考虑通行能力折减的可变车道优化
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摘要
为有效缓解因潮汐现象所导致的交通拥堵和道路资源闲置并存的问题,在考虑车道数对路段单向通行能力影响的基础上研究可变车道优化设置方法。该方法在确保可变车道实施过程中轻交通流方向正常通行的前提下,基于非均衡经济学理论的价格-数量调节,以系统总出行时间最小为目标构建可变车道优化的混合整数双层规划模型,并采用粒子群优化算法对模型进行求解,以算例的形式验证模型和算法的有效性。研究结果表明:从系统层面优化可变车道设置能够充分利用轻交通流方向闲置的道路资源来提高重交通流方向路段的容量,从而改变其行程时间函数,进而调节流量在路网上的分布并均衡各路段的饱和度;使道路网络结构更好地匹配出行需求,在道路资源一定的情况下有效地降低系统总出行时间。
In order to effectively alleviate the coexistence between traffic congestion and road resource idle caused by the tidal phenomenon, the variable lane optimization setting method was studied considering the influence of lane number on road unidirectional capacity. In this method, on the premise that the normal passage of the light traffic flow direction was ensured during the variable lane implementation process, the mixed integer bi-level programming model for variable lane optimization was established based on the price-quantity regulation of disequilibrium economic theory with the minimum total travel time of the system as the goal. Besides, the particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to solve the model, while the validity of the model and algorithm was verified by numerical examples. The results show that optimizing the variable lane setting from the system level can make full use of the idle road resources in the light traffic flow direction to improve the road capacity in the heavy traffic flow direction, which changes the travel time function, and then adjusts the redistribution of traffic flow on the road network and balances the saturation of each road, making the road network structure better match travel demands, and reducing the total travel time of the system economically and effectively in the case of specified road resources.
In order to effectively alleviate the coexistence between traffic congestion and road resource idle caused by the tidal phenomenon, the variable lane optimization setting method was studied considering the influence of lane number on road unidirectional capacity. In this method, on the premise that the normal passage of the light traffic flow direction was ensured during the variable lane implementation process, the mixed integer bi-level programming model for variable lane optimization was established based on the price-quantity regulation of disequilibrium economic theory with the minimum total travel time of the system as the goal. Besides, the particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to solve the model, while the validity of the model and algorithm was verified by numerical examples. The results show that optimizing the variable lane setting from the system level can make full use of the idle road resources in the light traffic flow direction to improve the road capacity in the heavy traffic flow direction, which changes the travel time function, and then adjusts the redistribution of traffic flow on the road network and balances the saturation of each road, making the road network structure better match travel demands, and reducing the total travel time of the system economically and effectively in the case of specified road resources.
引文
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[17]史峰,苏焕银,王雄.适用于路网潮汐流的可变车道设置方法研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2015,15(4):57–62.SHI Feng,SU Huanyin,WANG Xiong.Design of reversible lanes with tidal flow on road network[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2015,15(4):57–62.
[18]高自友,张好智,孙会君.城市交通网络设计问题中双层规划模型、方法及应用[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2004,4(1):35–44.GAO Ziyou,ZHANG Haozhi,SUN Huijun.Bi-level programming models,approaches and applications in urban transportation network design problems[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2004,4(1):35–44.
[19]张好智,高自友.可变车道的道路交通网络设计优化方法[J].中国管理科学,2007,15(2):86–91.ZHANG Haozhi,GAO Ziyou.Optimization approach for traffic road network design problem[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2007,15(2):86–91.
[20]杨小宝,张宁,关羽.基于行为分析的道路通行能力中车道数因素研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(10):104–110.YANG Xiaobao,ZHANG Ning,GUAN Yu.Behavior based analysis of the relationship between expressway capacity and number of lanes[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(10):104–110.
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[22]HUANG Z X,HE G G.Disequilibrium transportation planning view[C]//WANG K C P,XIAO G P,JI J L.Proceedings of the2nd International Conference on Transportation and Traffic Studies.Beijing:ASCE,2000:305–310.
