日龄对麻鸭脂肪沉积及相关基因表达的影响
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摘要
为研究日龄对麻鸭脂肪沉积的影响及肌内脂肪对肉质的影响,选取4组不同日龄麻鸭,测定了不同日龄麻鸭的肌内脂肪质量分数、皮脂率、腹脂率、蒸煮损失率、剪切力、pH值。利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应法测定两组日龄下3个脂肪代谢相关基因的荧光值并计算其表达量,探讨了CIDEa基因、脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acidsynthase,FAS)基因、甘油三酯脂肪酶(adipose triglyceride lipase,ATGL)基因的表达量与麻鸭脂肪沉积的关系。结果表明:随着日龄的增加,麻鸭脂肪质量分数显著升高(P<0.05),其中肌内脂肪质量分数的变化与pH值、剪切力、蒸煮损失率密切相关;CIDEa基因和FAS基因在脂肪质量分数丰富的组织中表达量较高,且CIDEa基因在高日龄麻鸭中表达量显著升高(P<0.05)。本研究为探究日龄对麻鸭生长发育过程中脂肪沉积以及脂肪沉积对肌肉品质变化的影响提供了一定的理论依据。
To investigate the effect of age on fat deposition in sheldrake ducks and the influence of intramuscular fat on meat quality, four groups of Shaoxing sheldrake ducks of different ages were selected. Fat disposition and meat quality were investigated by measuring intramuscular fat content, subcutaneous fat content, abdominal fat percentage, pH, shear force, and cooking loss. In order to understand the relationship between the expression of CIDEa, FAS and ATGL genes and fat disposition, the fluorescence values and expression levels of these genes were measured by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR). The results showed that the fat content significantly rose with increasing age(P < 0.05), and the intramuscular fat content was positively correlated with the change in pH and shear force value and negatively correlated with the change in cooking loss. The expression levels of CIDEa and FAS genes were higher in fat-rich tissues, and CIDEa gene expression was significantly higher in older ducks(P < 0.05). The findings of this study can provide a theoretical basis for understanding the effect of age on fat disposition in sheldrake ducks and the influence of intramuscular fat on meat quality.
To investigate the effect of age on fat deposition in sheldrake ducks and the influence of intramuscular fat on meat quality, four groups of Shaoxing sheldrake ducks of different ages were selected. Fat disposition and meat quality were investigated by measuring intramuscular fat content, subcutaneous fat content, abdominal fat percentage, pH, shear force, and cooking loss. In order to understand the relationship between the expression of CIDEa, FAS and ATGL genes and fat disposition, the fluorescence values and expression levels of these genes were measured by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR). The results showed that the fat content significantly rose with increasing age(P < 0.05), and the intramuscular fat content was positively correlated with the change in pH and shear force value and negatively correlated with the change in cooking loss. The expression levels of CIDEa and FAS genes were higher in fat-rich tissues, and CIDEa gene expression was significantly higher in older ducks(P < 0.05). The findings of this study can provide a theoretical basis for understanding the effect of age on fat disposition in sheldrake ducks and the influence of intramuscular fat on meat quality.
引文
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[10]李红强,李海玉,李婧实,等.CIDEC的亚细胞定位及其功能初步研究[J].核农学报,2017,31(8):1494-1499.DOI:10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2017.08.1494.
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[14]高海燕,张瑞瑶,贾甜,等.不同嫩化方法对鹅肉品质的影响[J].食品科学,2017,38(7):182-186.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201707029.
[15]MELODY J L,LONERGAN S M,ROWE L J,et al.Early postmortem biochemical factors influence tenderness and water-holding capacity of three porcine muscles[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(4):1195-1205.DOI:10.2527/2004.8241195x.
[16]MARINO R,ALBENZIO M,DELLA MALVA A,et al.Proteolytic pattern of myofibrillar protein and meat tenderness as affected by breed and aging time[J].Meat Science,2013,95(2):281-287.DOI:10.1061/j.meatsci.2013.04.009.
[17]付睿琦.利用蛋白质组学技术研究北京油鸡肌肉发育和肌内脂肪沉积的分子机制[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013:12-47.
[18]HOCQUETTE J F,GONDRET F,BAéZA E,et al.Intramuscular fat content in meat-producing animals:development,genetic and nutritional control,and identification of putative markers[J].Animal,2010,4(2):303-319.DOI:10.1017/S1751731109991091.
[19]CHARTRIN P,METEAU K,JUIN H,et al.Effects of intramuscular fat levels on sensory characteristics of duck breast meat[J].Poultry Science,2006,85(5):914-922.DOI:10.1093/ps/85.5.914.
