河南固始方言中的第一人称代词“我”与“俺”
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摘要
固始方言第一人称代词主要有"我"和"俺","我"只能用于个体自称,可作主语、宾语和领属语;"俺"可兼指单复数,没有排除式和包括式之别,主要用作领属语,其次用作主语,较少用作宾语,与"我"相比,用"俺"自称常有客套、礼貌、谦虚等语用意义,无论是叙称还是对称,"俺"均可用在亲属称谓词前。固始方言第一人称代词系统具有北系官话和南系官话的交融过渡特征,本研究对于了解汉语方言人称代词系统的演化过程和发展趋势具有参考意义。
The first person pronouns in Gushi dialect mainly include "wo" and "an",which all refer to I or me in English. " Wo" can act as the subject,the object or the possessive.It can only be used to express individual self-designation. " An" can be used to express singular or plural,inclusive or exclusive.It is mainly used as the possessive,followed by the subject and used less as the object.Compared with "wo", "an" contains pragmatic meaning of politeness and modesty.Regardless of direct address or indirect address, "an" can be used before the relative appellation words.The first person pronoun system in Gushi dialect has the features of integration and transition between northern mandarin and southern mandarin.The relevant research is of reference significance to understand the evolution process and development trend of the personal pronoun system in Chinese dialects.
The first person pronouns in Gushi dialect mainly include "wo" and "an",which all refer to I or me in English. " Wo" can act as the subject,the object or the possessive.It can only be used to express individual self-designation. " An" can be used to express singular or plural,inclusive or exclusive.It is mainly used as the possessive,followed by the subject and used less as the object.Compared with "wo", "an" contains pragmatic meaning of politeness and modesty.Regardless of direct address or indirect address, "an" can be used before the relative appellation words.The first person pronoun system in Gushi dialect has the features of integration and transition between northern mandarin and southern mandarin.The relevant research is of reference significance to understand the evolution process and development trend of the personal pronoun system in Chinese dialects.
引文
[1]叶祖贵.信阳地区方言语音研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2010.
[2]冯春田.《聊斋俚曲》语法研究[M].开封:河南大学出版社,2003.
[3]李倩.河南固始方言代词研究[D].杭州:浙江财经大学,2014.
[4]吕叔湘.近代汉语指代词[M].北京:商务印书馆,2017.
[5]陈玉洁.人称代词复数形式单数化的类型意义[J].语言教学与研究,2008(5):39-46.
[6]王聪.汉语人称代词的“包括式排除式”对立模式研究[J].中南大学学报,2016,(3):203-210.
[7]李蓝.汉语的人称代词复数表示法[J].方言,2008,(3):224-243.
[8]钱曾怡,等.山东方言研究[M].济南:齐鲁书社,2001.
(1)参见《新校元刊杂剧三十种》,徐沁君校注,中华书局1980年报。
[2]冯春田.《聊斋俚曲》语法研究[M].开封:河南大学出版社,2003.
[3]李倩.河南固始方言代词研究[D].杭州:浙江财经大学,2014.
[4]吕叔湘.近代汉语指代词[M].北京:商务印书馆,2017.
[5]陈玉洁.人称代词复数形式单数化的类型意义[J].语言教学与研究,2008(5):39-46.
[6]王聪.汉语人称代词的“包括式排除式”对立模式研究[J].中南大学学报,2016,(3):203-210.
[7]李蓝.汉语的人称代词复数表示法[J].方言,2008,(3):224-243.
[8]钱曾怡,等.山东方言研究[M].济南:齐鲁书社,2001.
(1)参见《新校元刊杂剧三十种》,徐沁君校注,中华书局1980年报。