九一一事件以来美国边境政策的调整——基于“再边境化”视角的分析
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摘要
特朗普执政以来竭力争取实施美墨边境墙修建计划,使美墨边境和移民政策问题日益突出,这在本质上与欧洲国家的"再边境化"不谋而合。作为与"去边境化"相反的趋势,"再边境化"是人们面对全球化浪潮的一种退缩反应。在美国,这种趋势在九一一事件之后呈现加强态势。美国的"再边境化"不仅体现在增强传统地理边境的壁垒效应上,还表现为强化美国社会中的"身份建构边境",并突出地表现在严苛的移民政策上。合理的"再边境化"可以帮助人们塑造心理舒适区,但过度的"再边境化"可能会使美国加固"美国优先"的观念建构,并带来相应的负面效应。
Issues about the U.S.-Mexico border and immigration policy have become more prominent since President Donald Trump took office. As opposed to debordering,rebordering is a kind of withdrawal reaction by people facing globalization. In the United States,this trend was strengthened after 9/11. Rebordering,in the U. S. is not only reflected in the strength-ened barrier effect of traditional geographical borders but also in borders as a form of identity in society,which is manifested in immigration policy.
Issues about the U.S.-Mexico border and immigration policy have become more prominent since President Donald Trump took office. As opposed to debordering,rebordering is a kind of withdrawal reaction by people facing globalization. In the United States,this trend was strengthened after 9/11. Rebordering,in the U. S. is not only reflected in the strength-ened barrier effect of traditional geographical borders but also in borders as a form of identity in society,which is manifested in immigration policy.
引文
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(108)Karl Vick,“A Reckoning after Trump's Border Separation Policy:What Kind of Country Are We?” Time,June 21,2018,available at:http://time.com/5318229/donald-trump-border-separation-policy.
(109)赵梅:《美国特朗普政府移民政策改革及影响》,载《当代世界》,2018年第9期,第28页。
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