原地浸矿单孔影响范围的试验研究
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摘要
合理的注液孔间距直接影响稀土资源回收率,是原地浸矿工艺的关键环节。假设注液孔孔底入渗过程满足Green-Ampt入渗模型,基于注液孔孔周入渗水量等于注液影响范围内含水量增量,建立单孔影响范围计算模型,试验研究了该模型的有效性。试验结果表明,注液孔周围体积含水率的非均匀性非常显著,单孔影响范围与注液时间成指数关系,高饱和度大于90%的影响范围随时间变化缓慢,在注液的前4天,饱和度小于80%的影响范围随时间变化非常快,并渐趋稳定;单孔注液入渗过程在第10天达到稳渗状态,运用单孔影响范围计算模型计算稳渗状态的影响范围是有效的。
The reasonable injecting hole spacing is the key link of in-situ leaching,and the recovery rate of rare earth resources is directly determined by it. This paper assumed that the infiltration process at the bottom of injecting hole satisfies the Green-Ampt infiltration model,based on the infiltrated water around injecting hole equals to the water content increment in the influence range of injection,a calculation model was established for the influence range of single-hole. The validity of the model was studied by experiments. The results showed that heterogeneity of volume water content around injecting hole was very significant. The relationship between the influence range of injecting hole and injection time was exponential. The influence range of high saturation which was greater than 90% was changed with time slowly. In the first 4 days of the injection,the influence range of high saturation which was less than 80% was changed with time quickly,and approached a constant value. Infiltration process of the single-hole injection reached steady infiltration state in tenth day,and it was effective to use the calculation model of the influence range of single-hole to calculate the influence range under the condition of steady infiltration state.
The reasonable injecting hole spacing is the key link of in-situ leaching,and the recovery rate of rare earth resources is directly determined by it. This paper assumed that the infiltration process at the bottom of injecting hole satisfies the Green-Ampt infiltration model,based on the infiltrated water around injecting hole equals to the water content increment in the influence range of injection,a calculation model was established for the influence range of single-hole. The validity of the model was studied by experiments. The results showed that heterogeneity of volume water content around injecting hole was very significant. The relationship between the influence range of injecting hole and injection time was exponential. The influence range of high saturation which was greater than 90% was changed with time slowly. In the first 4 days of the injection,the influence range of high saturation which was less than 80% was changed with time quickly,and approached a constant value. Infiltration process of the single-hole injection reached steady infiltration state in tenth day,and it was effective to use the calculation model of the influence range of single-hole to calculate the influence range under the condition of steady infiltration state.
引文
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[13]饶睿,李明才,张树标,等.离子型稀土原地浸矿采场滑坡特征及防控试验研究[J].稀土,2016,37(6):26-31.Rao R,Li M C,Zhang S B,et al.Experimental study on landslide features and countermeasures of in-situ leaching stope of ion-type rare earth mines[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2016,37(6):26-31.
[14]Philip J R.Absorption and infiltration in two-and threedimensional systems[C]//Water in the Unsaturated Zone,Proceedings of the Wageningen Symposium.1966,1:503-516.
[15]雷志栋,杨诗秀,谢森传.土壤水动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1988:87.Lei Z D,Yang S X,Xie S C.Soil Water Hydrodynamics[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1988:87.
[16]吕特,张洁,薛建峰,等.Green-Ampt模型渗透系数取值方法研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(S1):341-345.Lv T,Zhang J,Xue J F,et al.Determining permeability coefficient of Green-Ampt model for infiltration analysis[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(S1):341-345.
[2]袁长林.中国南岭淋积型稀土溶浸采矿正压系统的地质分类与开采技术[J].稀土,2010,31(2):75-79.Yuan C L.Leaching mining positive pressure systems geological classification and corresponding mining technology of Chinese nanling illuviation rare earth[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2010,31(2):75-79.
[3]李春.原地浸矿新工艺在离子型稀土矿的推广应用[J].有色金属科学与工程,2011,2(1):63-67.Li C.Promotion and application of in-situ leaching technique in ion type rare earth ores[J].Science and Engineering of Nonferous Mrtals,2011,2(1):63-67.
