海洋溢油污染的环境监管探究
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摘要
近年来,随着海洋油气开发和船舶运输活动的日益增加,海洋溢油污染事故频繁发生,对海洋生态环境造成了严重破坏。海洋溢油污染的环境监管问题成为社会关注的焦点,有效的环境监管是降低海洋溢油污染风险和减少海洋生态损害的重要途径。为此,在客观分析我国海洋溢油污染环境监管现状的基础上,深入反思海洋溢油污染在应急管理、监管权责、监管手段以及多元主体监管方面存在的问题,并从提升海洋溢油污染的应急管理能力、加强监管的权责划分和协调性、提高监管手段的运用效率、形成多元主体的环境监管合力方面完善我国海洋溢油污染的环境监管,实现海洋经济和海洋生态环境的和谐发展。
In recent years, with the development of marine oil and gas and the increase of shipping activities, frequent marine oil spill accidents have caused serious damage to marine ecological environment. The environmental supervision of marine oil spill pollution has become the focus of the society. Effective environmental regulation is an important way to reduce the risk of marine oil spills and marine ecological damage. Therefore, on the basis of objective analysis of the status quo of marine oil spill supervision in our country, we deeply reflect on the existing problems of marine oil spill pollution in the aspects of emergency management, regulatory powers and responsibilities, regulatory measures and multiple subject supervision. From the aspects of enhancing the emergency management ability of marine oil spill pollution, it should strengthen the division of powers and responsibilities of supervision, enhance the efficiency of the use of regulatory instruments and forming a multi-disciplinary environmental regulatory cooperation to improve the environmental supervision of marine oil spill in China and achieve the harmonious development of marine economy and marine ecological environment.
In recent years, with the development of marine oil and gas and the increase of shipping activities, frequent marine oil spill accidents have caused serious damage to marine ecological environment. The environmental supervision of marine oil spill pollution has become the focus of the society. Effective environmental regulation is an important way to reduce the risk of marine oil spills and marine ecological damage. Therefore, on the basis of objective analysis of the status quo of marine oil spill supervision in our country, we deeply reflect on the existing problems of marine oil spill pollution in the aspects of emergency management, regulatory powers and responsibilities, regulatory measures and multiple subject supervision. From the aspects of enhancing the emergency management ability of marine oil spill pollution, it should strengthen the division of powers and responsibilities of supervision, enhance the efficiency of the use of regulatory instruments and forming a multi-disciplinary environmental regulatory cooperation to improve the environmental supervision of marine oil spill in China and achieve the harmonious development of marine economy and marine ecological environment.
引文
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[3]章轲.学者:公益性、经营性自然资源同归一部管理是一个挑战[N].第一财经日报,2018-3-26(A02).
[4]王宇平.从康菲溢油事故看我国《海洋环境保护法》的完善[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[5]张维宸.组建“自然资源部”的来龙去脉[N].中国矿业报,2018-3-17(003).
[6]冯恺,金坦,逯元堂,等.我国环境监管能力建设问题与建议[J].环境保护,2013(8):43-45.
[7]曾贤刚,魏国强.生态环境监管制度的问题与对策研究[J].环境保护,2015(11):39-41.
[8]吴舜泽.整合职能权威高效履行生态环境监管职责[N].中国环境报,2018-5-15(003).