集中驱动式电动物流车质量比对车辆垂向性能的影响
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摘要
为分析集中驱动式电动物流车质量比对车辆垂向性能的影响,基于某电动物流车整车动力学模型,以车辆动力电池和电机质量作为变量,采用均方根值和频域分析法,研究簧上与簧下部分质量比变化下车辆各垂向性能指标的变化趋势和质量匹配的有利区域,以及车轮相对动载荷和电机垂向振动的幅频特性。并在综合分析质量比与阻尼比和刚度比对整车垂向性能影响的基础上,提出集中驱动式电动物流车悬架阻尼比和刚度比的选取原则。研究表明,增大质量比能够有效的改善整车动态特性,但会加剧驱动电机的垂向振动,为电动物流车动力电池和电机质量的匹配设计以及悬架阻尼比和刚度比的选取提供指导。
In order to analyze the influence of mass ratio on the vertical performance of central-driven electric logistics vehicle, based on the dynamic model of an electric logistics vehicle, taking its power battery and motor mass as variables and using root-mean-squares(RMS) value and frequency domain analysis methods, we study the change trend of the vertical performance index of the vehicle, the favorable area of the quality match, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the relative dynamic load of the wheel and the vertical vibration of the motor. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the effects of mass ratios including damping ratio and stiffness ratio on the vertical performance of the vehicle, we present the selection principle of the suspension damping ratio and stiffness ratio of the central-driven electric logistics vehicle. The study results show that increasing the mass ratio can effectively improve the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle but aggravates the vertical vibration of its power motor, thus providing theoretical guidance for the matching design of power battery and motor mass and for the selection of suspension damping ratio and stiffness ratio of the electric logistics vehicle.
In order to analyze the influence of mass ratio on the vertical performance of central-driven electric logistics vehicle, based on the dynamic model of an electric logistics vehicle, taking its power battery and motor mass as variables and using root-mean-squares(RMS) value and frequency domain analysis methods, we study the change trend of the vertical performance index of the vehicle, the favorable area of the quality match, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the relative dynamic load of the wheel and the vertical vibration of the motor. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the effects of mass ratios including damping ratio and stiffness ratio on the vertical performance of the vehicle, we present the selection principle of the suspension damping ratio and stiffness ratio of the central-driven electric logistics vehicle. The study results show that increasing the mass ratio can effectively improve the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle but aggravates the vertical vibration of its power motor, thus providing theoretical guidance for the matching design of power battery and motor mass and for the selection of suspension damping ratio and stiffness ratio of the electric logistics vehicle.
引文
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[2] 张仲石,王丽芳,张俊智.基于电动汽车半轴特性的电液复合制动协调控制方法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(11):189-197Zhang Z S, Wang L F, Zhang J Z. The effect of half-shaft properties on regenerative and hydraulic blended braking control for electric vehicles[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017,32(11):189-197 (in Chinese)
[3] 童炜,侯之超.轮毂驱动电动汽车垂向特性与电机振动分析[J].汽车工程,2014,36(4):398-403,425Tong W, Hou Z C. Analyses on the vertical characteristics and motor vibration of an electric vehicle with motor-in-wheel drive[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2014,36(4):398-403,425 (in Chinese)
[4] 钟银辉,李以农,杨超,等.基于主动悬架控制轮边驱动电动车垂向振动研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(11):242-247Zhong Y H, Li Y N, Yang C, et al. Vertical vibration of in-wheel motor electric vehicles based on active suspension control[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017,36(11):242-247 (in Chinese)
[5] 吴光强,张瑛,郭强.考虑转矩波动的电动汽车舒适性稳健性优化[J].汽车技术,2016(1):13-18Wu G Q, Zhang Y, Guo Q. Robust optimization of electric vehicle′s ride comfort with consideration of torque fluctuation[J]. Automobile Technology, 2016(1):13-18 (in Chinese)
[6] 徐广徽,李以农,王艳阳,等.轮边驱动电动汽车垂向振动负效应分析及吸振器设计[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(11):1744-1749Xu G H, Li Y N, Wang Y Y, et al. Analysis on vertical vibration negative influences of in-wheel motor electric vehicle and shock absorber design[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 2015,34(11):1744-1749 (in Chinese)
[7] 陈辛波,王叶枫,王威,等.基于齿轮连杆的新型动力吸振式轮边电驱动系统研究与设计[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(18):46-51Chen X B, Wang Y F, Wang W, et al. Analysis and design of a new type of close wheel drive system based on gear-linkage and using motor as dynamic absorber[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016,35(18):46-51 (in Chinese)
[8] Li G X, Wang T. Influence of long-waved road roughness on fatigue life of dump truck frame[J]. Journal of Vibroengineering, 2014,16(8):3862-3878
[9] Ren H B, Chen S Z, Wu Z C. Model of excitation of random road profile in time domain for a vehicle with four wheels[C]//Proceedings of 2011 International Conference on Mechatronic Science, Electric Engineering and Computer. Jilin, China: IEEE, 2011: 2332-2335
[10] 任宏斌,陈思忠,吴志成.车辆左右车轮路面不平度的时域再现研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2013,33(3):257-259,306Ren H B, Chen S Z, Wu Z C. Time domain excitation model of random road profile for left and right wheels[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2013,33(3):257-259,306 (in Chinese)
[11] 张立军,何辉.车辆行驶动力学理论及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2011Zhang L J, He H. Theory and application of vehicle driving dynamics[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2011 (in Chinese)
[12] 喻凡,林逸.汽车系统动力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005Yu F, Lin Y. Vehicle system dynamics[M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2005 (in Chinese)
[13] 于蓬,陈霏霏,章桐,等.集中驱动式电动车动力总成系统振动特性分析[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(1):44-48,57Yu P, Chen F F, Zhang T, et al. Vibration characteristics analysis of a central-driven electric vehicle powertrain[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2015,34(1):44-48,57 (in Chinese)
[14] Karditsas S, Savaidis G, Malikoutsakis M. Advanced leaf spring design and analysis with respect to vehicle kinematics and durability[J]. International Journal of Structural Integrity, 2015,6(2):243-258
[15] 宋康,陈潇凯,林逸.汽车行驶动力学性能的多目标优化[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2015,45(2):352-357Song K, Chen X K, Lin Y. Multi-objective optimization of vehicle ride dynamic behaviors[J]. Journal of Jilin University: Engineering and Technology Edition, 2015,45(2):352-357 (in Chinese)