一种新的三绕组自耦变压器的非线性建模
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摘要
自耦变压器的精确建模在分析变压器运行于磁饱和区域的特性时至关重要。从单相三绕组自耦变压器的电磁关系入手,推导出折算到高压侧的三绕组自耦变压器的等效电路。给出模型中的线性绕组漏阻抗参数和非线性激磁阻抗参数的计算方法,并详细介绍了利用磁等值回路图得到激磁电抗非线性电感的方法。然后给出了利用JA磁滞模型编程实现非线性电感的方法。最后通过FORTRAN语言在PSCAD中搭建三绕组自耦变压器模型。仿真结果验证了所建模型能够准确地反映自耦变压器的非线性特性。
The precise autotransformer model is crucial to analyze the characteristics of the transformer in the magnetic saturation region. In this paper, starting from the electromagnetic relationship of the single-phase three-winding autotransformer, the equivalent circuit of three-winding autotransformer converted to the high voltage side is derived. Then, the calculation method of linear winding leakage impedance parameter and nonlinear excitation impedance parameter is given. And the method of obtaining the nonlinear inductance of magnetizing reactance by using the magnetic equivalent circuit is introduced in detail. Then the method of using JA hysteresis model to realize the nonlinear inductance is given. Finally, a three-winding autotransformer model is built in PSCAD by FORTRAN language. The simulation results verify that the proposed model can accurately reflect the nonlinear characteristics of the autotransformer.
The precise autotransformer model is crucial to analyze the characteristics of the transformer in the magnetic saturation region. In this paper, starting from the electromagnetic relationship of the single-phase three-winding autotransformer, the equivalent circuit of three-winding autotransformer converted to the high voltage side is derived. Then, the calculation method of linear winding leakage impedance parameter and nonlinear excitation impedance parameter is given. And the method of obtaining the nonlinear inductance of magnetizing reactance by using the magnetic equivalent circuit is introduced in detail. Then the method of using JA hysteresis model to realize the nonlinear inductance is given. Finally, a three-winding autotransformer model is built in PSCAD by FORTRAN language. The simulation results verify that the proposed model can accurately reflect the nonlinear characteristics of the autotransformer.
引文
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[13]章彬,伍国兴,黄炜昭,等.一种新的变压器磁路到电路的转换模型及多种方法的统一[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(14):128-135.ZHANG Bin,WU Guoxing,HUANG Weizhao,et al.Anew conversion model of transformer from magnetic circuit to electric circuit and the unification of various methods[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(14):128-135.
[14]刘海军,李刚,王志凯,等.面向中高压智能配电网的电力电子变压器建模方法与控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(2):85-93.LIU Haijun,LI Gang,WANG Zhikai,et al.Research on medium and high-voltage smart distribution grid oriented power electronic transformer modeling and control strategies[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(2):85-93.
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[17]郑涛,韩东伟,朱先启,等.直流偏磁条件下变压器的建模及励磁特性研究[J].现代电力,2013,30(1):36-41.ZHENG Tao,HAN Dongwei,ZHU Xianqi,et al.Research on the modeling and excitation on characteristics of the transformer under DC bias[J].Modern Electric Power,2013,30(1):36-41.
[18]戴魏,郑玉平,白亮亮,等.保护用电流互感器传变特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(19):46-54.DAI Wei,ZHENG Yuping,BAI Liangliang,et al.Analysis of protective current transformer transient response[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(19):46-54.
[19]皇甫成,魏远航,钟连宏,等.基于对偶性原理的三相多芯柱变压器暂态模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(3):83-88.HUANG Fucheng,WEI Yuanhang,ZHONG Lianhong,et al.A transient model of three phase multi-legged transformer based on duality theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(3):83-88.
[20]杨晓辉,王丰华,段若晨,等.500 kV电力变压器直流偏磁耐受性能的仿真研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(14):60-66.YANG Xiaohui,WANG Fenghua,DUAN Ruochen,et al.Simulation study of DC bias enduring ability of 500 kVpower transformer[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(14):60-66.
[2]岳昊,徐永海,刘颖英,等.特高压交流系统三绕组自耦变压器非线性模型的研究[J].电工电能新技术,2010,29(3):44-48,53.YUE Hao,XU Yonghai,LIU Yingying,et al.Study of nonlinear model of three-winding autotransformer in ultra high voltage AC transmission system[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2010,29(3):44-48,53.
[3]全江涛,谢志成,陈科基,等.特/超高压直流输电系统单极大地回线运行下变压器中性点直流电流分布规律仿真分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):787-793.QUAN Jiangtao,XIE Zhicheng,CHEN Keji,et al.Mechanism analysis and simulation of DC current distribution along transformer neutral point under the condition of UHVDC/HVDC single-pole operation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):787-793.
