3609-3617.
24.张洪亮,张毓涛,张新平,等.天山中部天然云杉林凋落物层水文生态功能研究[J].干旱区地理,2011,34(2):271-277.Zhang H L,Zhang YT,Zhang X P,et al.Eco-hydrological characteristics of litter of artificial spruce forest in the middle part of Tianshan Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography,2011,34(2):271-277.
25.刘玉龙,韩丽冬,刁云飞.红松天然林与白桦次生林土壤养分差异性研究[J].林业科技,2014,39(4):22-23.Liu Y L,Han L D,Diao Y F.Soil Physical and chemical properties differences of natural korean pine forest and Betula platyphylla secondary forest[J].Forestry Science&Technology,2014,39(4):22-23.
26.Brassard B W,Chen H Y H,Cavard X,et al.Tree species diversity increases fine root productivity through increased soil volume filling[J].Journal of Ecology,2013,101(1):210-219.
27.Zhang K R,Cheng X L,Dang H S,etal.Linking litter production,quality and decomposition to vegetation succession following agricultural abandonment[J].Soil Biology andBiochemistry,2013,57:803-813.
2.Usman S,Singh S P,Rawat Y S,et al.Fine root decomposition and nitrogen mineralisation patterns in Quercus leucotrichophora and Pinus roxburghii forests in central Himalaya[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2000,131(1-3):191-199.
3.Roumet C,Birouste M,Picon-Cochard C,et al.Root structure-function relationships in 74 species:evidence of a root economics spectrum related to carbon economy[J].New Phytologist,2016,210(3):815-826.
4.Chen LL,Mu X M,Yuan Z Y,et al.Soil nutrients and water affect the age-related fine root biomass but not production in two plantation forests on the Loess Plateau,China[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2016,135:173-180.
5.LüX T,Yin J X,Jepsen M R,et al.Ecosystem carbon storage and partitioning in a tropical seasonal forest in southwestern China[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2010,260(10):1798-1803.
6.Malhi Y,Doughty C,Galbraith D.The allocation of ecosystem net primary productivity in tropical forests[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2011,366(1582):3225-3245.
7.Matamala R,Gonzàlez-Meler M A,Jastrow J D,et al.Impacts of fine root turnover on forest NPP and soil C sequestration potential[J].Science,2003,302(5649):1385-1387.
8.Liao Y C,Mccormack M L,Fan H B,et al.Relation of fine rootdistribution to soil C in a Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in subtropical China[J].Plant and Soil,2014,381(1-2):225-234.
9.Yang Y H,Lou Y Q,Finzi A C.Carbon and nitrogen dynamics during forest stand development:a global synthesis[J].New Phytologist,2011,190(4):977-989.
10.刘丽杰.长白山退化阔叶红松林的演替状态及退化机制研究[J].吉林农业,2016(5):117.Liu LJ.Study on the succession status and degeneration mechanism of red pine forest in changbai mountain[J].Agriculture of Jilin,2016(5):117.
11.Dannowski M,Block A.Fractal geometry and root system structures of heterogeneous plant communities[J].Plant and Soil,2005,272(1-2):61-76.
12.Mcclaugherty C A,Aber J D,Melillo J M.The role of fine roots in the organic matter and nitrogen budgets of two forested ecosystems[J].Ecology,1982,63(5):1481-1490.
13.肖义发,欧光龙,胥辉.林木细根生物量分布及其动态研究综述[J].林业调查规划,2013,38(1):34-38,57.Xiao Y F,Ou G L,Xu H.Tree fine root biomass distribution and its dynamic research[J].Forest Inventory and Planning,2013,38(1):34-38,57.
14.荣秀连,王波,宋采博,等.土壤某些物理性状对植物根系生长的影响[J].草业与畜牧,2009(10):1-3,17.Rong X L,Wang B,Song C B,et al.Effects of certain physical traits on root growth of plants[J].Prataculture&Animal Husbandry,2009(10):1-3,17.
15.唐仕姗,杨万勤,熊莉,等.川西亚高山3种优势树种不同根序碳氮磷化学计量特征[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(2):363-369.Tang S S,Yang W Q,Xiong L,et al.The characteristics of different root sequence carbon and nitrogen phosphorus stoichiometry in three dominant tree species of western Sichuan[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(2):363-369.
16.钱文丽,卢元,王韶仲,等.混交对红松人工林细根生物量和空间分布的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(2):1-5.Qian W L,Lu Y,Wang S Z,et al.Influence of species mixing on fine root biomass and spatial distribution in Pinus koraiensis plantation[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2016,44(2):1-5.
17.Zhou Z C,Shangguan Z P.Vertical distribution of fine roots in relation to soil factors in Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.forest of the Loess Plateau of China[J].Plant and Soil,2007,291(1-2):119-129.
18.郭京衡,李尝君,曾凡江,等.2种荒漠植物根系生物量分布与土壤水分、养分的关系[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(1):166-171.Guo J H,Li C J,Zeng F J,et al.Relationship between root biomass distribution and soil moisture,nutrient for two desert plant species[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(1):166-171.
19.高祥,丁贵杰,翟帅帅,等.不同林分密度马尾松人工林根系生物量及空间分布研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(6):71-75.Gao X,Ding G J,Zhai S S,et al.Spatial distribution of root biomass of Pinus massoniana plantations under different planting densities[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2014,34(6):71-75.
20.Pransiska Y,Triadiati T,Tjitrosoedirjo S,et al.Forest conversion impacts on the fine and coarse root system,and soil organic matter in tropicallowlands of Sumatera(Indonesia)[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2016,379:288-298.
21.盛浩,周萍,李洁,等.中亚热带山区深层土壤有机碳库对土地利用变化的响应[J].生态学报,2014,34(23):7004-7012.Sheng H,Zhou P,LI J,et al.Response of deep soil organic carbon storage to land-use changes in subtropical hilly region of China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(23):7004-7012.
22.魏强,凌雷,柴春山,等.甘肃兴隆山森林演替过程中的土壤理化性质[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4700-4713.Wei Q,Ling L,Chai C S,et al.Soil physical and chemical properties in forest succession process in Xinglong Mountain of Gansu province[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(15):4700-4713.
23.杨丽韫,罗天祥,吴松涛.长白山原始阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林及其次生林细根生物量与垂直分布特征[J].生态学报,2007,27(9):3609-3617.Yang L Y,Luo T X,Wu S T.Fine root biomass and its depth distribution across the primitive Korean pine and broad-leaved forest and its secondary forests in Changbai Mountain,Northeast China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(9):3609-3617.
24.张洪亮,张毓涛,张新平,等.天山中部天然云杉林凋落物层水文生态功能研究[J].干旱区地理,2011,34(2):271-277.Zhang H L,Zhang YT,Zhang X P,et al.Eco-hydrological characteristics of litter of artificial spruce forest in the middle part of Tianshan Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography,2011,34(2):271-277.
25.刘玉龙,韩丽冬,刁云飞.红松天然林与白桦次生林土壤养分差异性研究[J].林业科技,2014,39(4):22-23.Liu Y L,Han L D,Diao Y F.Soil Physical and chemical properties differences of natural korean pine forest and Betula platyphylla secondary forest[J].Forestry Science&Technology,2014,39(4):22-23.
26.Brassard B W,Chen H Y H,Cavard X,et al.Tree species diversity increases fine root productivity through increased soil volume filling[J].Journal of Ecology,2013,101(1):210-219.
27.Zhang K R,Cheng X L,Dang H S,etal.Linking litter production,quality and decomposition to vegetation succession following agricultural abandonment[J].Soil Biology andBiochemistry,2013,57:803-813.