[23]徐慧智,程国柱,裴玉龙.车道变换行为对道路通行能力影响的研究[J].中国科技论文,2010,5(10):749–753.XU Huizhi,CHENG Guozhu,PEI Yulong.Study on effect of lane-changing behavioral characteristic to capacity[J].Science Online,2010,5(10):749–753.
[24]杨小宝,张宁.道路通行能力中车道数因素的数学分析[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2008,32(4):603–606.YANG Xiaobao,ZHANG Ning.Mathematical analysis of effects of lanes’number on expressway capacity[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2008,32(4):603–606.
[25]王炜,过秀成.交通工程学[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2009:156.WANG Wei,GUO Xiucheng.Traffic engineering[M].Nanjing:Southeast University Press,2009:156.
[26]卢昌康,冯刚,王国海.基于粒子群优化算法和Uniform LBP特征的分块跟踪[J].计算机工程与应用,2016,52(1):200–205.LU Changkang,FENG Gang,WANG Guohai.Particle swarm optimization and uniform LBP-based algorithm for fragment tracking[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2016,52(1):200–205.
[27]程磊生,吴志健,彭虎,等.基于RDD的分布式粒子群优化算法[J].小型微型计算机系统,2016,37(11):2542–2546.CHENG Leisheng,WU Zhijian,PENG Hu,et al.Distributed particle swarm optimization algorithm based on resilient distributed datasets[J].Journal of Chinese Computer Systems,2016,37(11):2542–2546.
[2]王波.上海轨道交通早高峰客流拥挤与居民通勤关系分析[J].城市轨道交通研究,2016,19(7):75–78.WANG Bo.Relationship between the rush hour passenger flow congestion and residents commuting in Shanghai rail transit system[J].Urban Mass Transit,2016,19(7):75–78.
[3]黄中祥,蔡建荣,吴立烜.城市居民出行市场非均衡调控机制[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2016,36(6):105–110.HUANG Zhongxiang,CAI Jianrong,WU Lixuan.Disequilibrium adjustment mechanism for urban resident travel markets[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition),2016,36(6):105–110.
[4]SHEU J B,RITCHIE S.Stochastic modeling and real-time prediction of vehicular lane-changing behavior[J].Transportation Research:Part B,2001,35(7):695–716.
[5]WONG C K,WONG S C.Lane-based optimization of signal timings for isolated junctions[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2003,37(1):63–84.
[6]马莹莹,曾令宇,陈纲梅,等.可变车道行驶方向的动态控制方法研究[J].控制理论与应用,2016,33(11):1457–1462.MA Yingying,ZENG Lingyu,CHEN Gangmei,et al.Study on dynamic traffic control for reversible lanes[J].Control Theory and Applications,2016,33(11):1457–1462.
[7]JIANG Yinghong,BAO Lixia.Study on setting of variable lanes near intersection between one-way and two-way traffic[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2011,45(10):1562–1566.
[8]WOLSHON B,LAMBERT L.Reversible lane systems:synthesis of practice[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering,2006,132(12):933–944.
[9]WALECZEK H,GEISTEFELDT J,CINDRIC-MIDDENDORF D,et al.Traffic flow at a freeway work zone with reversible median lane[J].Transportation Research Procedia,2016,15(6):257–266.
[10]LAURENCE L,BRIAN W.Characterization and comparison of traffic flow on reversible roadways[J].Journal of Advanced Transportation,2010,44(2):113–122.
[11]DEY S,MA J,ADEN Y.Reversible lane operation for arterial roadways:The Washington,DC,USA Experience[J].Institute of Transportation Engineers Journal,2011,81(5):26–35.
[12]BEDE Z,PéTER T.Optimal control with the dynamic change of the structure of the road network[J].Transport,2014,29(1):36–42.
[13]陈坚,霍娅敏.典型潮汐车流路段可变车道设置方案研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2008,27(6):1127–1130.CHEN Jian,HUO Yamin.Study on setting design of variable lane on typical tide traffic road[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2008,27(6):1127–1130.
