UV/H_2O_2技术对上海青草沙水源水砂滤后溴酸根和三卤甲烷的生成控制
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摘要
针对含溴离子(Br-)的上海某水厂滤后水的高级氧化处理,考察了紫外/过氧化氢(UV/H_2O_2)技术对UV254和总有机碳(TOC)的削减效率、控制消毒副产物溴酸根(Br O-3)和三卤甲烷(THMs)的生成情况,同时研究了水中溴离子(Br-)浓度的改变对UV/H_2O_2处理效果的影响.结果表明,UV/H_2O_2处理工艺不产生Br O-3;500 m J·cm-2的UV剂量和5 mg·L-1H_2O_2投加量下,出水UV254和TOC分别降低了35%和21%;后续氯消毒过程中的THMs生成势随H_2O_2投加量的增加显著降低,500 m J·cm-2的UV剂量下,H_2O_2投加量为5 mg·L-1和10 mg·L-1时,THMs生成势的削减率分别为49.4%和79.9%;水中Br-浓度的改变不影响UV/H_2O_2工艺的运行效果;相比UV,UV/H_2O_2还可使9种农药的降解率提高50%—85%.因此,UV/H_2O_2在含Br-水源水深度处理方面有着较好的应用前景.
For advanced oxidation of sand filtered water from a water treatment plant in Shanghai,UV / H_2O_2 was applied to decrease UV254 and Total Organic Carbon( TOC),and to control the formation of disinfection byproducts-bromate( Br O-3) and trihalomethanes( THMs). The influence of bromide ion( Br-) concentration on UV/H_2O_2 treatment was also examined. The results showed that no Br O-3was found after UV / H_2O_2 oxidation. UV254 and TOC were decreased by 35% and21%,respectively,with 500 m J·cm- 2UV dose and 5 mg·L- 1H_2O_2. THMs were decreased by 49.4% and 79. 9% in subsequent chlorination process,with H_2O_2 dose being 5 and 10 mg·L- 1respectively. Br-concentrations had no effect on UV / H_2O_2 treatment. The degradation rates of nine pesticides were increased by 50% —85% in UV / H_2O_2 than that in UV. Thus,UV / H_2O_2 is feasible as an advanced treatment technology for water containing bromide ions.
For advanced oxidation of sand filtered water from a water treatment plant in Shanghai,UV / H_2O_2 was applied to decrease UV254 and Total Organic Carbon( TOC),and to control the formation of disinfection byproducts-bromate( Br O-3) and trihalomethanes( THMs). The influence of bromide ion( Br-) concentration on UV/H_2O_2 treatment was also examined. The results showed that no Br O-3was found after UV / H_2O_2 oxidation. UV254 and TOC were decreased by 35% and21%,respectively,with 500 m J·cm- 2UV dose and 5 mg·L- 1H_2O_2. THMs were decreased by 49.4% and 79. 9% in subsequent chlorination process,with H_2O_2 dose being 5 and 10 mg·L- 1respectively. Br-concentrations had no effect on UV / H_2O_2 treatment. The degradation rates of nine pesticides were increased by 50% —85% in UV / H_2O_2 than that in UV. Thus,UV / H_2O_2 is feasible as an advanced treatment technology for water containing bromide ions.
引文
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[20]TERCERO-ESPINOZA L A,FRIMMEL F H.Formation of brominated products in irradiated titanium dioxide suspensions containing bromide and dissolved organic carbon[J].Water Research,2008.42:1778-1784.
[21]TOOR R,MOHSENI M.UV-H2O2based AOP and its integration with biologicalactivated carbon treatment for DBP reduction in drinking water[J].Chemosphere,2007,66:2087-2095.
[22]WANG G S,LIAO C H,CHEN H W,et al.Characteristics of natural organic matter degradation in water by UV/H2O2treatment[J].Environmental Technology,2006,27(3):277-287.