[4]陈志伟,白保东,陈德志,等.电力变压器直流偏磁现象形成机理及一种抑制措施的研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):208-214.CHEN Zhiwei,BAI Baodong,CHEN Dezhi,et al.Research on the formation mechanism and suppression method of transformer DC bias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):208-214.
[5]童莉.500 kV自耦变压器直流偏磁的仿真研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2008:9-15.DONG Li.Research of DC magnetic bias on 500 k Vauto-transformer[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2008:9-15.
[6]曹楠,王天正,王冬青,等.变压器直流偏磁治理站点选择优化研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):117-122.CAO Nan,WANG Tianzheng,WANG Dongqing,et al.Study on configuration optimization method of transformer magnetic bias treatment[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):117-122.
[7]李发海,朱东起.电机学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:83-85.
[8]白保东,赵晓旋,陈德志,等.基于J-A模型对直流偏磁条件下变压器励磁电流的模拟及实验研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(增刊2):162-166.BAI Baodong,ZHAO Xiaoxuan,CHEN Dezhi,et al.Simulation and experiment research on transformer excitation current under DC magnetic bias based on J-Amodel[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(S2):162-166.
[9]李晓萍,文习山,樊亚东,等.直流入侵三相三柱变压器励磁电流及谐波计算[J].高电压技术,2006,32(5):69-72.LI Xiaoping,WEN Xishan,FAN Yadong,et al.Computation of exciting current and harmonic for three-phase and three limbs transformer under DCinrushing[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006,32(5):69-72.
[10]王燕,皇甫成,赵淑珍,等.考虑铁磁磁滞的变压器励磁涌流仿真分析[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(15):78-83.WANG Yan,HUANGFU Cheng,ZHAO Shuzhen,et al.A simulation study for magnetizing inrush current of transformers on account of ferromagnetic hysteresis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(15):78-83.
[11]王洋,刘志珍.基于JilesAtherton磁滞理论的直流偏磁下铁心损耗预测[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):313-323.WANG Yang,LIU Zhizhen.The forecasting method of core loss under DC bias based on the Jiles Atherton hysteresis theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):313-323.
[12]索南加乐,许立强,焦在滨.三相多芯柱变压器暂态仿真新模型[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(6):57-62.SUONAN Jiale,XU Liqiang,JIAO Zaibin.New transient simulation model of three-phase multi-legged transformer[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(6):57-62.
[13]章彬,伍国兴,黄炜昭,等.一种新的变压器磁路到电路的转换模型及多种方法的统一[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(14):128-135.ZHANG Bin,WU Guoxing,HUANG Weizhao,et al.Anew conversion model of transformer from magnetic circuit to electric circuit and the unification of various methods[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(14):128-135.
[14]刘海军,李刚,王志凯,等.面向中高压智能配电网的电力电子变压器建模方法与控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(2):85-93.LIU Haijun,LI Gang,WANG Zhikai,et al.Research on medium and high-voltage smart distribution grid oriented power electronic transformer modeling and control strategies[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(2):85-93.
[15]林济铿,王超,吕晓艳,等.采用统一磁路及空载试验的变压器饱和模型[J].高电压技术,2011,37(2):422-428.LIN Jikeng,WANG Chao,LüXiaoyan,et al.Saturation model of transformer using unified magnetic equivalent circuit model and no-load experiment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(2):422-428.
[16]WU Yahui,DONG Xinzhou,MIRSAEIDI S.Modeling and simulation of air-gapped current transformer based on Preisach Theory[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):111-121.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0046-0.
[17]郑涛,韩东伟,朱先启,等.直流偏磁条件下变压器的建模及励磁特性研究[J].现代电力,2013,30(1):36-41.ZHENG Tao,HAN Dongwei,ZHU Xianqi,et al.Research on the modeling and excitation on characteristics of the transformer under DC bias[J].Modern Electric Power,2013,30(1):36-41.
[18]戴魏,郑玉平,白亮亮,等.保护用电流互感器传变特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(19):46-54.DAI Wei,ZHENG Yuping,BAI Liangliang,et al.Analysis of protective current transformer transient response[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(19):46-54.
[19]皇甫成,魏远航,钟连宏,等.基于对偶性原理的三相多芯柱变压器暂态模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(3):83-88.HUANG Fucheng,WEI Yuanhang,ZHONG Lianhong,et al.A transient model of three phase multi-legged transformer based on duality theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(3):83-88.
[20]杨晓辉,王丰华,段若晨,等.500 kV电力变压器直流偏磁耐受性能的仿真研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(14):60-66.YANG Xiaohui,WANG Fenghua,DUAN Ruochen,et al.Simulation study of DC bias enduring ability of 500 kVpower transformer[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(14):60-66.