冷轧硅脱氧304不锈钢中氧化物夹杂的演变行为
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摘要
为实现固态钢基体内夹杂物在冷轧过程中的控制,将硅脱氧304不锈钢热轧板经多道次冷轧至不同的厚度,利用扫描电子显微镜对试样内夹杂物在冷轧过程中的演变行为进行了研究。结果表明,硅脱氧304不锈钢内夹杂物的类型主要为低熔点SiO_2-CaO-MnO-Al_2O_3,其在热轧板内的形貌为大尺寸长条状。冷轧时,这些长度为2.0～23.0μm的长条状氧化物夹杂发生断裂,形成多个1.0～3.0μm小尺寸夹杂物。随着冷轧压下量的增加,断裂后形成的夹杂物尺寸逐渐减小。但当夹杂物尺寸降低至约0.5μm时,夹杂物不再发生断裂。同时,断裂后形成的小尺寸夹杂物之间的距离与夹杂物的初始尺寸无关,由冷轧板的伸长率决定。
In order to achieve effective control of inclusions in solid-state steel during cold rolling,the hot rolled plates of 304 stainless steel deoxidized by Si were cold rolled into different thicknesses through multi-pass rolling process,and the deformation of oxide inclusions during cold rolling was investigated by a scanning electron microscope. The experimental results show that the inclusions in Si-killed 304 stainless steel were mainly low melting point SiO_2-CaO-MnOAl_2O_3. The morphology of these inclusions in hot rolled plates were mainly long-strip. During cold rolling process,the long-stripe oxide inclusions with 3.0 to 23.0 μm in length were fractured and changed into finer inclusions with 0.5 to3.0 μm in size. The size of the small fractured particles gradually decreased with increasing cold rolling reduction. When the size of the fractured particles was reduced to about 0.5 μm,the particles were not fractured anymore. The distances among the fractured particles were not concerned with original length of the inclusions,which were determined by the elongation of cold rolled plates.
In order to achieve effective control of inclusions in solid-state steel during cold rolling,the hot rolled plates of 304 stainless steel deoxidized by Si were cold rolled into different thicknesses through multi-pass rolling process,and the deformation of oxide inclusions during cold rolling was investigated by a scanning electron microscope. The experimental results show that the inclusions in Si-killed 304 stainless steel were mainly low melting point SiO_2-CaO-MnOAl_2O_3. The morphology of these inclusions in hot rolled plates were mainly long-strip. During cold rolling process,the long-stripe oxide inclusions with 3.0 to 23.0 μm in length were fractured and changed into finer inclusions with 0.5 to3.0 μm in size. The size of the small fractured particles gradually decreased with increasing cold rolling reduction. When the size of the fractured particles was reduced to about 0.5 μm,the particles were not fractured anymore. The distances among the fractured particles were not concerned with original length of the inclusions,which were determined by the elongation of cold rolled plates.
引文
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[21] Kimura S,Hoshikawa I,Ibaraki N,et al. Fracture behavior of oxide inclusions during rolling and drawing[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagané,2002,88(11):755.
[22] Yamamoto K,Yamamura H,Suwa Y. Behavior of non-metallic inclusions in steel during hot deformation and the effects of deformed inclusions on local ductility[J]. ISIJ International,2011,51(12):1987.
[23] XU G,JIANG Z,LI Y. Formation mechanism of CaS-bearing inclusions and the rolling deformation in Al-killed,low-alloy steel with Ca treatment[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2016,47(4):2411.
[24] YANG W,GUO C,ZHANG L,et al. Evolution of oxide inclusions in Si-Mn killed steels during hot-rolling process[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2017,48(5):2717.
[25] Pickering F B J,Met A. Some influence of mechanical working on the deformation of non-metallic inclusions[J]. J Iron Steel Inst,1958,178(3):148.
[26] Maunder P J H,Charles J A. Behavior of non-metallic inclusions in a 0.2 percent carbon steel ingot during hot rolling[J]. J Iron Steel Inst,1968,206(7):705.