[23]CAMEL V,BERMOND A.The use of ozone and associated oxidation process in drinking water treatment[J].Water Research,1998,32(11):3208-3222.
[24]YANG X,PENG J F,CHEN B Y,et al.Effects of ozone and ozone/peroxide pretreatments on disinfection byproduct formation during subsequent chlorination and chloramination[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,239-240(3):48-54.
[25]王昊宇.臭氧氧化工艺对饮用水中溴代消毒副产物生成的影响[D].北京:清华大学博士学位论,2013.WANG H Y.Effects of ozone oxidation processes on bromine by-products in drinking water[D].Beijing:Doctoral Thesis of Tsinghua University,2013(in Chinese).
[26]LJPELAAR G F,GROENENDIJK M,HOPMAN R,et al.Advanced oxidation technologies for the degradation of pesticides in ground water and surface water[J].Water Science&Technology Water Supply,2002,2:129-138.
[27]XIA P,YE H,ZHOU X,et al.Pilot study of UV/H2O2combined process on removing micro-organic pollutants in water[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2012,38(1):119-122.
[28]ARANTEGUI J,PRADO J,CHAMARRO E,et al.Kinetics of the UV degradation of atrazine in aqueous solution in the presence of hydrogen peroxide[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A:Chemistry,1995,88(1):65-74.
[2]LEGUBE B.A survey of bromate ion in European drinking water[J].Ozone Science&Engineering,1996,18(4):325-348.
[3]王静远,查飞,蔡永福,等.离子色谱法测定砷酸根、亚砷酸根、氯酸根及常见阴离子[J].环境化学,2011,30(8):1518-1519.WANG J Y,CHA F,CAI Y F,et al.Detection of arsenite,arsenate,chlorate and common anions by Ion Chromatography[J].Environmental Chenmistry,2011,30(8):1518-1519(in Chinese).
[4]KRUITHOF J C,KAMP P C,BELOSEVIC M.UV/H2O2-treatment:The ultimate solution for pesticide control and disinfection[J].Water Supply,2002,2(1):113-122.
[5]夏萍,张东,周新宇,等.紫外/过氧化氢(UV/H2O2)高级氧化工艺在饮用水处理中的应用[J].净水技术,2012,31(4):17-19,101.XIA P,ZHANG D,ZHOU X Y,et al.Application of advanced oxidation technological process of UV/H2O2in drinking water treatment[J].Water Purification Technology,2012,31(4):17-19,101(in Chinese).
[6]PEREIRA V J,LINDEN K G,WEINBERG H S.Evaluation of UV irradiation for photolytic and oxidative degradation of pharmaceutical compounds in water[J].Water Research,2007,41(44):13-23.
[7]KRUITHOF J C,KAMPP C,MARTIJN B J.UV/H2O2treatment:A practicle solution for organic contaminant control and primary disinfection[J].Ozone Science&Engineering,2007,29(2):73-80.
[8]赵丹丹,高乃云,芮旻,等.UV-H2O2工艺对饮用水中DMP的去除效果和影响因素[J].环境化学,2006,25(4):477-381.ZHAO D D,GAO N Y,RUI M,et al.Degradation of DMP by combination of UV-H2O2and impacting factors[J].Environmental Chenmistry,2006,25(4):477-381(in Chinese).
[9]PHILLIP N H,GURTEN E,DIYAMAMDOGLU V.Transformation of bromine species during decomposition of bromate under UV light from low pressure mercury vapor lamps[J].Ozone Science&Engineering,2006,28(2):17-28.
[10]PELDSZUS S,ANDREWSS A,SOUZA R,et al.Effect of medium-pressure UV irradiation on bromate concentrations in drinking water,a pilot-scale study[J].Water Research,2004,38(2):11-17.
[11]von GUNTEN U,BRUCHET A,Costentin E.Bromate formation in advanced oxidation process[J].Journal-American Water Works Association,1996,88(6):53-65.