[20]LI Y H,LEI T,CHEN X D,et al.Molecular cloning,chromosomal location and expression pattern of porcine CIDEa and CIDEc[J].Molecular Biology Reports,2009,36(3):575-582.DOI:10.1007/s11033-008-9216-5.
[21]ZHOU Z,TOH S Y,CHEN Z,et al.Cidea-deficient mice have lean phenotype and are resistant to obesity[J].Nature genetics,2003,35(1):49-56.DOI:10.1038/ng1225.
[22]XU L,ZHOU L,LI P.CIDE proteins and lipid metabolism[J].Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis&Vascular Biology,2012,32(5):1094-1098.DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.241489.
[23]黄柳梅.CIDEa和CIDEc基因在肉鸡中的表达分析[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2016:11-18.
[24]QI J Z,GONG J Y,ZHAO T J,et al.Downregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase by Cidea-mediated ubiquitination and degradation in brown adipose tissue[J].The EMBO Journal,2008,27(11):1537-1548.DOI:10.1038/emboj.2008.92.
[25]BOSTR?M P,ANDERSSON L,RUTBERG M,et al.SNARE proteins mediate fusion between cytosolic lipid droplets and are implicated in insulin sensitivity[J].Nature Cell Biology,2007,9(11):1286-1293.DOI:10.1038/ncb1648.
[26]WANG W S,LüN,ZHANG S S,et al.Cidea is an essential transcriptional coactivator regulating mammary gland secretion of milk lipids[J].Nature Medicine,2012,18(2):235-243.DOI:10.1038/nm.2614.
[27]SMITH S,WITKOWSKI A,JOSHI A K.Structural and functional organization of the animal fatty acid synthase[J].Progress in Lipid Research,2003,42(4):289-317.DOI:10.1016/S0163-7827(02)00067-X.
[28]鲁凯.北京鸭与黑鹜鸭屠宰性状及脂质沉积相关基因表达差异研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2013:13-41.
[29]吕刚.不同饲喂方式下肉鸭体脂沉积规律及机制研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2011:53-115.
[30]熊文中,杨凤,周安国.猪重组生长激素对不同杂交肥育猪脂肪代谢调控的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2001,32(1):1-4.
[31]单体中,汪以真,刘建新,等.不同日龄猪腹脂中脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)基因表达规律的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(7):662-666.
[32]NIE Qinghua,HU Yongsheng,XIE Liang,et al.Identification and characterization of adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL)gene in birds[J].Molecular Biology Reports,2010,37(7):3487-3493.DOI:10.1007/s11033-009-9941-4.
[33]王宝维,孔敏,葛文华,等.鹅脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶和长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶1基因表达差异及其对脂肪沉积和血清脂类代谢的调控[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(7):2079-2089.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.07.012.
[2]杨烨.优质鸡肌内脂肪代谢调控及其与肉质性状关系的研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院研究生院,2005:16-35.
[3]SIMON J,LECLERCQ B.Longitudinal study of adiposity in chickens selected for high or low abdominal fat content:further evidence of a glucose-insulin imbalance in the fat line[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1982,112(10):1961-1973.
[4]MCGARRY J D.The mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase system:its broadening role in fuel homoeostasis and new insights into its molecular features[J].Biochemical Society Transactions,1995,23(2):321-324.
[5]张力莉,徐晓锋.动物脂肪酸合成酶基因表达调控的研究进展[J].畜牧与兽医,2012,44(4):101-103.
[6]SEMENKOVICH C F.Regulation of fatty acid synthase(FAS)[J].Progress in Lipid Research,1997,36(1):43-53.
[7]MARCELIN G,LIU S M,LI X,et al.Genetic control of ATGL-mediated lipolysis modulates adipose triglyceride stores in leptindeficient mice[J].Journal of Lipid Research,2012,53(5):964-972.DOI:10.1194/jlr.M022467.
[8]ZIMMERMANN R,STRAUSS J G,HAEMMERLE G,et al.Fat mobilization in adipose tissue is promoted by adipose triglyceride l i p a s e[J].S c i e n c e,2 0 0 4,3 0 6:1 3 8 3-1 3 8 6.D O I:1 0.11 2 6/science.1100747.
[9]ABREU-VIEIRA G,FISCHER A W,MATTSSON C,et al.Cidea improves the metabolic profile through expansion of adipose tissue[J].Nature Communications,2015,6:7433.DOI:10.1038/ncomms8433.
[10]李红强,李海玉,李婧实,等.CIDEC的亚细胞定位及其功能初步研究[J].核农学报,2017,31(8):1494-1499.DOI:10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2017.08.1494.
