哺乳动物毛囊发育及调控研究进展
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摘要
毛囊具有高度自我更新能力,是哺乳动物特有的皮肤构造,且是唯一呈终生周期性生长的器官。毛囊的发生始于胚胎期,皮肤上皮层细胞和下胚层细胞间的一系列相互作用诱导形成毛囊,之后毛囊进入周期性循环,包括生长、退行和休止3个阶段。毛囊的发育过程中受到复杂的网络调控。近年来,关于哺乳动物毛囊发育及调控机制的研究取得了较大进展。已有研究表明,毛囊的发生及循环过程中受到多种因子的调控,不同信号通路及miRNA和lncRNA相关基因的参与,构成了一个庞大而又复杂的网络调控图谱,每种调控因子间的相互促进及制约为毛囊的发生及循环提供了必要的保障。文章简述了人、羊及小鼠等哺乳动物毛囊形态发生、周期性循环及相关调控因子的研究进展,为更加全面地了解哺乳动物毛囊发育过程及调控机制提供了参考,同时对人工控制毛绒的周期生长进而提高毛绒产量和质量提供了思路。
The hair follicle is a specific structure of mammalian skin and the organ which has a highly self-renewing ability and grows periodically for the lifetime.The development of hair follicles begins at the embryonic stage,and a series of interactions which are between epidermal and hypodermal cells induce the formation of hair follicles.The follicle will enter the periodic cycle,which contains three stages:Anagen,catagen and telogen,each of which is regulated by complex genetic networks.In recent years,great progresses have been made in the study of mammalian hair follicle development and regulation mechanisms.Some previous studies have shown that the development and circulation of hair follicles regulated by various factors,different signaling pathways and the miRNA,lncRNA and related genes,which constitute a large and complex network map.Mutual promotion and restriction between each control factor provide the necessary guarantee for the development of the hair follicle and cycle.This paper briefly describes the morphogenesis,pe-riodic cycling and related regulatory factors of mammalian hair follicles in humans,sheep and mice in order to improve the comprehensive understanding of mammalian hair follicle development and regulation,and provide a reference and an idea for artificially controlling the cycle growth of the villus to improve the yield and quality of the villus.
The hair follicle is a specific structure of mammalian skin and the organ which has a highly self-renewing ability and grows periodically for the lifetime.The development of hair follicles begins at the embryonic stage,and a series of interactions which are between epidermal and hypodermal cells induce the formation of hair follicles.The follicle will enter the periodic cycle,which contains three stages:Anagen,catagen and telogen,each of which is regulated by complex genetic networks.In recent years,great progresses have been made in the study of mammalian hair follicle development and regulation mechanisms.Some previous studies have shown that the development and circulation of hair follicles regulated by various factors,different signaling pathways and the miRNA,lncRNA and related genes,which constitute a large and complex network map.Mutual promotion and restriction between each control factor provide the necessary guarantee for the development of the hair follicle and cycle.This paper briefly describes the morphogenesis,pe-riodic cycling and related regulatory factors of mammalian hair follicles in humans,sheep and mice in order to improve the comprehensive understanding of mammalian hair follicle development and regulation,and provide a reference and an idea for artificially controlling the cycle growth of the villus to improve the yield and quality of the villus.
引文
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[2]SHIMOMURA Y,CHRISTIANO A M.Biology and genetics of hair[J].Annual Review of Genomics&Human Genetics,2010,11(11):109-132.
[3]PAUS R,FOITZIK K.In search of the“hair cycle clock”:A guided tour[J].Differentiation,2004,72(9-10):489-511.
[4]吴瑜瑜,岳耀敬,郭婷婷,等.中国超细毛羊(甘肃型)胎儿皮肤毛囊发育及其形态结构[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(9):1923-1931.WU Y Y,YUE Y J,GUO T T,et al.Study on fetal skin hair follicle development and morphology of China super-fine Merino(Gansu type)[J].Scientia Agriculture Sinica,2013,46(9):1923-1931.(in Chinese)
[5]王宁,荣恩光,闫晓红.毛囊发育与毛发生产研究进展[J].东北农业大学学报,2012,9:6-12.WANG N,RONG E G,YAN X H.Research progress of hair follicle development and halr production[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2012,9:6-12.(in Chinese)
[6]BAKER R E,MURRAY P J.Understanding hair follicle cycling:A systems approach[J].Current Opinion in Genetics&Development,2012,22(6):607-612.
