摘要
目的本研究旨在了解中国医学本科生的吸烟现状,并分析医学本科生吸烟的影响因素。方法本研究以问卷形式调查中国不同地区13个医科院校和20所综合院校医学本科生,内容主要涉及人口学信息、社会经济水平、过去4周生活事件、吸烟饮酒情况、抑郁及焦虑状态等。应用χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析医学生吸烟的影响因素。结果共有7 643名医学本科生纳入分析,平均年龄(20. 7±1. 6)岁。吸烟者272人,占3. 6%。男生吸烟率8. 4%,女生吸烟率0. 7%。多因素logistic回归分析发现,年龄较大(23~28组与15~19组比较:调整OR,0. 463; 95%CI,0. 258~0. 830)、母亲受教育程度高(本科及以上与小学及以下相比:0. 729; 0. 491~1. 082)是医学生吸烟的保护因素。而男性(10. 405; 7. 247~14. 939)、饮酒(8. 280; 5. 184~13. 225)、高三复读(1. 665; 1. 256~2. 208)、因学业竞争压力而困扰(非常明显者与完全没有比较:2. 078; 1. 241~3. 480)、抑郁(1. 686; 1. 216~2. 338)和焦虑(1. 818; 1. 290~2. 563)是医学生吸烟的危险因素。结论我国医学生吸烟占一定比例,尤其男医学生中更多见,家庭、学校和社会应该予以更多关注,采取一定措施进行预防及干预,改善其吸烟情况,降低吸烟可能对广大医学生造成的不良影响。
Objective To understand the smoking situation and its influencing factors among undergraduate medical students in China. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in undergraduate medical students from 13 medical universities and 20 comprehensive universities,and information on demographics,social economics,life events in the past four weeks,status of smoking and drinking,and status of depression and anxiety were collected. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to identify potential correlates for the prevalence of smoking. Results A total of 7,643 undergraduate medical students( mean age: 20. 7 ± 1. 6 years) were enrolled. The prevalence of smoking was 3. 6%( 272) in all participants,8. 4% for male students and 0. 7% for female students. Older age( adjusted OR,0. 463; 95% CI: 0. 258 ~ 0. 830 for comparisons between 23-28 and 15-19 age groups) and mother's high educational level( OR,0. 729; 95% CI: 0. 491 ~1. 082,college or above versus primary school or below) were associated with lower prevalence of smoking. Male sex( OR,10. 405; 95% CI: 7. 247 ~ 14. 939),alcohol consumption( OR,8. 280; 95% CI: 5. 184 ~ 13. 225),retaking college entrance examination( OR,1. 665; 95% CI: 1. 256-2. 208),peer competition in the past four weeks( OR,2. 078; 95% CI: 1. 241 ~3. 480),screen-detected depression( BDI score≥14; OR,1. 686; 95% CI: 1. 216 ~ 2. 338) and anxiety( SAS score≥50; OR,1. 818; 95% CI,1. 290 ~ 2. 563) were associated with higher prevalence. Conclusion A certain proportion of medical students smoke in China,and the prevalence is particularly high among male students. Schools,families and society should pay attention to the situation,and take measures to prevent smoking to protect them from possible harmful effects of smoking.
引文
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