达州市职业人群布鲁氏杆菌病防治知识及行为习惯调查
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摘要
目的分析达州市从事羊和牛养殖、宰杀、贩运等工作以及兽医等职业人群布鲁菌病(以下简称"布病")防治知识知晓和行为习惯,为布病防控提供科学依据。方法设计问卷调查表,2016-03/2017-07对职业人群一般情况、布病防治知识和行为习惯开展问卷调查。使用SPSS 21. 0软件对数据进行统计分析,检验水准α=0. 01。结果对1 185名职业人群开展调查,未听说过布病的占50. 30%,防治知识知晓率32. 54%,不同地区、性别、年龄组、职业、养殖规模的人群布病防治知识知晓率差异具有统计学意义;接羔时经常戴手套、处理流产物和胎盘时经常戴手套、经常消毒洗手的所占比例分别为30. 80%、27. 85%和49. 79%,不同性别、年龄组、职业和养殖规模的人群经常消毒洗手行为持有率差异比较有统计学意义。结论达州市是布病防治二类地区,职业人群防治知识的知晓率和健康防护行为持有率较低,发生布病的风险较高,应加大培训和健康教育力度。
Objective To analyze the knowledge and behavior on brucellosis among occupational groups engaged in sheep and cattle breeding,slaughtering,trafficking and other jobs as well as veterinarian in Dazhou city and to provide evidence for brucellosis control and prevention. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted. All the data was analyzed by SPSS 21. 0. Results There were totally 1 185 occupational practitioners involved in the investigation. The awareness rate of brucellosis knowledge was 32. 54%,and about 50. 30% people have never heard of brucellosis. People in different areas,gender,age groups,occupations,and farming scales had significant differences in brucellosis prevention knowledge rate. In this study,we found that almost half( 49. 79%) of the people always disinfected their hands,27. 85% would wear gloves when dealing with the fluid stuff and placenta and about 30. 80% would wear gloves when delivering the lambs. There were significant differences in the disinfecting and handwashing rate among people in different gender,age groups,occupations and faming scales. Conclusion Dazhou city is a second-class area of brucellosis,but the brucellosis knowledge level and health protection behavior rate are low among occupational groups, which may increase the risk of brucellosis incidence. Hence, the training and health education on brucellosis should be promoted.
Objective To analyze the knowledge and behavior on brucellosis among occupational groups engaged in sheep and cattle breeding,slaughtering,trafficking and other jobs as well as veterinarian in Dazhou city and to provide evidence for brucellosis control and prevention. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted. All the data was analyzed by SPSS 21. 0. Results There were totally 1 185 occupational practitioners involved in the investigation. The awareness rate of brucellosis knowledge was 32. 54%,and about 50. 30% people have never heard of brucellosis. People in different areas,gender,age groups,occupations,and farming scales had significant differences in brucellosis prevention knowledge rate. In this study,we found that almost half( 49. 79%) of the people always disinfected their hands,27. 85% would wear gloves when dealing with the fluid stuff and placenta and about 30. 80% would wear gloves when delivering the lambs. There were significant differences in the disinfecting and handwashing rate among people in different gender,age groups,occupations and faming scales. Conclusion Dazhou city is a second-class area of brucellosis,but the brucellosis knowledge level and health protection behavior rate are low among occupational groups, which may increase the risk of brucellosis incidence. Hence, the training and health education on brucellosis should be promoted.
引文
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[10]吕锐利,孙花荣,朱永红,等.河南省汝州市布鲁氏菌病高发乡高危人群布病防治知识及行为习惯调查[J].疾病监测,2013,28(7):564-566.
[11]中华人民共和国农业部和国家卫生计生委、农业部和国家卫生计生委关于印发《国家布鲁氏菌病防治计划(2016-2020年)》的通知[Z]. 2016.
[2]胡小琦,彭焕文.四川省达州市非牧区布鲁菌病防控措施探讨[J].中华地方病学杂志,2017,36(6):454-454.
[3]王宇,杨维中. 2012年全国重点传染病和病媒生物监测报告[R].北京:中国疾病预防控制中心,2013:171-182.
[4]吴殚,张松建,李长青,等.北京市顺义区布鲁菌病重点人群防治知识及防护行为调查[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(9):846-848.
[5]周建刚,谭文文,张华君,等.宜兴市职业人群布病防治知识及行为习惯调查[J].现代预防医学,2011,38(6):1060-1062.
[6]金福芝,满鹏飞,常殊杰,等.梅里斯区农民布鲁菌病防治知识知晓率情况调查[J].中国地方病学杂志,2010,25(4):288-289.
[7]刘日宏,宋新港,白晔,等. 2010年内蒙古乌兰察布市布鲁杆菌病流行病学调查[J].中华地方病学杂志,2013,32(5):504-507.
[8]刘晓丽,黄志刚,麻春雷,等.布病传播与农民生活习惯和行为关系调查分析[J].中国地方病学杂志,2008,23(3):205-206.
[9]黄志刚.布鲁氏菌病健康教育和行为干预的核心问题和特点[J].中国初级卫生保健,2007,21(6):28-29.
[10]吕锐利,孙花荣,朱永红,等.河南省汝州市布鲁氏菌病高发乡高危人群布病防治知识及行为习惯调查[J].疾病监测,2013,28(7):564-566.
[11]中华人民共和国农业部和国家卫生计生委、农业部和国家卫生计生委关于印发《国家布鲁氏菌病防治计划(2016-2020年)》的通知[Z]. 2016.