塔里木河干流胡杨林下土壤的水盐特征研究
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摘要
基于塔里木河干流不同生境胡杨林10个采样点的土壤样品和胡杨胸径等调查情况,采用统计学的方法对塔里木河干流不同胡杨下土壤的水盐特征进行分析。结果表明:研究区土壤含水量随土壤深度呈增加趋势,不同土层深度的含水量不存在显著差异。距塔里木河干流横向距离越近,各土层的土壤含水量越高,土壤含盐量有增加的趋势。土壤含水量为16.75%～18.76%、土壤总盐量为0.08%～0.47%,有胡杨幼苗生长;土壤含水量为4.55%～16.75%、总盐量为0.47%～1.36%,大龄胡杨所占比例较大;土壤含水量低于4.55%、总盐量超过1.36%,胡杨呈老龄化趋势。塔里木河干流不同胡杨下土壤水盐存在一定差距,在胡杨的自然更复壮中,灌溉、排盐至关重要。
Based on the survey of soil samples from 10 sampling points of Populus euphratica forest and the DBH of P. euphratica in different habitats of the Tarim River, the water and salt characteristics of different P. euphratica under different streams in the Tarim River were analyzed by statistical methods. Results show that the soil water content in the study area increases with the soil depth, and there is no significant difference in the water content of different soil depths. The closer the lateral distance from the main stream of the Tarim River, the higher the soil moisture content of each soil layer, and the soil salt content tends to increase. P. euphratica seedlings can grow when the soil water content is 16.75%-18.76% and the total soil salt is 0.08%-0.47%. When the soil water content is 4.55%-16.75% and the total salt content is 0.47%-1.36%, the proportion of P. euphratica is larger. The soil water content is less than 4.55%, the total salt content is over 1.36%, and P. euphratica is aging.There is a certain gap between soil water and salt under different P. euphratica in the mainstream of Tarim River.In the natural rejuvenation of P. euphratica, irrigation and salt discharge are essential.
Based on the survey of soil samples from 10 sampling points of Populus euphratica forest and the DBH of P. euphratica in different habitats of the Tarim River, the water and salt characteristics of different P. euphratica under different streams in the Tarim River were analyzed by statistical methods. Results show that the soil water content in the study area increases with the soil depth, and there is no significant difference in the water content of different soil depths. The closer the lateral distance from the main stream of the Tarim River, the higher the soil moisture content of each soil layer, and the soil salt content tends to increase. P. euphratica seedlings can grow when the soil water content is 16.75%-18.76% and the total soil salt is 0.08%-0.47%. When the soil water content is 4.55%-16.75% and the total salt content is 0.47%-1.36%, the proportion of P. euphratica is larger. The soil water content is less than 4.55%, the total salt content is over 1.36%, and P. euphratica is aging.There is a certain gap between soil water and salt under different P. euphratica in the mainstream of Tarim River.In the natural rejuvenation of P. euphratica, irrigation and salt discharge are essential.
引文
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[14]管文轲,钟家骅,霍艾迪,等.荒漠化地区水化学特性及其对胡杨林生长的影响[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(1):36-40.
[15]吉霞,彭岩,周翔.塔里木河流域中下游地区荒漠化状况分析[J].新疆林业,2006,30(6):38-39.
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[18]孙美琴,赵成义,施枫芝,等.近20 a塔里木河干流区土地利用变化特征[J].干旱区研究,2013,30(1):16-21.
[19]于波.洪水漫溢下胡杨(Populus euphratica)种子萌发及幼苗生长机制研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2015.
[20]魏庆莒.胡杨[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990.
[2]韩路,王海珍,王家强,等.塔里木河上游荒漠河岸林土壤水盐空间变化与生态影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(9):82-88.
[3]刘普幸,张克新,霍华丽,等.疏勒河中下游绿洲胡杨林土壤水盐的空间变化特征与成因[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(6):942-952.
[4]Ghaly F M.Role of natural vegetation in improving salt affected soil in northern Egypt[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2002,64(3/4):173-178.
[5]Patel A D,Bhensdadia H,Pandey A N.Effect of salinisation of soil on growth,water status and general nutrient accumulation in seedlings of Delonix regia(Fabaceae)[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(2):109-115.
[6]孔强,马晓华,宫莉霞,等.不同盐胁迫条件下东方杉的生长及生理响应研究[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学),2019,39(2):179-183.
[7]季方,马英杰,樊自立.塔里木河冲积平原胡杨林的土壤水分状况研究[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(1):17-21.
[8]王伟峰,段玉玺,李少博,等.毛乌素沙地3种典型灌木生物量分配与土壤含水量特征[J].西部林业科学,2018,47(3):45-49.
[9]王瑞东,党晓宏,高永,等.毛乌素沙地沙柳沙障破损规律与植被恢复的研究[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学),2019,39(3):98-104.
[10]Huo A,Chen X,Li H,et al.Development and testing of a remote sensing-based model for estimating groundwater levels in aeolian desert areas of China[J].Canadian Journal of Soil Science,2011,91(1):29-37.
[11]程智.额济纳不同龄级胡杨与土壤的水盐关系研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2011.
[12]霍华丽,刘普幸,张克新,等.瓜州绿洲胡杨林下土壤水分空间特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(2):151-155.
[13]钟家骅,管文轲,易秀,等.荒漠化地区土壤理化性质及其对胡杨林生长的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):134-138.
[14]管文轲,钟家骅,霍艾迪,等.荒漠化地区水化学特性及其对胡杨林生长的影响[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(1):36-40.
[15]吉霞,彭岩,周翔.塔里木河流域中下游地区荒漠化状况分析[J].新疆林业,2006,30(6):38-39.
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013.
[17]谈成英.塔里木河干流区土地利用/覆被变化及其景观格局特征分析[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[18]孙美琴,赵成义,施枫芝,等.近20 a塔里木河干流区土地利用变化特征[J].干旱区研究,2013,30(1):16-21.
[19]于波.洪水漫溢下胡杨(Populus euphratica)种子萌发及幼苗生长机制研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2015.
[20]魏庆莒.胡杨[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990.