深部煤层封存CO_2过程中的煤基质溶胀效应
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摘要
强化煤层气甲烷(CH4)采收率的深部煤层封存二氧化碳(CO2)技术能够将主要人为温室气体(CO2)进行有效的地质存储。考虑到CO2流体和煤体的自身特性,封存过程中的CO2流体将会诱导煤基质发生溶胀效应。溶胀效应将会对煤层封存CO2技术构成潜在的影响。为此,本文结合国内外相关研究工作,归纳了流体诱导煤基质溶胀的规律,指出了煤基质溶胀对煤层封存CO2过程的影响,介绍了流体诱导煤基质溶胀的分析手段,提出了封存过程中煤基质溶胀的研究趋势。分析表明:1煤基质溶胀程度与流体种类、压力、温度和煤的变质程度有关;2CO2诱导煤基质溶胀效应将会降低煤层的渗透性能,进而影响CO2等流体在煤层内部的有效运移;3溶胀效应会影响煤层的CO2封存性能,建立涉及溶胀效应的煤吸附理论模型是溶胀效应研究的重要课题;4煤基质溶胀机理及其可逆性能研究目前存在争议,研究人员需要从煤体理化结构的研究出发以明确上述问题。
Carbon dioxide(CO2) sequestration in deep coal seams with enhanced coal-bed methane(CH4) recovery(CO2-ECBM) can store the main anthropogenic greenhouse gas(CO2) in geological time. In consideration of the properties of both CO2 and coal,swelling effect induced by CO2 will occur during the sequestration process. The swelling effect can show negative effect on CO2 sequestration in coal seams. Therefore, the recent research progress in coal swelling during sequestration process has been summarized. The effects of fluid on coal swelling were concluded,and the influences of coal swelling on sequestration process were analyzed. The analytical methods for coal swelling were provided and the future trends of coal matrix swelling during CO2 sequestration in deep coal seams were also pointed out. The results indicate that coal swelling is related to fluid type,pressure,temperature and degree of coalification. Coal matrix swelling can decrease the permeability in coal seams and further affect fluid transport within the reservoir. Swelling can also change the CO2 sequestration capability,thus establishment of coal adsorption model incorporation the swelling effect is of importance. Furthermore,there are still disagreements on the mechanism and reversibility of coal matrix swelling and the investigations on the coal physico-chemical structure will be helpful to address the above-mentioned problems.
Carbon dioxide(CO2) sequestration in deep coal seams with enhanced coal-bed methane(CH4) recovery(CO2-ECBM) can store the main anthropogenic greenhouse gas(CO2) in geological time. In consideration of the properties of both CO2 and coal,swelling effect induced by CO2 will occur during the sequestration process. The swelling effect can show negative effect on CO2 sequestration in coal seams. Therefore, the recent research progress in coal swelling during sequestration process has been summarized. The effects of fluid on coal swelling were concluded,and the influences of coal swelling on sequestration process were analyzed. The analytical methods for coal swelling were provided and the future trends of coal matrix swelling during CO2 sequestration in deep coal seams were also pointed out. The results indicate that coal swelling is related to fluid type,pressure,temperature and degree of coalification. Coal matrix swelling can decrease the permeability in coal seams and further affect fluid transport within the reservoir. Swelling can also change the CO2 sequestration capability,thus establishment of coal adsorption model incorporation the swelling effect is of importance. Furthermore,there are still disagreements on the mechanism and reversibility of coal matrix swelling and the investigations on the coal physico-chemical structure will be helpful to address the above-mentioned problems.
引文
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[5]Zhang D F,Cui Y J,Liu B,et al.Supercritical pure methane and CO2 adsorption on various rank coals of China:Experiments and modeling[J].Energy&Fuels,2011,25(4):1891-1899.
[6]Pini R,Ottiger S,Burlini L,et al.Sorption of carbon dioxide,methane and nitrogen in dry coals at high pressure and moderate temperature[J].International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control,2010,4(1):90-101.
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[8]Kim H J,Shi Y,He J,et al.Adsorption characteristics of CO2 and CH4 on dry and wet coal from subcritical to supercritical conditions[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2011,171(1):45-53.
[9]Kurniawan Y,Bhatia S K,Rudolph V.Simulation of binary mixture adsorption of methane and CO2 at supercritical conditions in carbons[J].AICh E Journal,2006,52(3):957-967.
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[13]Charrière D,Pokryszka Z,Behra P.Effect of pressure and temperature on diffusion of CO2 and CH4 into coal from the Lorraine basin(France)[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2010,81(4):373-380.
[14]Vandamme M,Brochard L,Lecampion B,et al.Adsorption and strain:The CO2-induced swelling of coal[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,2010,58(10):1489-1505.
[15]Kiyama T,Nishimoto S,Fujioka M,et al.Coal swelling strain and permeability change with injecting liquid/supercritical CO2 and N2 at stress-constrained conditions[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2011,85(1):56-64.
[16]Mazumder S,Wolf K H.Differential swelling and permeability change of coal in response to CO2 injection for ECBM[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2008,74(2):123-138.
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[22]van Heek K H.Progress of coal science in the 20th century[J].Fuel,2000,79(1):1-26.
