潞党参根系水提液对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响
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摘要
以潞党参(Codonopsis pilosula)根系水提液对大豆种子进行处理,探讨潞党参根系水提液对大豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,为合理选择潞党参下茬植物和优化其种植制度提供参考。采用室内生物检测法对大豆种子萌发指标和幼苗生长指标进行测定。结果表明,0.025 0 g/m L潞党参根系水提液处理对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长有显著的促进作用(P<0.05),但当质量浓度达到0.050 0 g/m L时,则表现出明显的抑制作用,且具有一定的浓度效应。不同浓度潞党参根系水提液均能影响大豆幼苗生理生化指标,质量浓度为0.025 0 g/m L时,氨基酸含量、根系活力、叶绿素含量显著高于对照组,而丙二醛含量以及抗氧化酶活性与对照相比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。质量浓度达0.100 0 g/m L时,丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性显著增强(P<0.05),表明此质量浓度下细胞膜受到损伤,为清除机体过多的自由基,抗氧化能力增强。潞党参根系水浸液对受体植物大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长主要表现为低促高抑的双重化感作用。大豆较适合作为潞党参下茬作物。
The allelopathic effects of different concentrations of aqueous extract of Codonopsis pilosula root on seed germination and seedling growth of soybean were studied in order to choose suitable rotation crop with Codonopsis pilosula and optimize their planting patterns.Germination index and growth indexes of seedlings were detected indoors using a bioassay method.The result showed that seeds germination and seedling growth of soybean were significantly promoted at low concentration(0.025 0 g/m L) of Codonopsis pilosula root aqueous extracts(P < 0.05),but inhibited at a concentration of 0.050 0 g/m L,and it was relevant to the concentration of aqueous extracts.Amino acids contents,chlorophyll contents and root activity were increased at a concentration of 0.025 0 g/m L(P < 0.05),but MDA contents and antioxidase activities showed no significant change(P > 0.05) compared to the control.However,aqueous extracts significantly increased the MDA contents and antioxidase activities of soybean at a concentration of 0.100 0 g/m L,indicating that the cell membrane was damaged.In conclusion,the aqueous extract of Codonopsis pilosula root showed low-promoting and high-inhibiting effects on seed germination and seedling growth of soybean.And thus the soybean would be suitable for rotation with Codonopsis pilosula.
The allelopathic effects of different concentrations of aqueous extract of Codonopsis pilosula root on seed germination and seedling growth of soybean were studied in order to choose suitable rotation crop with Codonopsis pilosula and optimize their planting patterns.Germination index and growth indexes of seedlings were detected indoors using a bioassay method.The result showed that seeds germination and seedling growth of soybean were significantly promoted at low concentration(0.025 0 g/m L) of Codonopsis pilosula root aqueous extracts(P < 0.05),but inhibited at a concentration of 0.050 0 g/m L,and it was relevant to the concentration of aqueous extracts.Amino acids contents,chlorophyll contents and root activity were increased at a concentration of 0.025 0 g/m L(P < 0.05),but MDA contents and antioxidase activities showed no significant change(P > 0.05) compared to the control.However,aqueous extracts significantly increased the MDA contents and antioxidase activities of soybean at a concentration of 0.100 0 g/m L,indicating that the cell membrane was damaged.In conclusion,the aqueous extract of Codonopsis pilosula root showed low-promoting and high-inhibiting effects on seed germination and seedling growth of soybean.And thus the soybean would be suitable for rotation with Codonopsis pilosula.
引文
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[20]赵杨景,王玉萍,杨峻山,等.西洋参与紫苏、薏苡轮作效应的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(1):12-15.
[21]丁春发,魏小红,王芳琳.野生麻花秦艽中化感活性物质对牧草萌发及生理特性的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(4):150-161.
[22]叶文斌,樊亮.党参和黄芪种植地土壤水浸液对蚕豆化感作用的研究[J].广东农业科学,2013(6):18-21,28.