[4]吴爱祥,尹升华,李建锋.离子型稀土矿原地溶浸溶浸液渗流规律的影响因素[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2005,36(3):506-510.Wu A X,Yin S H,Li J F.Influential factors of permeability rule of leaching solution in ion-absorbed rare earth deposits with in-situ leaching[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology(Science and Technology),2005,36(3):506-510.
[5]安莲英,殷辉安,唐明林.溶浸开采深埋藏杂卤石可行性及溶浸动力学模拟[J].地质学报,2010,84(11):1690-1696.An L Y,Yin H A,Tang M L.Feasibility study of leaching mining of deeply buried polyhalite and kinetic leaching modeling[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2010,84(11):1690-1696.
[6]梁卫国,赵阳升,徐素国,等.原位溶浸采矿理论研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2012,43(3):382-387.Lian W G,Zhao Y S,Xu S G,et al.Theoretical study of in-situ solution mining[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2012,43(3):382-387.
[7]叶勇军,丁德馨,李广悦,等.堆浸铀矿堆液体饱和渗流规律的研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(8):2243-2248.Ye Y J,Ding D X,Li G Y,et al.Regularities for liquid saturated seepage in uranium ore heap for heap leaching[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(8):2243-2248.
[8]李青松,吴爱祥,姜立春.堆中布液浸出高泥矿堆的机理研究[J].矿冶工程,2003,23(2):23-26.Li Q S,Wu A X,Jiang L C.Study on the mechanism of heap leaching of high-clay ore heaps with heap inside solution distribution[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2003,23(2):23-26.
[9]赖兆添,姚渝州.采用原地浸矿工艺的风化壳淋积型稀土矿山“三率”问题的探讨[J].稀土,2010,31(2):86-88.Lai Z T,Yao Y Z.Discussion on extraction rate,ore-dilution rate and ore-dressing recovery in weathered crustleaching rare earth mines with in-situ leaching mining technology[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2010,31(2):86-88.
[10]王观石,邓旭,胡世丽,等.非达西渗流条件下的单孔注液强度计算模型[J].矿冶工程,2015,35(3):4-8,13Wang G S,Deng X,Hu S L,et al.A calculation model for intensity of single-hole liquid injection under NonDarcy flow condition[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2015,35(3):4-8,13
[11]张树标,李明才,饶运章,等.离子型稀土原地浸矿采场山体滑坡防控试验研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2015,6(4):116-120.Zhang S B,Li M C,Rao Y Z,et al.On landslide prevention and control of in-situ leaching stope of ion-adsorbed rare earth[J].Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering,2015,6(4):116-120.
[12]汤洵忠,李茂楠,杨殿.离子型稀土矿原地浸析采场滑坡及其对策[J].金属矿山,2000,7:6-8.Tang X Z,Li M N,Yang D.Stope slide in insituleaching of ionic type rare earth ore and its counter-measures[J].Metal Mine,2000,7:6-8.
[13]饶睿,李明才,张树标,等.离子型稀土原地浸矿采场滑坡特征及防控试验研究[J].稀土,2016,37(6):26-31.Rao R,Li M C,Zhang S B,et al.Experimental study on landslide features and countermeasures of in-situ leaching stope of ion-type rare earth mines[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2016,37(6):26-31.
[14]Philip J R.Absorption and infiltration in two-and threedimensional systems[C]//Water in the Unsaturated Zone,Proceedings of the Wageningen Symposium.1966,1:503-516.
[15]雷志栋,杨诗秀,谢森传.土壤水动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1988:87.Lei Z D,Yang S X,Xie S C.Soil Water Hydrodynamics[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1988:87.
[16]吕特,张洁,薛建峰,等.Green-Ampt模型渗透系数取值方法研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(S1):341-345.Lv T,Zhang J,Xue J F,et al.Determining permeability coefficient of Green-Ampt model for infiltration analysis[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(S1):341-345.