[7]ZHANG Y V,CHEONG J,CIAPURIN N,et al.Distinct self-renewal and differentiation phases in the niche of infrequently dividing hair follicle stem cells[J].Cell Stem Cell,2009,5(3):267-278.
[8]PLIKUS M V,CHUONG C M.Complex hair cycle domain patterns and regenerative hair waves in living rodents[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2008,128(5):1071-1080.
[9]STENN K S,PAUS R.Controls of hair follicle cycling[J].Physiological Reviews,2001,81(1):449-494.
[10]NORAMLY S,FREEMAN A,MORGAN B A.Betacatenin signaling can initiate feather bud development[J].Development,1999,126(16):3509-3521.
[11]MILLAR S E.Molecular mechanisms regulating hair follicle development[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2002,118(2):216-225.
[12]FUCHS E.Scratching the surface of skin development[J].Nature,2007,445(7130):834-842.
[13]MILLAR S E,WILLERT K,SALINAS P C,et al.WNT signaling in the control of hair growth and structure[J].Developmental Biology,1999,207(1):133-149.
[14]DASGUPTA R,FUCHS E.Multiple roles for activated LEF/TCF transcription complexes during hair follicle development and differentiation[J].Development,1999,126(20):4557-4568.
[15]ANDL T,REDDY S T,GADDAPARA T,et al.WNTsignals are required for the initiation of hair follicle development[J].Developmental Cell,2002,2(5):643-653.
[16]ZHANG Y,ANDL T,YANG S H,et al.Activation of beta-catenin signaling programs embryonic epidermis to hair follicle fate[J].Development,2008,135(12):2161-2172.
[17]HUELSKEN J,VOGEL R,ERDMANN B,et al.Beta-Catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem cell differentiation in the skin[J].Cell,2001,105(4):533-545.
[18]FU J,HSU W.Epidermal Wnt controls hair follicle induction by orchestrating dynamic signaling crosstalk between the epidermis and dermis[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2013,133(4):890-898.
[19]MISHINA Y.Function of bone morphogenetic protein signaling during mouse development[J].Frontiers in Bioscience A Journal&Virtual Library,2003,8(1-3):855-869.
[20]BOTCHKAREV V A,SHAROV A A.BMP signaling in the control of skin development and hair follicle growth[J].Differentiation,2004,72(9-10):512-526.
[21]BITGOOD M J,MCMAHON A P.Hedgehog and Bmpgenes are coexpressed at many diverse sites of cell-cell interaction in the mouse embryo[J].Developmental Biology,1995,172(1):126-138.
[22]WALL N A,BLESSING M,WRIGHT C V,et al.Biosynthesis and in vivo localization of the decapentaplegic-Vg-related protein,DVR-6(bone morphogenetic protein-6)[J].Journal of Cell Biology,1993,120(2):493-502.
[23]BOTCHKAREV V,ROTH W M,CHEN L H,et al.Noggin is a mesenchymally derived stimulator of hairfollicle induction[J].Nature Cell Biology,1999,1(3):158-164.
[24]TAKAHASHI H,IKEDA T.Transcripts for two members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily BMP-3and BMP-7are expressed in developing rat embryos[J].Developmental Dynamics,1996,207(4):439-449.
[25]BLESSING M,SCHIRMACHER P,KAISER S.Overexpression of bone morphogenetic protein-6(BMP-6)in the epidermis of transgenic mice:Inhibition or stimulation of proliferation depending on the pattern of transgene expression and formation of psoriatic lesions[J].Journal of Cell Biology,1996,135(1):227-239.