[23]赵庆芳,郭鹏辉.党参水浸液对不同作物的化感作用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(24):7511-7513.
[24]王树起,韩丽梅.大豆根茬腐解液和营养液残液对大豆生长发育的自感效应[J].中国油料作物学报,2000,22(3):206-210.
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[26]鲍红春,郝丽珍,张凤兰,等.沙芥水浸提液对白菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(7):1109-1116.
[27]张志良,瞿伟菁.植物生理学实验指导[M].3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
[28]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[2]国家中医药管理局《中华草本》编委会.中华草本7卷[M].上海:上海科技出版社,1999:603.
[3]李黎星,康杰芳.中药党参的研究进展[J].现代生物医学进展,2009,9(12):2371-2373.
[4]马雪梅,吴朝峰.药用植物党参的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(15):6981-6983,6993.
[5]孙政华,邵晶,郭玫.党参化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(33):174-176.
[6]卢燕林,张强,李彩萍.地道潞党参营养特性与产地土壤特性研究[J].山西农业科学,2007,35(5):42-45.
[7]王惠珍,张恩和,马啸,等.党参根系分泌物对自身种子萌发的影响[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2007,24(6):36-38.
[8]赵庆芳,陈健,郭鹏辉,等.党参自毒作用研究[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010,46(6):75-78,89.
[9]张爱华,郜玉钢,许永华,等.我国药用植物化感作用研究进展[J].中草药,2011,42(10):1885-1890.
[10]张重义,林文雄.药用植物的化感自毒作用与连作障碍[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(1):189-196.
[11]雷锋杰,张爱华,张秋菊,等.人参、西洋参化感作用研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(17):2221-2226.
[12]周洁,王晓,刘建华,等.丹参和白花丹参对黄芩化感效应的比较研究[J].山东科学,2012,25(5):30-34.
[13]张重义,牛苗苗,陈婷,等.药用植物化感自毒作用研究对栽培技术创新的启示[J].中国现代中药,2011,13(1):4-8.
[14]王田涛,王琦,王惠珍,等.当归自毒作用和其对不同作物的化感效应[J].草地学报,2012,20(6):1132-1138.
[15]王明道,陈红歌,刘新育,等.地黄对芝麻的化感作用及其化感物质的分离鉴定[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1191-1198.
[16]王庆玲,董涛,张子龙.三七对小麦的化感作用[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(2):431-437.
[17]杨期和,叶万辉,廖富林,等.植物化感物质对种子萌发的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(12):1459-1465.
[18]席蓉,郝建锋.植物化感作用及其生态学意义[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(14):8196-8198,8218.
[19]宋尚成,李敏,刘润进.种植模式与土壤管理制度对作物连作障碍的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(21):231-235.
[20]赵杨景,王玉萍,杨峻山,等.西洋参与紫苏、薏苡轮作效应的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(1):12-15.
[21]丁春发,魏小红,王芳琳.野生麻花秦艽中化感活性物质对牧草萌发及生理特性的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(4):150-161.
[22]叶文斌,樊亮.党参和黄芪种植地土壤水浸液对蚕豆化感作用的研究[J].广东农业科学,2013(6):18-21,28.
[23]赵庆芳,郭鹏辉.党参水浸液对不同作物的化感作用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(24):7511-7513.
[24]王树起,韩丽梅.大豆根茬腐解液和营养液残液对大豆生长发育的自感效应[J].中国油料作物学报,2000,22(3):206-210.
[25]Williamson G B,Richardson D.Bioassays for allelopathy:Measuring treatment responses with in dependent controls[J].J Chem Ecol,1998,14(1):181-187.
[26]鲍红春,郝丽珍,张凤兰,等.沙芥水浸提液对白菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(7):1109-1116.
[27]张志良,瞿伟菁.植物生理学实验指导[M].3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
[28]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.