贫困地区电子商务发展与农产品网销影响因素研究——以贵州省威宁县“电商扶贫”为例
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摘要
电商扶贫是精准扶贫的重要方式。笔者以贵州省威宁县为研究对象,结合当地电商发展情况,尝试研究分析电商发展中的关键性制约,并提出促进电商产业发展的政策措施。研究运用访谈法、SWOT分析和层次分析法。描述和阐述威宁县电商发展现状和问题,分析内部和外部因素,分析探讨农产品网销的优势、劣势、机会、威胁中各类因素,并借助专家评分和层次分析法计算权重,从而给出策略选择。分析认为:发展电商有利于威宁扶贫减贫,但购销不对称问题是其中不可回避的重要障碍,而跨越这一障碍中威胁影响最大,优势次之,机会再次,劣势影响排在最末。威宁农产品网销可以选取ST战略,发挥优势应对威胁,同时兼顾SO战略。建议威宁在产品"打绿色牌"、降低生产流通成本、营造良好电商环境、推进农村服务体系高端化、发展电商旅游等方面着力。
Poverty alleviation by E-commerce is an important way of accurate poverty alleviation.The authors took Weining County of Guizhou Province as the research object,analyzed the key constraints in the development of E-commerce based on the status of local E-commerce,and put forward the policy measures to promote the development of E-commerce in Weining.Interviewing method,SWOT analysis and analytic hierarchy process were applied in this research,the current situation and problems of E-commerce in Weining were expounded and the internal and external factors were analyzed,strength,weakness,opportunities and threats in agricultural products network marketing were discussed,and by means of experts grading and AHP analysis,the weight of the above factors was calculated,and the strategies of E-commerce development were proposed.The results showed that the development of E-commerce was conducive to poverty alleviation,but the imbalance of purchase and sale was an important and inevitable obstacle.To overcome the obstacle,the factor of threats should be viewed as the biggest impact factor,followed by strength,and the third and fourth were opportunity and weakness.ST strategy could be chosen to promote the agricultural products network marketing in Weining,and the advantages of strength could be taken to resist threats,while taking SO strategy into account.Finally,there were several specific measures as follows: building"green brand",reducing production and circulation costs; creating a better environment of E-commerce; promoting the service system and developing online tourism business.
Poverty alleviation by E-commerce is an important way of accurate poverty alleviation.The authors took Weining County of Guizhou Province as the research object,analyzed the key constraints in the development of E-commerce based on the status of local E-commerce,and put forward the policy measures to promote the development of E-commerce in Weining.Interviewing method,SWOT analysis and analytic hierarchy process were applied in this research,the current situation and problems of E-commerce in Weining were expounded and the internal and external factors were analyzed,strength,weakness,opportunities and threats in agricultural products network marketing were discussed,and by means of experts grading and AHP analysis,the weight of the above factors was calculated,and the strategies of E-commerce development were proposed.The results showed that the development of E-commerce was conducive to poverty alleviation,but the imbalance of purchase and sale was an important and inevitable obstacle.To overcome the obstacle,the factor of threats should be viewed as the biggest impact factor,followed by strength,and the third and fourth were opportunity and weakness.ST strategy could be chosen to promote the agricultural products network marketing in Weining,and the advantages of strength could be taken to resist threats,while taking SO strategy into account.Finally,there were several specific measures as follows: building"green brand",reducing production and circulation costs; creating a better environment of E-commerce; promoting the service system and developing online tourism business.
引文
[1]唐珂.大力推进农业电子商务发展助推精准扶贫精准脱贫[Z].2016全国电商扶贫论坛汇编,2016:12-13.
[2]李逢春,唐端.农产品电商为精准扶贫探路[J].国家治理,2015(33):72-74.
[3]卢迎春,任培星,起建凌.电子商务扶贫的障碍分析[J].农业网络信息,2015(2):27-31.
[4]汪向东.四问电商扶贫[J].甘肃农业,2015(13).18-20.
[5]易义斌,苏宏振,汪燕.农村电子商务扶贫模式初探:基于揭阳市军埔村电商扶贫的调查[J].中国商论,2015(21):73-75.
[6]汪向东,高红冰.电商消贫:贫困地区发展的中国新模式[M].北京:商务印书馆,2016.
[7]宋齐.农村扶贫中政府与农民的合作关系研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2016.
[8]赵禹骅,凌经球.互联网背景下可持续生计资本视角的滇黔桂石漠化片区产业扶贫机制创新研究[J].改革与战略,2015(02):101-107.
[9]王嘉伟.“十三五”时期特困地区电商扶贫现状与模式创新研究[J].农业网络信息,2016(04):17-21.
[10]黄海洲.电商扶贫创新与突破[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2016.