[26]ARTAVANISTSAKONAS S,RAND M D,LAKE R J.Notch signaling:Cell fate control and signal integration in development[J].Science,1999,284(5415):770-776.
[27]STANLEY P.Regulation of notch signaling by glycosylation[J].Current Opinion in Structural Biology,2007,17(5):530-535.
[28]WATT F M,ESTRACH S,AMBLER C A.Epidermal Notch signalling:Differentiation,cancer and adhesion[J].Current Opinion in Cell Biology,2008,20(2):171-179.
[29]BLANPAIN C,LOWRY W E,PASOLLI H A,et al.Canonical Notch signaling functions as a commitment switch in the epidermal lineage[J].Genes&Development,2006,20(21):3022-3025.
[30]PAN Y,LIN M H,TIAN X,et al.Gamma-secretase functions through Notch signaling to maintain skin appendages but is not required for their patterning or initial morphogenesis[J].Developmental Cell,2004,7(5):731-743.
[31]VAUCLAIR S,NICOLAS M,BARRANDON Y,et al.Notch1is essential for postnatal hair follicle development and homeostasis[J].Developmental Biology,2005,284(1):184-193.
[32]LIN H Y,KAO C H,LIN K M,et al.Notch signaling regulates late-stage epidermal differentiation and maintains postnatal hair cycle homeostasis[J].PLoSOne,2012,6(1):e15842.
[33]PISPA J,PUMMILA M,BARKER P A,et al.Edar and Troy signalling pathways act redundantly to regulate initiation of hair follicle development[J].Human Molecular Genetics,2008,17(21):3380-3391.
[34]王小佳,贺建宁,柳楠.EDA基因及其信号通路在动物皮肤毛囊发育中作用研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(7):1777-1786.WANG X J,HE J N,LIU N.Research progress on EDA gene and its role in the development of animal hair follicle[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2015,42(7):1777-1786.(in Chinese)
[35]江玮,范一星,乔贤,等.皮肤毛囊发育的转录组研究进展[J].遗传,2015,37(6):528-534.JIANG W,FAN Y X,QIAO X,et al.The transcriptome research progresses of skin hair follicle development[J].Hereditas,2015,37(6):528-534.(in Chinese)
[36]袁树楷.miR-22转录后调控毛囊退化[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015.YUAN S K.Post-transcriptional regulation of hair follicle regression by miR-22[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2015.(in Chinese)
[37]AHMED M I,MARDARYEV A N,SHAROV A A,et al.MicroRNA-21is an important downstream component of BMP signaling in epidermal keratinocytes[J].Journal of Cell Science,2011,124(20):3399-3404.
[38]ANDL T,MURCHISON EP,LIU F,et al.The miR-NA-processing enzyme dicer is essential for the morphogenesis and maintenance of hair follicles[J].Current Biology,2006,16(10):1041-1049.
[39]FELICETTI F,ERRICO M C,BOTTERO L,et al.The promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger-microRNA-221/-222 pathway controls melanoma progression through multiple oncogenic mechanisms[J].Cancer Research,2008,68(8):2745-2754.
[40]吴震洋,唐晓惠,付玉华,等.藏绵羊不同毛色皮肤组织miRNA表达谱及靶基因分析[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(2):351-362.WU Z Y,TANG X H,FU Y H,et al.Profiles of miRNAs and target gene analysis with white and black skin tissues of the Tibetan sheep[J].Scientia Agriculture Sinica,2018,51(2):351-362.(in Chinese)
[41]曹校瑞,卢嘉茵,吴琼,等.TGF-β受体1和p38MAPK在绵羊不同部位皮肤中的表达差异[J].动物医学进展,2017,38(6):24-28.CAO X R,LU J Q,WU Q,et al.Differential expressions of TGF-βR1and p38MAPK in different part of sheep skin[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2017,38(6):24-28.(in Chinese)
[42]AHMED M I,ALAM M,EMELIANOV V U,et al.microRNA-214controls skin and hair follicle development by modulating the activity of the Wnt pathway[J].Journal of Cell Biology,2014,207(4):549-567.
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