大学生性取向变化及其与自杀风险关系的2年随访研究
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摘要
目的:探究大学生性取向变化的分布及其与自杀风险的关系。方法:采用2年期随访追踪法,选取某大学学生3289例,获得有效数据2291例(男生803例,女生1488例);性取向调查(异性恋、同性恋、双性恋或性取向不确定)用于基线测试与2年随访测试,以测量个体性取向类型,自杀行为问卷(SBQ-R)用于随访测试,以测量自杀风险。结果:大学生性取向发生变化者182例(7.9%),其中性少数人群性取向变化的例数多于异性恋人群(χ~2=680.14,P<0.05),女性比男性有更多性取向改变(χ~2=5.74,P<0.05);性取向变化者自杀行为得分高于性取向稳定者[(4.3±2.0)vs.(3.6±1.2),P<0.05]。结论:大学生人群中性少数者或女性更容易发生性取向改变,且性取向变化者存在更高的自杀风险。
Objective: To explore the change of sexual orientation identity and its relationship with suicidal risk among college students. Methods: In this 2-year follow-up study,totally 3289 college students were selected at baseline assessment,in which 2291 being valid samples,including 803 males and 1488 females. Sexual orientation types,including heterosexual,homosexual,bisexual or sexual orientation uncertain,were assessed with the Sexual Orientation Survey,and suicidal risk was assessed with the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire( SBQ-R) at follow-up. Results: A total of 182(7. 9%) students had sexual orientation change,students of sexual minority and females were more likely to change sexual orientation than heterosexual population and males( χ~2 = 680. 14,5. 74,Ps < 0. 05) respectively. Individual who changed sexual orientation identity had higher suicidal risk than those kept stable [(4. 3 ± 2. 0) vs.(3. 6 ± 1. 2),P < 0. 05]. Conclusion: College students of sexual minority and females more likely tend to change their sexual orientation identity after 2 years,and such change may be related to a higher risk of suicide.
Objective: To explore the change of sexual orientation identity and its relationship with suicidal risk among college students. Methods: In this 2-year follow-up study,totally 3289 college students were selected at baseline assessment,in which 2291 being valid samples,including 803 males and 1488 females. Sexual orientation types,including heterosexual,homosexual,bisexual or sexual orientation uncertain,were assessed with the Sexual Orientation Survey,and suicidal risk was assessed with the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire( SBQ-R) at follow-up. Results: A total of 182(7. 9%) students had sexual orientation change,students of sexual minority and females were more likely to change sexual orientation than heterosexual population and males( χ~2 = 680. 14,5. 74,Ps < 0. 05) respectively. Individual who changed sexual orientation identity had higher suicidal risk than those kept stable [(4. 3 ± 2. 0) vs.(3. 6 ± 1. 2),P < 0. 05]. Conclusion: College students of sexual minority and females more likely tend to change their sexual orientation identity after 2 years,and such change may be related to a higher risk of suicide.
引文
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[2]Herbenick D,Reece M,Schick V,et al.Sexual behavior in the United States:results from a national probability sample of men and women ages 14-94[J].J Sex Med,2010,7(s5):255-265.
[3]傅晓龙,苏宁穆其尔,刘安琪,等.大学生对同性恋的认知和态度调查及实质研究[J].中国性科学,2012,21(1):22-28.
[4]刘婉娜,马利军,罗嘉洁.大学生对同性恋内隐及外显态度的比较研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2010,18(12):1494-1496.
[5]胡珊,钟晓妮,文小焱,等.男同性恋与男双性恋HIV阴性者的焦虑抑郁症状特点[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30(3):213-219.
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[14]赵久波.生活意义感及认知因素对医学生自杀意念的影响研究[D].广州:第一军医大学,2006.
[15]Osman A,Bagge CL,Gutierrez PM,et al.The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised(SBQ-R):validation with clinical and nonclinical samples[J].Assessment,2001,8(4):443-454.
[16]Everett B.Sexual orientation identity change and depressive symptoms:a longitudinal analysis[J].J Health Soc Behav,2015,56(1):37-58.
[17]刘颋颋.同性恋者性身份认同的影响因素研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2008.
[18]Mock SE,Eibach RP.Stability and change in sexual orientation identity over a 10-year period in adulthood[J].Arch Sex Behav,2012,41(3):641-648.
[19]Weinberg MS,Williams CJ,Pryor DW.Dual Attraction:Understanding Bisexuality[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1995.
[20]Baumeister RF.Gender differences in erotic plasticity:the female sex drive as socially flexible and responsive[J].Psychol Bull,2000,126(3):385-389.
[21]Ott MQ,Corliss HL,Wypij D,et al.Stability and change in self-reported sexual orientation identity in young people:application of mobility metrics[J].Arch Sex Behav,2011,40(3):519-532.