[12]ACERO J L,HADERLEIN S B,SCHMIDT T C,et al.MTBE oxidation by conventional ozonation and the combination ozone/hydrogen peroxide:Efficiency of the process and bromate formation[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2001,35(4):252-259.
[13]CANONIC S,MEUNIER L,von GUNTEN U.Phototransformation of selected pharmaceuticals during UV treatment of drinking water[J].Water Research,2008,42:121-128.
[14]姜成春,庞素艳,马军,等.钛盐光度法测定Fenton氧化中的过氧化氢[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(4):88-91.JIANG C C,PANG S Y,MA J,et al.Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen peroxide in Fenton reaction with titanimu oxalate[J].China Water&Wastewater,2006,22(4):88-91(in Chinese).
[15]袁芳.UV/H2O2降解水中医药类污染物的反应历程与动力学研究[D].北京:中国科学院生态环境研究中心博士学位论文,2010.YUAN F.Degrationsand kinetics of pharmaceuticals pollutants by UV/H2O2[D].Beijing:Doctoral Thesis of Research Center for EcoEnvironmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010(in Chinese).
[16]KLEISER G,FRIMMEL F H.Removal of precursors for disinfection by-products(DBPs)-differences between ozone-and OH-radicalinduced oxidation[J].The Science of the Total Environment,2000,25(6):1-9.
[17]GOSLAN E H,GURSES F,Banks J,et al.An investigation into reservoir NOM reduction by UV photolysis and advanced oxidation processes[J].Chemosphere,2006,65:1113-1119.
[18]SANLY L M,CHIANG K,AMAL R,et al.A study on the removal of humic acid using advanced oxidation process[J].Separation Science&Technology,2007,42:1391-1404.
[19]MONCACY-LASSO A,PULGARIN C,BENITEZ N.Degradation of DBPs'precursors in river water before and after slow sand filtration by photo-Fenton process at p H 5 in solar CPC reactor[J].Water Research,2008,42:4125-4132.
[20]TERCERO-ESPINOZA L A,FRIMMEL F H.Formation of brominated products in irradiated titanium dioxide suspensions containing bromide and dissolved organic carbon[J].Water Research,2008.42:1778-1784.
[21]TOOR R,MOHSENI M.UV-H2O2based AOP and its integration with biologicalactivated carbon treatment for DBP reduction in drinking water[J].Chemosphere,2007,66:2087-2095.
[22]WANG G S,LIAO C H,CHEN H W,et al.Characteristics of natural organic matter degradation in water by UV/H2O2treatment[J].Environmental Technology,2006,27(3):277-287.
[23]CAMEL V,BERMOND A.The use of ozone and associated oxidation process in drinking water treatment[J].Water Research,1998,32(11):3208-3222.
[24]YANG X,PENG J F,CHEN B Y,et al.Effects of ozone and ozone/peroxide pretreatments on disinfection byproduct formation during subsequent chlorination and chloramination[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,239-240(3):48-54.
[25]王昊宇.臭氧氧化工艺对饮用水中溴代消毒副产物生成的影响[D].北京:清华大学博士学位论,2013.WANG H Y.Effects of ozone oxidation processes on bromine by-products in drinking water[D].Beijing:Doctoral Thesis of Tsinghua University,2013(in Chinese).
[26]LJPELAAR G F,GROENENDIJK M,HOPMAN R,et al.Advanced oxidation technologies for the degradation of pesticides in ground water and surface water[J].Water Science&Technology Water Supply,2002,2:129-138.
[27]XIA P,YE H,ZHOU X,et al.Pilot study of UV/H2O2combined process on removing micro-organic pollutants in water[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2012,38(1):119-122.
[28]ARANTEGUI J,PRADO J,CHAMARRO E,et al.Kinetics of the UV degradation of atrazine in aqueous solution in the presence of hydrogen peroxide[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A:Chemistry,1995,88(1):65-74.