电解铝用高效感应滤波整流供电系统分析
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摘要
电解铝整流供电系统会产生大量的谐波与无功,不仅造成严重的电能质量问题,同时影响系统的运行效率。针对电解铝整流供电系统供电电压高、容量超大、整流变压器阀侧绕组电压低电流超大等特点,提出了一种适用于电解铝的新型感应滤波整流供电系统。相比传统整流供电系统,新系统在改善电能质量的同时,能够有效地缩短谐波及无功的流通路径,从而达到节能降耗的目的。新系统具有特殊的拓扑结构,并且为实现感应滤波技术,整流变压器的滤波绕组等值漏阻抗设计为零。理论分析了新系统的谐波传递特性和无功补偿特性。给出了样机试验分析,测试结果验证了理论分析的正确性,说明新型电解铝整流供电系统在谐波抑制、无功补偿以及节能等方面所具有的优势。
A lot of harmonics and reactive powers which lead to various power quality problems and greatly reduce the system's operating efficiency are produced in the rectifier power supply system for electrolytic aluminium. According to the characteristics of the rectifier power supply system for electrolytic aluminum including high supply voltage,super large capacity,and low voltage and very big current at the valve side of the rectifier transformer,a new rectifier power supply system based on inductive filtering method suitable for electrolytic aluminum was presented. Compared with the traditional rectifier power supply system,in the new system,not only the power quality is improved,but also the flowing path of the harmonics and reactive powers is reduced,so energy-saving is achieved. The new system has a special topology and the filtering winding's leakage impedance of the rectifier transformer is designed to zero for implementation of the inductive filtering technology. Some characteristics are theoretically analyzed including harmonic transfer and reactive power compensation. The test results not only verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis but also illustrate that the new rectifier power supply system has some superiority in harmonic suppression,reactive power compensation and energy saving.
A lot of harmonics and reactive powers which lead to various power quality problems and greatly reduce the system's operating efficiency are produced in the rectifier power supply system for electrolytic aluminium. According to the characteristics of the rectifier power supply system for electrolytic aluminum including high supply voltage,super large capacity,and low voltage and very big current at the valve side of the rectifier transformer,a new rectifier power supply system based on inductive filtering method suitable for electrolytic aluminum was presented. Compared with the traditional rectifier power supply system,in the new system,not only the power quality is improved,but also the flowing path of the harmonics and reactive powers is reduced,so energy-saving is achieved. The new system has a special topology and the filtering winding's leakage impedance of the rectifier transformer is designed to zero for implementation of the inductive filtering technology. Some characteristics are theoretically analyzed including harmonic transfer and reactive power compensation. The test results not only verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis but also illustrate that the new rectifier power supply system has some superiority in harmonic suppression,reactive power compensation and energy saving.
引文
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[2]王竹荣,崔杜武,张毅坤,等.基于遗传算法的整流变压器的优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(5):6.WANG Zhurong,CUI Duwu,ZHANG Yikun,et al.Optimization design based on genetic algorithm forrectifier transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2004,19(5):6.
[3]王竹荣.遗传算法及其在特种变压器优化设计中的应用研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2005.
[4]刘忏斌,冯公伟,崔督普,等.硅整流所电力设计[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1983:497-611.
[5]QIAO Shutong,JIANG Jiangguo,ZUO Dongsheng,et al.A novel control scheme of 230 k A DC power source using thyristor phaseshifting rectifier transformer and on-load tap changer[C].Shanghai:IEEE,2006.
[6]张洪,张明.220 k V大型电解铝整流变压器概论[J].变压器,2000,37(2):1.ZHANG Hong,ZHANG Ming.Summary on 220 k V large electrolytic aluminium rectifier transformers[J].Transformer,2000,37(2):1.
[7]张洪.220 k V直降式有载调压整流变压器(上)[J].变压器,2006,43(4):1.ZHANG Hong.220 k V direct step-Down rectifier auto-transformer with on-load tap-changer(part one)[J].Transformer,2006,43(4):1.
[8]吴隆辉,桌放,张鹏博,等.一种用于配电系统谐振抑制及谐波治理的新型PAPF控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(27):70.WU Longhui,ZHUO Fang,ZHANG Pengbo,et al.A novel control method of PAPF for resonance damping and harmonics compensation in power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(27):70.
[9]冯宝,樊强,易浩勇,等.基于三线性分解的电力系统谐波与间谐波参数估计算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(25):173.FENG Bao,FAN Qiang,YI Haoyong,et al.A harmonic and interharmonic parameter estimation algorithm of electric power system based on tri-linear decomposition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(25):173.
[10]何正友,胡海涛,方雷,等.高速铁路牵引供电系统谐波及其传输特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(16):55.HE Zhengyou,HU Haitao,FANG Lei,et al.Research on the harmonic in high-speed railway traction power supply system and its transmission characteristic[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(16):55.
[11]SHAO Pengfei,LUO Longfu,LI Yong,et al.Electromagnetic vibration analysis of the winding of a new HVDC converter transformer[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(1):123.
[12]Forrest J A C,Allard B.Thermal problems caused by harmonic frequency leakage fluxes in three-phase three-winding converter transformers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004,19(1):208.
[13]周伟,李岩,井永腾,等.换流变压器谐波损耗的计算与分析[J].高压电器,2012,48(8):18.ZHOU Wei,LI Yan,JING Yongteng,et al.Research and analysis of harmonics loss in converter transformer[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(8):18.
[14]李勇.感应滤波理论及其在直流输电系统中的应用研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2011.
[15]LUO Longfu,LI Yong,XU Jiazhu,et al.A new converter transformer and a corresponding inductive filtering method for HVDC transmission system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2008,23(3):1426.
[16]LI Yong,LUO Longfu,Rehtanz C,et al.An industrial DC power supply system based on an inductive filtering method[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(2):714.
[17]王灿,罗隆福,李勇,等.新型高效工业整流机组的运行特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(18):81.WANG Can,LUO Longfu,LI Yong,et al.Analysis on operating characteristics of a novel efficient industrial rectifier unit[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(18):81.
[18]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000:67-70.
[19]崔立君.特种变压器理论与设计[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1995:238-239.
[20]路长柏,郭振岩.电力变压器理论与计算[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2007:199-200.