新生桑枝的枝条和叶片性状关系研究
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摘要
枝、叶的性状及二者间的关系是植物生态学研究的重要内容之一。采用雾化栽培技术控制环境变化,以桑品种农桑14号的2年生实生苗供试,研究遗传背景下新生桑枝的枝条和叶片性状之间的关系,结果发现:新生桑枝的粗细可以显著影响枝、叶性状,即随着桑枝粗细等级的增大,枝条的长度、基径、横截面面积和体积,桑叶的数量、叶面积和生物量都表现出逐渐增加的趋势;除了叶片均质量外,新生桑枝粗细对不同空间位置上的叶片数量、枝条生物量的影响具有显著差异;枝条的纵向生长和径向生长为异速生长关系,枝条上桑叶的数量与总叶面积为等速生长关系,枝条的总生物量与桑叶的总生物量为等速生长关系。上述研究结果暗示桑树枝、叶性状关系的遗传差异由新生桑枝粗细所表征,即新生桑枝粗细决定着枝条上的叶片数量和叶片的生物量。
Twig trait,leaf trait and their interrelationship comprise an important part of plant ecological studies. Through controlling environmental changes via aeroponics,the twig and leaf trait interrelationship of newly sprouted mulberry twigs was investigated under genetic background using two-year old aseptic seedling of mulberry variety Nongsan 14 as material. It was found that size of newly sprouted mulberry twig could significantly affect twig and leaf traits. To be specific,the length,diameter,cross section area and volume of twig,and the number,area and biomass of leaves all increased gradually with twig size. Except the mean weight of leaves,size of newly sprouted mulberry twig had significantly different effect on number of leaves and biomass of twigs at different spatial locations. Longitudinal growth and radial growth of the twig had al ometric relationship. Number of leaves and total area of leaves as wel as total biomass of twig and total biomass of leaves had isometric relationships. These results suggest that the genetic difference in twig and leaf trait interrelationship of mul-berry twigs can be represented by size of newly sprouted mulberry twig,i. e. size of newly sprouted mulberry twig decides number and biomass of leaves on the twig.
Twig trait,leaf trait and their interrelationship comprise an important part of plant ecological studies. Through controlling environmental changes via aeroponics,the twig and leaf trait interrelationship of newly sprouted mulberry twigs was investigated under genetic background using two-year old aseptic seedling of mulberry variety Nongsan 14 as material. It was found that size of newly sprouted mulberry twig could significantly affect twig and leaf traits. To be specific,the length,diameter,cross section area and volume of twig,and the number,area and biomass of leaves all increased gradually with twig size. Except the mean weight of leaves,size of newly sprouted mulberry twig had significantly different effect on number of leaves and biomass of twigs at different spatial locations. Longitudinal growth and radial growth of the twig had al ometric relationship. Number of leaves and total area of leaves as wel as total biomass of twig and total biomass of leaves had isometric relationships. These results suggest that the genetic difference in twig and leaf trait interrelationship of mul-berry twigs can be represented by size of newly sprouted mulberry twig,i. e. size of newly sprouted mulberry twig decides number and biomass of leaves on the twig.
引文
[1]淮虎银,吴晓霞,高红明,等.同一生境下两种车前属植物资源配置的物种特异性比较[J].植物研究,2003,23(3):323-327
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[24]SCOTT S L.Characterizing the leaf size/number trade-off at different scales[D].Kingston:Queen's University,2009
[25]潘少安,彭国全,杨冬梅.从叶内生物量分配策略的角度理解叶大小的优化[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(10):971-979
[26]杨冬梅,占峰,张宏伟.清凉峰不同海拔木本植物小枝内叶大小-数量权衡关系[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(4):281-291
[27]XIANG S,WU N,SUN S.Testing the generality of the‘leafing intensity premium’hypothesis in temperate broad-leaved forests:a survey of variation in leaf size within and between habitats[J].Evol Ecol,2010,24(4):685-701
[28]YANG D,LI G,SUN S.The generality of leaf size versus number trade-off in temperate woody species[J].Ann Bot,2008,102(4):623-629
[29]李成一.植物的吐水现象及其在农作物灌溉中的应用[J].植物生理学报,1989,25(4):59-62
[30]REICH P B,TJOELKER M G,MACHADO J L,et al.Universal scaling of respiratory metabolism,size and nitrogen in plants[J].Nature,2006,439(7075):457-61
[31]XIANG S,LIU Y,FANG F,et al.Stem architectural effect on leaf size,leaf number,and leaf mass fraction in plant twigs of woody species[J].Int J Plant Sci,2009,170(8):999-1008
[32]NIINEMETS,VALLADARES F.Photosynthetic acclimation to simultaneous and interacting environmental stresses along natural light gradients:optimality and constraints[J].Plant Biol,2004,6(3):254-268
[33]TOBIAS M,NIINEMETS.Acclimation of photosynthetic characteristics of the moss Pleurozium schreberi to among-habitat and within-canopy light gradients[J].Plant Biol,2010,12(5):743-754
[34]COBLE A P,CAVALERI M A.Light acclimation optimizes leaf functional traits despite height-related constraints in a canopy shading experiment[J].Oecologia,2015,177(4):1131-1143