[23]袁明,蔺华林,李克健.煤结构模型及其研究方法[J].洁净煤技术,2013,19(2):42-46.
[24]Zhang J,Chen P C,Yuan B K,et al.Real-space identification of intermolecular bonding with atomic force microscopy[J].Science,2013,342(6158):611-614.
[25]Mazzotti M,Pini R,Storti G.Enhanced coalbed methane recovery[J].The Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2009,47(3):619-627.
[26]van Bergen F,Hol S,Spiers C.Stress-strain response of pre-compacted granular coal samples exposed to CO2,CH4,He and Ar[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2011,86(2-3):241-253.
[27]Pini R,Ottiger S,Burlini L,et al.Role of adsorption and swelling on the dynamics of gas injection in coal[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2009,114(B4):B04203.1-B04203.14.
[28]Pan Z J,Connell L D.Modelling of anisotropic coal swelling and its impact on permeability behaviour for primary and enhanced coalbed methane recovery[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2011,85(3-4):257-267.
[29]Ottiger S,Pini R,Storti G,et al.Competitive adsorption equilibria of CO2 and CH4 on a dry coal[J].Adsorption,2008,14(4):539-556.
[30]Ottiger S,Pini R,Storti G,et al.Adsorption of pure carbon dioxide and methane on dry coal from the Sulcis Coal Province(SW Sardinia,Italy)[J].Environmental Progress,2006,25(4):355-364.
[31]Mohammad S,Fitzgerald J,Robinson R L,et al.Experimental uncertainties in volumetric methods for measuring equilibrium adsorption[J].Energy&Fuels,2009,23(5):2810-2820.
[32]Reucroft P J,Patel H.Gas-induced swelling in coal[J].Fuel,1986,65(6):816-820.
[33]Lucht L,Peppas N,Blaustein B,et al.New approaches in coal chemistry[C]//ACS Symposium Series.1981.
[34]Poling B E,Prausnitz J M,O’Connll J P.气液物性估算手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[35]Barton A F M.CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters[M].Florida:CRC Press,1983.
[36]Day S,Fry R,Sakurovs R.Swelling of Australian coals in supercritical CO2[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2008,74(1):41-52.
[37]Vishal V,Ranjith P G,Singh T N.CO2 permeability of Indian bituminous coals:Implications for carbon sequestration[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2013,105:36-47.
[38]Anggara F,Sasaki K,Rodrigues S,et al.The effect of megascopic texture on swelling of a low rank coal in supercritical carbon dioxide[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2014,125:45-56.
[39]Cui X J,Bustin R M,Chikatamarla L.Adsorption-induced coal swelling and stress:Implications for methane production and acid gas sequestration into coal seams[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2007,112(B10):1-16.
[40]Levine J R.Model study of the influence of matrix shrinkage on absolute permeability of coal bed reservoirs[J].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,1996,109(1):197-212.
[41]Hol S,Spiers C J.Competition between adsorption-induced swelling and elastic compression of coal at CO2 pressures up to 100MPa[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,2012,60(11):1862-1882.
[42]Sakurovs R.Relationships between CO2 sorption capacity by coals as measured at low and high pressure and their swelling[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,90:156-161.
[43]Briggs H,Sinha R P.Expansion and contraction of coal caused respectively by the sorption and discharge of gas[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,1933,53:48-53.
[44]Day S,Fry R,Sakurovs R,et al.Swelling of coals by supercritical gases and its relationship to sorption[J].Energy&Fuels,2010,24(4):2777-2783.
[45]Staib G,Sakurovs R,Gray E M.Kinetics of coal swelling in gases:Influence of gas pressure,gas type and coal type[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2014,132:117-122.
[46]Majewska Z,Majewski S,Zietek J.Swelling of coal induced by cyclic sorption/desorption of gas:Experimental observations indicating changes in coal structure due to sorption of CO2 and CH4[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2010,83(4):475-483.
[47]Yu J L,Strezov V,Lucas J,et al.Swelling behaviour of individual coal particles in the single particle reactor[J].Fuel,2003,82(15-17):1977-1987.
[48]Reucroft P J,Sethuraman A R.Effect of pressure on carbon dioxide induced coal swelling[J].Energy&Fuels,1987,1(1):72-75.
[49]van Bergen F,Spiers C,Floor G,et al.Strain development in unconfined coals exposed to CO2,CH4 and Ar:Effect of moisture[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2009,77(1):43-53.
[50]Day S,Fry R,Sakurovs R.Swelling of moist coal in carbon dioxide and methane[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2011,86(2-3):197-203.
[51]Zar?bska K,Ceglarska-Stefańska G.The change in effective stress associated with swelling during carbon dioxide sequestration on natural gas recovery[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2008,74(3-4):167-174.
[52]Day S,Fry R,Sakurovs R.Swelling of coal in carbon dioxide,methane and their mixtures[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,93:40-48.
[53]Zhang D F,Gu L L,Li S G,et al.Interactions of supercritical CO2with coal[J].Energy&Fuels,2013,27(1):387-393.
[54]Busch A,Gensterblum Y,Krooss B M.Methane and CO2 sorption and desorption measurements on dry Argonne premium coals:Pure components and mixtures[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2003,55(2-4):205-224.
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