2018年隆昌市病原学阳性肺结核患者登记发病情况分析
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摘要
目的通过分析隆昌市2018年病原学阳性肺结核的登记发病情况,为肺结核的防治提供参考依据。方法运用描述性和空间流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2018年共登记报告除单纯结核性胸膜炎外肺结核289例,病原学阳性肺结核142例,病原学阳性率49. 13%,痰涂片阳性占89. 44%。发病高峰时间在8月,年龄高峰在45～55岁年龄段;报告发病率最高为李市镇(42. 09/10万);男女性别比为5. 76∶1;职业分布以农民为主(81. 69%);初治耐药率为10. 92%,复治耐药率为21. 43%,总耐药率为11. 38%。结论隆昌市肺结核人群病原学阳性率以痰涂片阳性为主,传染性大,耐药率低于四川平均水平,防控应加强宣传,提高中老年男性自我防护意识,缩短确诊时间,推广使用固定剂量复合制剂,减少耐药。
Objective To analyze registered cases of tuberculosis with positive etiology in Longchang City in2018 so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Methods Data were analyzed by descriptive and spatial epidemiological methods. Results In 2018,289 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis other than simple tuberculous pleurisy were registered,including 142( 49. 13%) cases of tuberculosis with positive etiology. Sputum smear positive cases accounted for 89. 44 %. The peak of onset occurred in August,and the peak age was 45-55 years. The highest incidence rate was found in Lishi town( 42. 09/105). The male-to-female ratio was 5. 76. Peasants accounted for the majority( 81. 69%) of patients. The resistance rate to initial treatment was 10. 92%. The resistance rate to retreatment was 21. 43%. And the total resistance rate was 11. 38%. Conclusion Sputum smear positive cases account for the majority of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with positive etiology in Longchang city. The infectivity is great,and the drug resistance rate is lower than the average level in Sichuan. In prevention and control,propaganda should be enhanced to improve the self-protection consciousness of middle-aged and aged people,shorten the diagnosis time,and promote the use of fixed-dose compound agents to reduce drug resistance.
Objective To analyze registered cases of tuberculosis with positive etiology in Longchang City in2018 so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Methods Data were analyzed by descriptive and spatial epidemiological methods. Results In 2018,289 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis other than simple tuberculous pleurisy were registered,including 142( 49. 13%) cases of tuberculosis with positive etiology. Sputum smear positive cases accounted for 89. 44 %. The peak of onset occurred in August,and the peak age was 45-55 years. The highest incidence rate was found in Lishi town( 42. 09/105). The male-to-female ratio was 5. 76. Peasants accounted for the majority( 81. 69%) of patients. The resistance rate to initial treatment was 10. 92%. The resistance rate to retreatment was 21. 43%. And the total resistance rate was 11. 38%. Conclusion Sputum smear positive cases account for the majority of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with positive etiology in Longchang city. The infectivity is great,and the drug resistance rate is lower than the average level in Sichuan. In prevention and control,propaganda should be enhanced to improve the self-protection consciousness of middle-aged and aged people,shorten the diagnosis time,and promote the use of fixed-dose compound agents to reduce drug resistance.
引文
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[10]夏岚,张佩如,饶正远,等.四川省6158例涂阳肺结核患者耐药检测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(8):692-696.
[11]刘年强,古丽娜·巴德尔汗,赵珍,等.复治涂阳肺结核病病人耐药及影响因素分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2018,33(6):28-30.
[12]应潜,黄文辉,陈小菁,等. 282例肺结核患者结核分枝杆菌耐药基线调查及耐多药结核病影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(19):3597-3600,3604.
[13]王丹霞,何金戈,夏勇,等.利用空间自回归模型分析四川省肺结核登记率影响因素[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(7):987-992.
[14]王晓萌,彭颖,沈鑫,等.结核病主动筛查策略分析[C]//全国寄生虫病高峰论坛暨2016年浙江省热带病与寄生虫病学术年会论文汇编. 2016.
[15]曹维宁,沈丽燕.健康教育对肺结核患者用药依从性影响分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(3):387-389.
[2]国务院办公厅.《“十三五”全国结核病防治规划》[Z]. 2017-01-16.
[3]刘俊伟,黄东云,叶勇,等. 2005-2016年普洱市肺结核流行特征分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(9):1209-1213.
[4]王忠东.基于空间点模式分析的青岛市结核病时空流行病学研究[D].济南:山东大学,2010.
[5]朱道建,许婕,陈志华,等. 2008-2012年扬州市初治涂阳肺结核疫情流行病学分析[J].江苏预防医学,2014,25(4):13-15.
[6]陶勇.镇结核病疫情分析及其风险与吸烟的相关性研究[J].中国医药指南,2014,12(6):72-72.
[7]罗琼梅,吴学林,江素宏,等. 2004-2017年楚雄彝族自治州肺结核流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(20):3671-3675.
[8]赵秀秀,徐凌忠,郭振,等.肺结核患者确诊延迟及影响因素分析[J].山东大学学报(医学版),2012,50(11):122-125.
[9]娄泉伟,陈洁颖,葛阳.肺结核患者就诊与确诊延迟因素研究[J].浙江预防医学,2015,27(9):889-892,896.
[10]夏岚,张佩如,饶正远,等.四川省6158例涂阳肺结核患者耐药检测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(8):692-696.
[11]刘年强,古丽娜·巴德尔汗,赵珍,等.复治涂阳肺结核病病人耐药及影响因素分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2018,33(6):28-30.
[12]应潜,黄文辉,陈小菁,等. 282例肺结核患者结核分枝杆菌耐药基线调查及耐多药结核病影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(19):3597-3600,3604.
[13]王丹霞,何金戈,夏勇,等.利用空间自回归模型分析四川省肺结核登记率影响因素[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(7):987-992.
[14]王晓萌,彭颖,沈鑫,等.结核病主动筛查策略分析[C]//全国寄生虫病高峰论坛暨2016年浙江省热带病与寄生虫病学术年会论文汇编. 2016.
[15]曹维宁,沈丽燕.健康教育对肺结核患者用药依从性影响分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(3):387-389.