[22]Diamond LM.Female bisexuality from adolescence to adulthood:results from a 10-year longitudinal study[J].Dev Psychol,2008,44(1):5-14.
[23]王炳芳.大学生社会认知与心理健康相关研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2005.
[24]Thoits PA.On merging ldentity theory and stress research[J].SocPsychol Q,1991,54(2):101-112.
[25]Haslam C,Holme A,Haslam SA,et al.Maintaining group memberships:social identity continuity predicts well-being after stroke[J].Neuropsychol Rehabil,2008,18(5-6):671-691.
[26]杨春潇,张大均,梁英豪,等.大学生社会支持与抑郁情绪关系的meta分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30(12):939-945.
[2]Herbenick D,Reece M,Schick V,et al.Sexual behavior in the United States:results from a national probability sample of men and women ages 14-94[J].J Sex Med,2010,7(s5):255-265.
[3]傅晓龙,苏宁穆其尔,刘安琪,等.大学生对同性恋的认知和态度调查及实质研究[J].中国性科学,2012,21(1):22-28.
[4]刘婉娜,马利军,罗嘉洁.大学生对同性恋内隐及外显态度的比较研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2010,18(12):1494-1496.
[5]胡珊,钟晓妮,文小焱,等.男同性恋与男双性恋HIV阴性者的焦虑抑郁症状特点[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30(3):213-219.
[6]Burton CM,Marshal MP,Chisolm DJ,et al.Sexual minorityrelated victimization as a mediator of mental health disparities in sexual minority youth:a longitudinal analysis[J].J Youth Adolesc,2013,42(3):394-402.
[7]Hammack PL.The life course development of human sexual orientation:An Integrative Paradigm[J].Hum Dev,2005,48(5):267-290.
[8]Rosario M,Hunter J,Maguen S,et al.The coming-out process and its adaptational and health-related associations among gay,lesbian and bisexual youths:stipulation and exploration of a model[J].Am J Community Psychol,2001,29(1):133-160.
[9]Savin-Williams RC,Joyner K,Rieger G.Prevalence and stability of self-reported sexual orientation identity during young adulthood[J].Arch Sex Behav,2012,41(1):103-110.
[10]Katzwise SL.Sexual fluidity in young adult women and men:associations with sexual orientation and sexual identity development[J].Psychol Sexuality,2015,6(2):189-208.
[11]Floyd FJ,Bakeman R.Coming-out across the life course:implications of age and historical context[J].Arch Sex Behav,2006,35(3):287-296.
[12]Rosario M,Schrimshaw EW,Hunter J,et al.Sexual identity development among gay,lesbian and bisexual youths:consistency and change over time[J].J Sex Res,2006,43(1):46-58.
[13]Wichstrom L,Hegna K.Sexual orientation and suicide attempt:a longitudinal study of the general Norwegian adolescent population[J].J Abnorm Psychol,2003,112(1):144-151.
[14]赵久波.生活意义感及认知因素对医学生自杀意念的影响研究[D].广州:第一军医大学,2006.
[15]Osman A,Bagge CL,Gutierrez PM,et al.The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised(SBQ-R):validation with clinical and nonclinical samples[J].Assessment,2001,8(4):443-454.
[16]Everett B.Sexual orientation identity change and depressive symptoms:a longitudinal analysis[J].J Health Soc Behav,2015,56(1):37-58.
[17]刘颋颋.同性恋者性身份认同的影响因素研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2008.
[18]Mock SE,Eibach RP.Stability and change in sexual orientation identity over a 10-year period in adulthood[J].Arch Sex Behav,2012,41(3):641-648.
[19]Weinberg MS,Williams CJ,Pryor DW.Dual Attraction:Understanding Bisexuality[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1995.
[20]Baumeister RF.Gender differences in erotic plasticity:the female sex drive as socially flexible and responsive[J].Psychol Bull,2000,126(3):385-389.
[21]Ott MQ,Corliss HL,Wypij D,et al.Stability and change in self-reported sexual orientation identity in young people:application of mobility metrics[J].Arch Sex Behav,2011,40(3):519-532.
[22]Diamond LM.Female bisexuality from adolescence to adulthood:results from a 10-year longitudinal study[J].Dev Psychol,2008,44(1):5-14.
[23]王炳芳.大学生社会认知与心理健康相关研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2005.
[24]Thoits PA.On merging ldentity theory and stress research[J].SocPsychol Q,1991,54(2):101-112.
[25]Haslam C,Holme A,Haslam SA,et al.Maintaining group memberships:social identity continuity predicts well-being after stroke[J].Neuropsychol Rehabil,2008,18(5-6):671-691.
[26]杨春潇,张大均,梁英豪,等.大学生社会支持与抑郁情绪关系的meta分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30(12):939-945.