上海浦东新区中医体质辨识调查与药膳干预效果评价
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摘要
目的研究上海浦东新区一般人群的中医体质类型分布状况及其影响因素,针对不同体质类型制定药膳菜谱并进行效果评价。方法收集2015年1月～2017年12月上海浦东新区惠南镇一般人群样本3805例,运用中医四诊仪判定中医体质类型,以性别和年龄等社会人口学变量分组,比较各组体质构成比的差异,并针对各体质给予不同药膳干预,观察体质分布情况的变化。结果体质类型以平和质居多,2015年～2017年的平和质比例分别是31.11%、41.25%、71.85%,逐年升高;男性中平和质占67.58%,女性中占38.91%,男性平和质比例普遍高于女性;偏颇体质以气虚质和阳虚质位居前列,男性中气虚质占7.80%,女性中为12.60%,男性中阳虚质占7.57%,女性为20.17%;在25～34岁年龄组中平和质比例最高为67.06%,且随年龄增长平和质比例逐渐下降;在实施针对各体质的药膳干预后,排除兼杂体质后,平和质中男性占比由68.42%上升至77.55%,女性占比由39.63%上升至54.66%,平和质比例有所升高,各偏颇体质比例有不同程度的下降,体质类型分布变化比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过对上海浦东新区惠南镇一般人群中医体质辨识调查发现,不同性别、年龄体质分型有所差异,针对不同体质的药膳,有助于改善中医体质,提高惠南镇居民健康状况,对于公众预防保健有一定指导意义。
Objective To study the distribution of TCM constitution types and their influencing factors in the general population of Shanghai Pudong New Area, and to develop a diet recipe for different constitution types and evaluate the effect. Methods From January 2015 to December 2017, 3,805 cases of general population samples from Huinan Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai were collected. The TCM four diagnostic instruments were used to determine the physical fitness types of TCM. The sociodemographic variables such as gender and age were grouped to compare the constitutional ratio of each group. Differencesand different medicated diet interventions for each constitution, to observe changes in physical distribution. Results The constitutional quality was mostly in peace and quality. The proportion of peace and quality in 2015～2017 was 31.11%, 41.25%, and 71.85%,respectively, which increased year by year. The proportion of peace and quality in males was 67.58%, and in females was 38.91%. The proportion is generally higher than that of women; the partial physique ranks in the forefront with qi deficiency and yang deficiency. The proportion of Qi deficiency in males was 7.80%,in females was 12.60%, the proportion of yang deficiency in males was 7.57%,in females was 20.17%; The proportion of peace in the 25～34 age group was 67.06%, and the proportion of peace and quality gradually decreased with age. After the intervention of medicinal diet for each body, the proportion of males in peace and quality was 68.42. % rose to 77.55%, the proportion of women rose from 39.63% to 54.66%, the proportion of peace and quality increased, the proportion of each body weight decreased in different degrees, the distribution of body type changes, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Through the investigation on the physical fitness identification of the general population in Huinan Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, it is found that different genders and ages have different body types. The diets for different constitutions can improve the physical fitness of Chinese medicine and improve the health status of Huinan Town residents. Public preventive health care has certain guiding significance.
Objective To study the distribution of TCM constitution types and their influencing factors in the general population of Shanghai Pudong New Area, and to develop a diet recipe for different constitution types and evaluate the effect. Methods From January 2015 to December 2017, 3,805 cases of general population samples from Huinan Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai were collected. The TCM four diagnostic instruments were used to determine the physical fitness types of TCM. The sociodemographic variables such as gender and age were grouped to compare the constitutional ratio of each group. Differencesand different medicated diet interventions for each constitution, to observe changes in physical distribution. Results The constitutional quality was mostly in peace and quality. The proportion of peace and quality in 2015～2017 was 31.11%, 41.25%, and 71.85%,respectively, which increased year by year. The proportion of peace and quality in males was 67.58%, and in females was 38.91%. The proportion is generally higher than that of women; the partial physique ranks in the forefront with qi deficiency and yang deficiency. The proportion of Qi deficiency in males was 7.80%,in females was 12.60%, the proportion of yang deficiency in males was 7.57%,in females was 20.17%; The proportion of peace in the 25～34 age group was 67.06%, and the proportion of peace and quality gradually decreased with age. After the intervention of medicinal diet for each body, the proportion of males in peace and quality was 68.42. % rose to 77.55%, the proportion of women rose from 39.63% to 54.66%, the proportion of peace and quality increased, the proportion of each body weight decreased in different degrees, the distribution of body type changes, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Through the investigation on the physical fitness identification of the general population in Huinan Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, it is found that different genders and ages have different body types. The diets for different constitutions can improve the physical fitness of Chinese medicine and improve the health status of Huinan Town residents. Public preventive health care has certain guiding significance.
引文
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[10]潘诗霞,林殷,张聪,等.社区居民药膳食疗认知度调查研究——以北京市市区为例[J].中医药导报,2018,24(13):42-45.
[2]邓沂,马波.药膳产业发展与对策探讨[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2015,32(5):78-82.
[3]中华中医药学会.中医体质与判定[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2009:1.
[4]李盼盼,贺娜娜,李力. 747例体检人群的体型和中医体质分布情况[J].亚太传统医药,2018,14(10):170-172.
[5]郭威堂,韩琦,李洪海,等.论阳虚体质与肿瘤的发病关系[J].中医药信息,2016,33(6):17-19.
[6]杨燕婷,张韬.上海城郊地区初级中学女生痛经与中医体质相关性分析[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2017,24(8):27-31.
[7]范文昌.广州天河区药膳科普行与药膳教学相结合案例分析[J].亚太传统医药,2018,14(5):206-207.
[8]佟旭,林晓峰.体质与证候的相关性浅谈[J].中医药信息,2013,30(4):15-16.
[9]蒋良华,翁哲芳,胡小英,等.中西医结合防治干预对社区糖尿病患者中医体质的影响[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2018,25(2):20-25.
[10]潘诗霞,林殷,张聪,等.社区居民药膳食疗认知度调查研究——以北京市市区为例[J].中医药导报,2018,24(13):42-45.