[11]张瑞东,蒋正伟.电商赋能·弱鸟高飞:商消贫报告(2015)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2015.
[12]黄道新.中国农村电子商务案例精选[M].北京:人民出版社,2016.
[13]莫问剑.八万里路云和月:一个国家扶贫开发工作重点县的互联网+[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2015.
[14]王文艳.电商扶贫面临的问题与对策[J].农业与技术,2016,36(11):160-162.
[15]解梅娟.电商扶贫.“互联网+”时代扶贫模式的新探索[J].中共长春市委党校学报,2016(2):12-15.
[16]王云燕.推进“互联网+”背景下赣州实施精准扶贫的路径思考[J].江西农业学报,2016,28(7):138-142.
[17]《中国扶贫开发年鉴》编辑部.中国扶贫开发年鉴[M].北京:团结出版社,2016.
[18]国务院扶贫办社会扶贫司.2016全国电商扶贫论坛汇编[Z].国务院扶贫办社会扶贫司,2016.
[19]滕海峰.甘肃省精准扶贫的实践模式探索[J].甘肃农业,2016(13):10-11.
[20]张彤.试分析“互联网+”电商扶贫模式[J].农业技术与装备,2016(01):36-37.
[21]陈文浩.“互联网+精准扶贫”的实践与探索[J].中国经贸导刊,2016(09):70-71.
[22]陈义欢.甘肃陇南:电商扶贫进行时[J].华夏星火,2015,(9):60-62.
[23]洪涛,张传林.2014—2015年我国农产品电子商务发展报告[N].中国食品报,2015-4-22(002).
[24]吴天来.SWOT分析的改进方法及其在企业战略制定中的应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2007.
[25]杨刚.让黔货“飞”出大山―贵州省供销社深化综合改革成果观察[J].当代贵州,2016(21):34-35.
[2]李逢春,唐端.农产品电商为精准扶贫探路[J].国家治理,2015(33):72-74.
[3]卢迎春,任培星,起建凌.电子商务扶贫的障碍分析[J].农业网络信息,2015(2):27-31.
[4]汪向东.四问电商扶贫[J].甘肃农业,2015(13).18-20.
[5]易义斌,苏宏振,汪燕.农村电子商务扶贫模式初探:基于揭阳市军埔村电商扶贫的调查[J].中国商论,2015(21):73-75.
[6]汪向东,高红冰.电商消贫:贫困地区发展的中国新模式[M].北京:商务印书馆,2016.
[7]宋齐.农村扶贫中政府与农民的合作关系研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2016.
[8]赵禹骅,凌经球.互联网背景下可持续生计资本视角的滇黔桂石漠化片区产业扶贫机制创新研究[J].改革与战略,2015(02):101-107.
[9]王嘉伟.“十三五”时期特困地区电商扶贫现状与模式创新研究[J].农业网络信息,2016(04):17-21.
[10]黄海洲.电商扶贫创新与突破[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2016.
[11]张瑞东,蒋正伟.电商赋能·弱鸟高飞:商消贫报告(2015)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2015.
[12]黄道新.中国农村电子商务案例精选[M].北京:人民出版社,2016.
[13]莫问剑.八万里路云和月:一个国家扶贫开发工作重点县的互联网+[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2015.
[14]王文艳.电商扶贫面临的问题与对策[J].农业与技术,2016,36(11):160-162.
[15]解梅娟.电商扶贫.“互联网+”时代扶贫模式的新探索[J].中共长春市委党校学报,2016(2):12-15.
[16]王云燕.推进“互联网+”背景下赣州实施精准扶贫的路径思考[J].江西农业学报,2016,28(7):138-142.
[17]《中国扶贫开发年鉴》编辑部.中国扶贫开发年鉴[M].北京:团结出版社,2016.
[18]国务院扶贫办社会扶贫司.2016全国电商扶贫论坛汇编[Z].国务院扶贫办社会扶贫司,2016.
[19]滕海峰.甘肃省精准扶贫的实践模式探索[J].甘肃农业,2016(13):10-11.
[20]张彤.试分析“互联网+”电商扶贫模式[J].农业技术与装备,2016(01):36-37.
[21]陈文浩.“互联网+精准扶贫”的实践与探索[J].中国经贸导刊,2016(09):70-71.
[22]陈义欢.甘肃陇南:电商扶贫进行时[J].华夏星火,2015,(9):60-62.
[23]洪涛,张传林.2014—2015年我国农产品电子商务发展报告[N].中国食品报,2015-4-22(002).
[24]吴天来.SWOT分析的改进方法及其在企业战略制定中的应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2007.
[25]杨刚.让黔货“飞”出大山―贵州省供销社深化综合改革成果观察[J].当代贵州,2016(21):34-35.