基于致动盘的潮流能水轮机尾流场研究
|
摘要
相比于三维CFD叶片真实模拟,致动盘方法将水轮机简化为流场中分布有作用力的核心区域,所需网格大大降低,节省了计算资源和计算时间。文章介绍了一种精度适中、计算成本较低的潮流能水轮机CFD致动盘数值模拟模型,将动量理论与CFD方法相结合,通过致动盘来模拟水轮机对流场的作用,通过求解Navier-Stokes方程获得尾流场。对比基于致动盘理论的数值模拟结果与真实水轮机的水槽实验数据,结果表明,致动盘数值模拟在远尾流处的结果比近尾流处更加接近实验值,致动盘方法很容易捕捉到远尾流的流场情况。研究结果可为潮流能大规模利用的数值模拟提供依据和参考。
Compared with the blade resolved 3D CFD simulations, the actuated disc method simplifies the turbine to the core area with the force acting on the flow field, thus leading to the less number of grids and computing resources and time. This paper introduced a numerical actuating disk simulation model with moderate precision and low calculation cost. The momentum theory was combined with the CFD to simulate the flow field of the turbine through the actuating disk. The wake field was obtained by solving the Navier-Stokes equation. A comparison between CFD actuator disk simulation and experimental measurement indicated that the results of the numerical simulation on the far wake were closer to the experimental results. The actuator disk method can capture the flow field of the far wake well. The results can provide the basis and reference for numerical simulation of largescale utilization of tidal stream energy.
Compared with the blade resolved 3D CFD simulations, the actuated disc method simplifies the turbine to the core area with the force acting on the flow field, thus leading to the less number of grids and computing resources and time. This paper introduced a numerical actuating disk simulation model with moderate precision and low calculation cost. The momentum theory was combined with the CFD to simulate the flow field of the turbine through the actuating disk. The wake field was obtained by solving the Navier-Stokes equation. A comparison between CFD actuator disk simulation and experimental measurement indicated that the results of the numerical simulation on the far wake were closer to the experimental results. The actuator disk method can capture the flow field of the far wake well. The results can provide the basis and reference for numerical simulation of largescale utilization of tidal stream energy.
引文
[1]孙科.竖轴H型叶轮及导流罩流体动力性能数值模拟[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2008.
[2]李冬,王树杰,赵龙武,等.柔性叶片水轮机力学性能测算方法研究[J].水电能源科学,2008,26(2):149-152.
[3]沈云,李龙,朱多彪.水平轴潮流水轮机转轮尾流特性数值分析[J].水电能源科学,2013,31(10):149-151.
[4] Bahaj A S,Molland A F,Chaplin J R,et al. Power and thrust measurements of marine current turbines under various hydrodynamic flow conditions in a cavitation tunnel and a towing tank[J].Renewable Energy,2007,32(3):407-426.
[5] Maganga F,Germain G,King J,et al. Experimental characterisation of flow effects on marine current turbine behaviour and on its wake properties[J].Renewable Power Generation Iet,2010,4(6):498-509.
[6] Myers L E,Bahaj A S. Experimental analysis of the flow field around horizontal axis tidal turbines by use of scale mesh disk rotor simulators[J].Ocean Engineering,2010,37(2-3):218-227.
[7] Tedds S C, Poole R J, Owen I, et al. Experimental investigation of horizontal axis tidal stream turbines[C].9th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference[A].Southampton:EWTEC Publishing,2011.
[8] Bahaj A S, Myers L E, Thomson M D, et al.Characterising the wake of horizontal axis marine current turbines[C].Proceeding 7th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference[A].Porto:EWTEC Publishing,2007.
[9] Sun X, Chick J P, Bryden I G. Laboratory-scale simulation of energy extraction from tidal currents[J].Renewable Energy,2008,33(6):1267-1274.
[10] Afgan I,Mcnaughton J,Rolfo S,et al. Turbulent flow and loading on a tidal stream turbine by LES and RANS[J].International Journal of Heat&Fluid Flow,2013,43(4):96-108.