[14]张卫华,韩高峰,颜冉,等.城市道路路段可变车道设置效果评价方法[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2014,33(4):128–133.ZHANG Weihua,HAN Gaofeng,YAN Ran,et al.Evaluation on effect of setting variable lane in urban road section[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Sciences),2014,33(4):128–133.
[15]韩璧磷,宋瑞,何世伟.基于最小延误费用的可变车道数调整模型[J].道路交通与安全,2009,9(3):1–5.HAN Bilin,SONG Rui,HE Shiwei.Variable lanes number adjustment model based on the smallest delay cost[J].Road Traffic and Safety,2009,9(3):1–5.
[16]张鹏,李文权,常玉林.可变车道的城市路网备用容量模型[J].西南交通大学学报,2010,45(2):255–260.ZHANG Peng,LI Wenquan,CHANG Yulin.Reserve capacity model for urban road network with variable lanes[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2010,45(2):255–260.
[17]史峰,苏焕银,王雄.适用于路网潮汐流的可变车道设置方法研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2015,15(4):57–62.SHI Feng,SU Huanyin,WANG Xiong.Design of reversible lanes with tidal flow on road network[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2015,15(4):57–62.
[18]高自友,张好智,孙会君.城市交通网络设计问题中双层规划模型、方法及应用[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2004,4(1):35–44.GAO Ziyou,ZHANG Haozhi,SUN Huijun.Bi-level programming models,approaches and applications in urban transportation network design problems[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2004,4(1):35–44.
[19]张好智,高自友.可变车道的道路交通网络设计优化方法[J].中国管理科学,2007,15(2):86–91.ZHANG Haozhi,GAO Ziyou.Optimization approach for traffic road network design problem[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2007,15(2):86–91.
[20]杨小宝,张宁,关羽.基于行为分析的道路通行能力中车道数因素研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(10):104–110.YANG Xiaobao,ZHANG Ning,GUAN Yu.Behavior based analysis of the relationship between expressway capacity and number of lanes[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(10):104–110.
[21]HOOSE H J.Planning effective reversible lane control[J].Traffic Quarterly,1963,17(3):408–413.
[22]HUANG Z X,HE G G.Disequilibrium transportation planning view[C]//WANG K C P,XIAO G P,JI J L.Proceedings of the2nd International Conference on Transportation and Traffic Studies.Beijing:ASCE,2000:305–310.
[23]徐慧智,程国柱,裴玉龙.车道变换行为对道路通行能力影响的研究[J].中国科技论文,2010,5(10):749–753.XU Huizhi,CHENG Guozhu,PEI Yulong.Study on effect of lane-changing behavioral characteristic to capacity[J].Science Online,2010,5(10):749–753.
[24]杨小宝,张宁.道路通行能力中车道数因素的数学分析[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2008,32(4):603–606.YANG Xiaobao,ZHANG Ning.Mathematical analysis of effects of lanes’number on expressway capacity[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2008,32(4):603–606.
[25]王炜,过秀成.交通工程学[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2009:156.WANG Wei,GUO Xiucheng.Traffic engineering[M].Nanjing:Southeast University Press,2009:156.
[26]卢昌康,冯刚,王国海.基于粒子群优化算法和Uniform LBP特征的分块跟踪[J].计算机工程与应用,2016,52(1):200–205.LU Changkang,FENG Gang,WANG Guohai.Particle swarm optimization and uniform LBP-based algorithm for fragment tracking[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2016,52(1):200–205.
[27]程磊生,吴志健,彭虎,等.基于RDD的分布式粒子群优化算法[J].小型微型计算机系统,2016,37(11):2542–2546.CHENG Leisheng,WU Zhijian,PENG Hu,et al.Distributed particle swarm optimization algorithm based on resilient distributed datasets[J].Journal of Chinese Computer Systems,2016,37(11):2542–2546.