[27] Charles J A,Uchiyama I. Behavior of silicate inclusions in iron during hot rolling[J]. J Iron Steel Inst,1969,207(7):979.
[28] Ekerot S. Behaviour of silicate inclusions in steel during hot working[J]. Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy,1974,3(1):21.
[29] Malkiewicz T,Rudnik S. Deformation of non-metallic inclusions during rolling of steel[J]. Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute,1963,201(1):33.
[30] Kawahara J,Tanabe K,Banno T,et al. Advance of valve spring steel[J]. Wire Journal International(USA),1992,25(11):55.
[31] Luo C,Sta?hlberg U. An alternative way for evaluating the deformation of MnS inclusions in hot rolling of steel[J]. Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy,2002,31(3):184.
[32] Wardle G,Billington J C. Influence of composition and temperature upon relativeplasticity index of silicate inclusions in steel[J]. Metals Technology,1983,10(1):393.
[33] Rudnik S. Discontinuities in hot-rolled steel caused by non-metallic inclusions[J]. J Iron Steel Inst,1966,204(4):374.
[2] Zhang L,Thomas B G. State of the art in evaluation and control of steel cleanliness[J]. ISIJ International,2003,43(3):271.
[3] ZHOU Y T,ZHENG S J,ZHANG B,et al. Atomic scale understanding of the interaction between alloying copper and MnS inclusions in stainless steels in NaCl electrolyte[J]. Corrosion Science,2016,111:414.
[4] Tsutsumi Y,Nishikata A,Tsuru T. Pitting corrosion mechanism of Type 304 stainless steel under a droplet of chloride solutions[J]. Corrosion Science,2007,49(3):1394.
[5]张欣杰,张欢欢,崔利民.奥氏体不锈钢夹杂物控制工艺技术探讨[J].中国冶金,2018,28(1):45.(ZHANG Xin-jie,ZHANG Huan-huan,CUI Li-min. Discussion of austenitic stainless steel inclusion control technology[J]. China Metallurgy,2018,28(1):45.)
[6] Sakata K. Technology for production of austenite type clean stainless steel[J]. ISIJ International,2006,46(12):1795.
[7] Okuyama G,Yamaguchi K,Takeuchi S,et al. Effect of slag composition on the kinetics of formation of Al2O3-MgO inclusions in aluminum killed ferritic stainless steel[J]. ISIJ International,2000,40(2):121.
[8] Suzuki M,Yamaguchi R,Murakami K,et al. Inclusion particle growth during solidification of stainless steel[J]. ISIJ International,2001,41(3):247.
[9] Hojo M,Nakao R,Umezaki T,et al. Oxide inclusion control in ladle and tundish for producing clean stainless steel[J]. ISIJ International,1996,36(S):128.
[10] Todoroki H,Mizuno K. Effect of silica in slag on inclusion compositions in 304 stainless steel deoxidized with aluminum[J]. ISIJ International,2004,44(8):1350.
[11] REN Y,ZHANG L,FANG W,et al. Effect of slag composition on inclusions in Si-deoxidized 18Cr-8Ni stainless steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2016,47(2):1024.
[12] WANG Q,WANG L,ZHAI J,et al. Evolution of inclusions in Fe-13Cr treated by CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-based top slag[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2017,48(1):564.
[13] Cha W Y,Kim D S,Lee Y D,et al. A thermodynamic study on the inclusion formation in ferritic stainless steel melt[J]. ISIJ International,2004,44(7):1134.
[14]喻大刚,陈兴润,程云霞,等.钙处理对430不锈钢板坯夹杂物的影响[J].中国冶金,2017,27(10):15.(YU Da-gang,CHEN Xing-run,CHENG Yun-xia,et al. Effect of calcium treatment on inclusions in 430 stainless steel slabs[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(10):15.)
[15]陈兴润,胡桓彰.中间包覆盖剂对430不锈钢钢水洁净度的影响[J].中国冶金,2017,27(8):36.(CHEN Xing-run,HU Huan-zhang. Effect of tundish fluxes on cleanliness of 430 stainless steel[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(8):36.)