[11] Nakagawa H. Turbulence in Open-channel Flows[M].London:Routledge,2017.
[12] Stallard T,Feng T,Stansby P K. Experimental study of the mean wake of a tidal stream rotor in a shallow turbulent flow[J].Journal of Fluids&Structures,2015,54:235-246.
[13] Jimenez A,Crespo A,Migoya E,et al. Advances in large-eddy simulation of a wind turbine wake[C].Conference on the Science of Making Torque from Wind[A].Kongens Lyngby:IOP Publishing,2007.
[14] Zhang Y,Zhang J,Zheng Y,et al. Experimental analysis and evaluation of the numerical prediction of wake characteristics of tidal stream turbine[J].Energies,2017,10(12):2057-2068.
[15]黎江,王树杰,司先才,等.线性波作用下水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力性能的数值模拟[J].可再生能源,2017,35(11):1732-1738.
[16]林奇峰,周大庆,赵文龙.叶片材料及根部结构对潮流能水轮机性能的影响[J].可再生能源,2017,35(4):627-632.
[2]李冬,王树杰,赵龙武,等.柔性叶片水轮机力学性能测算方法研究[J].水电能源科学,2008,26(2):149-152.
[3]沈云,李龙,朱多彪.水平轴潮流水轮机转轮尾流特性数值分析[J].水电能源科学,2013,31(10):149-151.
[4] Bahaj A S,Molland A F,Chaplin J R,et al. Power and thrust measurements of marine current turbines under various hydrodynamic flow conditions in a cavitation tunnel and a towing tank[J].Renewable Energy,2007,32(3):407-426.
[5] Maganga F,Germain G,King J,et al. Experimental characterisation of flow effects on marine current turbine behaviour and on its wake properties[J].Renewable Power Generation Iet,2010,4(6):498-509.
[6] Myers L E,Bahaj A S. Experimental analysis of the flow field around horizontal axis tidal turbines by use of scale mesh disk rotor simulators[J].Ocean Engineering,2010,37(2-3):218-227.
[7] Tedds S C, Poole R J, Owen I, et al. Experimental investigation of horizontal axis tidal stream turbines[C].9th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference[A].Southampton:EWTEC Publishing,2011.
[8] Bahaj A S, Myers L E, Thomson M D, et al.Characterising the wake of horizontal axis marine current turbines[C].Proceeding 7th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference[A].Porto:EWTEC Publishing,2007.
[9] Sun X, Chick J P, Bryden I G. Laboratory-scale simulation of energy extraction from tidal currents[J].Renewable Energy,2008,33(6):1267-1274.
[10] Afgan I,Mcnaughton J,Rolfo S,et al. Turbulent flow and loading on a tidal stream turbine by LES and RANS[J].International Journal of Heat&Fluid Flow,2013,43(4):96-108.
[11] Nakagawa H. Turbulence in Open-channel Flows[M].London:Routledge,2017.
[12] Stallard T,Feng T,Stansby P K. Experimental study of the mean wake of a tidal stream rotor in a shallow turbulent flow[J].Journal of Fluids&Structures,2015,54:235-246.
[13] Jimenez A,Crespo A,Migoya E,et al. Advances in large-eddy simulation of a wind turbine wake[C].Conference on the Science of Making Torque from Wind[A].Kongens Lyngby:IOP Publishing,2007.
[14] Zhang Y,Zhang J,Zheng Y,et al. Experimental analysis and evaluation of the numerical prediction of wake characteristics of tidal stream turbine[J].Energies,2017,10(12):2057-2068.
[15]黎江,王树杰,司先才,等.线性波作用下水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力性能的数值模拟[J].可再生能源,2017,35(11):1732-1738.
[16]林奇峰,周大庆,赵文龙.叶片材料及根部结构对潮流能水轮机性能的影响[J].可再生能源,2017,35(4):627-632.