[11]CHEN Z,GUO K,TOH S Y,et al.Mitochondria localization and dimerization are required for CIDE-B to induce apoptosis[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,2000,275(30):22619-22622.DOI:10.1074/jbc.C000207200.
[12]MONTASTIER E,DéJEAN S,LE GALL C,et al.Adipose tissue CIDEA is associated,independently of weight variation,to change in insulin resistance during a longitudinal weight control dietary program in obese individuals[J].PLoS ONE,2014,9(7):e98707.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0098707.
[13]FOLCH J,LEES M,SLOANE-STANLEY G H.A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1957,226(1):497-509.
[14]高海燕,张瑞瑶,贾甜,等.不同嫩化方法对鹅肉品质的影响[J].食品科学,2017,38(7):182-186.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201707029.
[15]MELODY J L,LONERGAN S M,ROWE L J,et al.Early postmortem biochemical factors influence tenderness and water-holding capacity of three porcine muscles[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(4):1195-1205.DOI:10.2527/2004.8241195x.
[16]MARINO R,ALBENZIO M,DELLA MALVA A,et al.Proteolytic pattern of myofibrillar protein and meat tenderness as affected by breed and aging time[J].Meat Science,2013,95(2):281-287.DOI:10.1061/j.meatsci.2013.04.009.
[17]付睿琦.利用蛋白质组学技术研究北京油鸡肌肉发育和肌内脂肪沉积的分子机制[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013:12-47.
[18]HOCQUETTE J F,GONDRET F,BAéZA E,et al.Intramuscular fat content in meat-producing animals:development,genetic and nutritional control,and identification of putative markers[J].Animal,2010,4(2):303-319.DOI:10.1017/S1751731109991091.
[19]CHARTRIN P,METEAU K,JUIN H,et al.Effects of intramuscular fat levels on sensory characteristics of duck breast meat[J].Poultry Science,2006,85(5):914-922.DOI:10.1093/ps/85.5.914.
[20]LI Y H,LEI T,CHEN X D,et al.Molecular cloning,chromosomal location and expression pattern of porcine CIDEa and CIDEc[J].Molecular Biology Reports,2009,36(3):575-582.DOI:10.1007/s11033-008-9216-5.
[21]ZHOU Z,TOH S Y,CHEN Z,et al.Cidea-deficient mice have lean phenotype and are resistant to obesity[J].Nature genetics,2003,35(1):49-56.DOI:10.1038/ng1225.
[22]XU L,ZHOU L,LI P.CIDE proteins and lipid metabolism[J].Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis&Vascular Biology,2012,32(5):1094-1098.DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.241489.
[23]黄柳梅.CIDEa和CIDEc基因在肉鸡中的表达分析[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2016:11-18.
[24]QI J Z,GONG J Y,ZHAO T J,et al.Downregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase by Cidea-mediated ubiquitination and degradation in brown adipose tissue[J].The EMBO Journal,2008,27(11):1537-1548.DOI:10.1038/emboj.2008.92.
[25]BOSTR?M P,ANDERSSON L,RUTBERG M,et al.SNARE proteins mediate fusion between cytosolic lipid droplets and are implicated in insulin sensitivity[J].Nature Cell Biology,2007,9(11):1286-1293.DOI:10.1038/ncb1648.
[26]WANG W S,LüN,ZHANG S S,et al.Cidea is an essential transcriptional coactivator regulating mammary gland secretion of milk lipids[J].Nature Medicine,2012,18(2):235-243.DOI:10.1038/nm.2614.
[27]SMITH S,WITKOWSKI A,JOSHI A K.Structural and functional organization of the animal fatty acid synthase[J].Progress in Lipid Research,2003,42(4):289-317.DOI:10.1016/S0163-7827(02)00067-X.
[28]鲁凯.北京鸭与黑鹜鸭屠宰性状及脂质沉积相关基因表达差异研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2013:13-41.
[29]吕刚.不同饲喂方式下肉鸭体脂沉积规律及机制研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2011:53-115.
[30]熊文中,杨凤,周安国.猪重组生长激素对不同杂交肥育猪脂肪代谢调控的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2001,32(1):1-4.
[31]单体中,汪以真,刘建新,等.不同日龄猪腹脂中脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)基因表达规律的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(7):662-666.
[32]NIE Qinghua,HU Yongsheng,XIE Liang,et al.Identification and characterization of adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL)gene in birds[J].Molecular Biology Reports,2010,37(7):3487-3493.DOI:10.1007/s11033-009-9941-4.
[33]王宝维,孔敏,葛文华,等.鹅脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶和长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶1基因表达差异及其对脂肪沉积和血清脂类代谢的调控[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(7):2079-2089.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.07.012.