[35]ROZENDAAL D M A,HURTADO V H,POORTER L.Plasticity in leaf traits of 38 tropical tree species in response to light;relationships with light demand and adult stature[J].Funct Ecol,2006,20(2):207-216
[2]李钰,赵成章,董小刚,等.高寒草地狼毒枝-叶性状对坡向的响应[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(12):3145-3151
[3]CORNER E J H.The Durian Theory or the origin of the modern tree[J].Ann Bot,1949,13(52):367-414
[4]MIDGLEY J,BOND W.Leaf size and inflorescence size may be allometrically related traits[J].Oecologia,1989,78(3):427-429
[5]NIKLAS K J,ENQUIST B J.Canonical rules for plant organ biomass partitioning and annual allocation[J].Am J Bot,2002,89(5):812-819
[6]杜晶,赵成章,宋清华,等.祁连山北坡霸王枝-叶性状关系的个体大小差异[J].植物生态学报,2016,40(3):212-220
[7]李钰,赵成章,董小刚,等.高寒草地狼毒枝-叶性状的坡度差异性[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(8):709-717
[8]刘志国,蔡永立,李恺.亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶-小枝的异速生长[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):363-369
[9]WESTOBY M,FALSTER D S,MOLES A T,et al.Plant ecological strategies:some leading dimensions of variation between species[J].Annu Rev Ecol Syst,2002,33(1):125-159
[10]杨冬梅.贡嘎山植物小枝功能性状在不同生活型和不同海拔间的比较研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2009
[11]WHITE J.The allometric interpretation of the self-thinning rule[J].J Theor Biol,1981,89(3):475-500
[12]MENGES E S.Biomass allocation and geometry of the clonal forest herb Laportea canadensis:adaptive responses to the environment or allometric constraints?[J].Am J Bot,1987,74(4):551-563
[13]尧婷婷,孟婷婷,倪健,等.新疆准噶尔荒漠植物叶片功能性状的进化和环境驱动机制初探[J].生物多样性,2010,18(2):188-197
[14]冯秋红,史作民,董莉莉.植物功能性状对环境的响应及其应用[J].林业科学,2008,44(4):125-131
[15]LEISHMAN M R.How well do plant traits correlate with establishment ability?Evidence from a study of 16 calcareous grassland species[J].New Phytol,1999,141(3):487-496
[16]DIAZ S,CABIDO M,CASANOVES F.Plant functional traits and environmental filters at a regional scale[J].J Veg Sci,1998,9(1):113-122
[17]张莉,温仲明,苗连朋.延河流域植物功能性状变异来源分析[J].生态学报,2013,33(20):6543-6552
[18]王谢,张建华,庞良玉,等.桑树智能雾化栽培系统概述[J].中国蚕业,2017,38(1):75-78
[19]曾燕蓉,朱方容,林强,等.几种桑树叶面积测量方法及叶片大小与叶片质量的相关性分析[J].蚕业科学,2013,39(5):868-876
[20]BERTILLER M B,MAZZARINO M J,CARRERA A L,et al.Leaf strategies and soil N across a regional humidity gradient in Patagonia[J].Oecologia,2006,148(4):612-624
[21]ROBERTO F C,MCC.O J,BRONWYN C,et al.Shifts in trait-combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients[J].J Ecol,2000,88(6):964-977
[22]WESTOBY M,WRIGHT I J.The leaf size-twig size spectrum and its relationship to other important spectra of variation among species[J].Oecologia,2003,135(4):621-628
[23]陈静,赵成章,王继伟.兰州北山半干旱区刺槐叶大小-数量权衡与坡向间的关系[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(12):3300-3305
[24]SCOTT S L.Characterizing the leaf size/number trade-off at different scales[D].Kingston:Queen's University,2009
[25]潘少安,彭国全,杨冬梅.从叶内生物量分配策略的角度理解叶大小的优化[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(10):971-979
[26]杨冬梅,占峰,张宏伟.清凉峰不同海拔木本植物小枝内叶大小-数量权衡关系[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(4):281-291
[27]XIANG S,WU N,SUN S.Testing the generality of the‘leafing intensity premium’hypothesis in temperate broad-leaved forests:a survey of variation in leaf size within and between habitats[J].Evol Ecol,2010,24(4):685-701
[28]YANG D,LI G,SUN S.The generality of leaf size versus number trade-off in temperate woody species[J].Ann Bot,2008,102(4):623-629
[29]李成一.植物的吐水现象及其在农作物灌溉中的应用[J].植物生理学报,1989,25(4):59-62
[30]REICH P B,TJOELKER M G,MACHADO J L,et al.Universal scaling of respiratory metabolism,size and nitrogen in plants[J].Nature,2006,439(7075):457-61
[31]XIANG S,LIU Y,FANG F,et al.Stem architectural effect on leaf size,leaf number,and leaf mass fraction in plant twigs of woody species[J].Int J Plant Sci,2009,170(8):999-1008
[32]NIINEMETS,VALLADARES F.Photosynthetic acclimation to simultaneous and interacting environmental stresses along natural light gradients:optimality and constraints[J].Plant Biol,2004,6(3):254-268
[33]TOBIAS M,NIINEMETS.Acclimation of photosynthetic characteristics of the moss Pleurozium schreberi to among-habitat and within-canopy light gradients[J].Plant Biol,2010,12(5):743-754
[34]COBLE A P,CAVALERI M A.Light acclimation optimizes leaf functional traits despite height-related constraints in a canopy shading experiment[J].Oecologia,2015,177(4):1131-1143
[35]ROZENDAAL D M A,HURTADO V H,POORTER L.Plasticity in leaf traits of 38 tropical tree species in response to light;relationships with light demand and adult stature[J].Funct Ecol,2006,20(2):207-216