[16]王昆鹏,姜敏,赵昊乾,等.切割丝用盘条非金属夹杂物对比分析[J].钢铁,2016,51(1):33.(WANG Kun-peng,JIANG Min,ZHAO Hao-qian,et al. Contrast on non-metallic inclusions control in wire rods for saw wire[J]. Iron and Steel,2016,51(1):33.)
[17]赵东伟,李海波,高攀,等.非钙处理铝脱氧车轮钢夹杂物形成及变形行为[J].钢铁,2016,51(1):25.(ZHAO Dong-wei,LI Hai-bo,GAO Pan,et al. Inclusions formation and deformation in Al-killed wheel steel without calcium treatment[J]. Iron and Steel,2016,51(1):25.)
[18]续飞飞,程树森.冷轧过程轧板内圆形夹杂物变形[J].中国冶金,2014,24(7):36.(XU Fei-fei,CHENG Shu-sen. Deformation of spherical inclusions in steel sheet during cold rolling process[J]. China Metallurgy,2014,24(7):36.)
[19]陈方,刘建华,王振,等.高级别船板钢轧制过程夹杂物的行为研究[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,25(7):42.(CHEN Fang,LIU Jian-hua,WANG Zhen,et al. Investigation on inclusions behavior of high grade ship plate steel during rolling process[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2013,25(7):42.)
[20]李璟宇,成国光,钱国余,等. 304不锈钢热(冷)轧板表面线缺陷[J].中国冶金,2017,27(1):29.(LI Jing-yu,CHENG Guoguang,QIAN Guo-yu,et al. Line defect on surface of hot(cold)-rolled 304 stainless steel sheet[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(1):29.)
[21] Kimura S,Hoshikawa I,Ibaraki N,et al. Fracture behavior of oxide inclusions during rolling and drawing[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagané,2002,88(11):755.
[22] Yamamoto K,Yamamura H,Suwa Y. Behavior of non-metallic inclusions in steel during hot deformation and the effects of deformed inclusions on local ductility[J]. ISIJ International,2011,51(12):1987.
[23] XU G,JIANG Z,LI Y. Formation mechanism of CaS-bearing inclusions and the rolling deformation in Al-killed,low-alloy steel with Ca treatment[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2016,47(4):2411.
[24] YANG W,GUO C,ZHANG L,et al. Evolution of oxide inclusions in Si-Mn killed steels during hot-rolling process[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2017,48(5):2717.
[25] Pickering F B J,Met A. Some influence of mechanical working on the deformation of non-metallic inclusions[J]. J Iron Steel Inst,1958,178(3):148.
[26] Maunder P J H,Charles J A. Behavior of non-metallic inclusions in a 0.2 percent carbon steel ingot during hot rolling[J]. J Iron Steel Inst,1968,206(7):705.
[27] Charles J A,Uchiyama I. Behavior of silicate inclusions in iron during hot rolling[J]. J Iron Steel Inst,1969,207(7):979.
[28] Ekerot S. Behaviour of silicate inclusions in steel during hot working[J]. Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy,1974,3(1):21.
[29] Malkiewicz T,Rudnik S. Deformation of non-metallic inclusions during rolling of steel[J]. Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute,1963,201(1):33.
[30] Kawahara J,Tanabe K,Banno T,et al. Advance of valve spring steel[J]. Wire Journal International(USA),1992,25(11):55.
[31] Luo C,Sta?hlberg U. An alternative way for evaluating the deformation of MnS inclusions in hot rolling of steel[J]. Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy,2002,31(3):184.
[32] Wardle G,Billington J C. Influence of composition and temperature upon relativeplasticity index of silicate inclusions in steel[J]. Metals Technology,1983,10(1):393.
[33] Rudnik S. Discontinuities in hot-rolled steel caused by non-metallic inclusions[J]. J Iron Steel Inst,1966,204(4):374.