潮滩沉积物-水界面磷、铁的高分辨率分布特征及生物地球化学行为
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摘要
为了解潮间带微环境中磷、铁元素的分布和耦合规律及对磷释放的影响,借助薄膜扩散梯度技术(ZrO-Chelex DGT)原位高分辨率获取九龙江口红树林潮滩孔隙水剖面的溶解活性磷(DRP)、Fe~(2+)浓度,并测定沉积物相应的理化参数.研究结果表明:(1)在表层孔隙水中,DRP、Fe~(2+)浓度呈现显著的正相关性,证实了磷、铁元素的耦合关系以及沉积物铁氧化物对磷吸附/解吸附的控制作用;(2)在深部还原带,DRP浓度相对Fe~(2+)浓度具有较大的波动,主要受到沉积物异质性以及红树植物吸收等的影响;(3)根据表层孔隙水中DRP的浓度梯度计算获得磷的分子扩散通量为0.000 64～0.006 00μg·cm~(-2)·d~(-1),结果远低于一般湖泊沉积物内源磷的扩散通量,原因是富铁且具较深氧化带的潮滩沉积物中的磷-铁耦合关系有效地抑制了磷的释放.
To find out distribution and coupling pattern of iron and phosphorus,as well as impact on phosphorus release in microenvironment of intertidal region.with the help of diffusive gradients in thin films technique(ZrO-Chelex DGT),we obtained in-situ high-resolution DRP and Fe~(2+) concentrations in porewater profiles of mangrove tidal flat in Jiulong River estuary,as well as the corresponding sediment properties in this study.The results show:(1)In surface porewater,the remarkable positive correlation between DRP and Fe~(2+) verified the coupling relationship of these two elements and the crucial effects of sediment iron(III)(oxyhydr)oxides on the absorption/desorption of phosphorus;(2)in deep anoxic porewater,on account of sediment heterogeneity and absorption by mangrove plants,DRP concentrations presented obvious fluctuations compared with Fe~(2+);(3)the molecular diffusion flux was estimated ranging from 0.000 64 to 0.006 00μg·cm~(-2)·d~(-1) based on DRP concentrations gradient in surface porewater,which are much lower than results of general lake research.The main reason is P-Fe coupling in this iron-rich tidal flat sediment with deep oxidation zone which effectively restrains phosphorus release.
To find out distribution and coupling pattern of iron and phosphorus,as well as impact on phosphorus release in microenvironment of intertidal region.with the help of diffusive gradients in thin films technique(ZrO-Chelex DGT),we obtained in-situ high-resolution DRP and Fe~(2+) concentrations in porewater profiles of mangrove tidal flat in Jiulong River estuary,as well as the corresponding sediment properties in this study.The results show:(1)In surface porewater,the remarkable positive correlation between DRP and Fe~(2+) verified the coupling relationship of these two elements and the crucial effects of sediment iron(III)(oxyhydr)oxides on the absorption/desorption of phosphorus;(2)in deep anoxic porewater,on account of sediment heterogeneity and absorption by mangrove plants,DRP concentrations presented obvious fluctuations compared with Fe~(2+);(3)the molecular diffusion flux was estimated ranging from 0.000 64 to 0.006 00μg·cm~(-2)·d~(-1) based on DRP concentrations gradient in surface porewater,which are much lower than results of general lake research.The main reason is P-Fe coupling in this iron-rich tidal flat sediment with deep oxidation zone which effectively restrains phosphorus release.
引文
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Chen,M.S.,Ding,S.M.,Liu,L.,et al.,2015.Iron-Coupled Inactivation of Phosphorus in Sediments by Macrozoobenthos(Chironomid Larvae)Bioturbation:Evidences from High-Resolution Dynamic Measurements.Environmental Pollution,204:241-247.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.04.031
Ding,S.,Wan,G.Y.,Xu,D.,et al.,2013.Gel-Based Coloration Technique for the Submillimeter-Scale Imaging of Labile Phosphorus in Sediments and Soils with Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films.Environmental Science&Technology,47(14):7821-7829.https://doi.org/10.1021/es400192j
Ding,S.M.,Xu,D.,Sun,Q.,et al.,2010.Measurement of Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus Using the Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique with a High-Capacity Binding Phase.Environmental Science&Technology,44(21):8169-8174.https://doi.org/10.1021/es1020873
Ding,S.M.,Han,C.,Wang,Y.P.,et al.,2015.In Situ,HighResolution Imaging of Labile Phosphorus in Sediments of a Large Eutrophic Lake.Water Research,74:100-109.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.008
Fan,C.X.,Zhou,Y.Y.,Wu,Q.L.,et al.,2013.The SedimentWater Interface of Lakes:Processes and Effects.Science Press,Beijing,71(in Chinese).
Gao,C.M.,Zhu,Z.,Wang,G.Q.,et al.,2015.The Distribution of Phosphorus Forms and Its Environmental Significance in the Marine Ranching Demonstration Area of Haizhou Bay Sediment.China Environmental Science,35(11):3437-3444(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gao,J.,Zheng,T.L.,Deng,Y.M.,et al.,2017.Indigenous Iron-Reducing Bacteria and Their Impacts on Arsenic Release in Arsenic-Affected Aquifer in Jianghan Plain.Earth Science,42(5):716-726(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gao,Y.L.,Liang,T.,Tian,S.H.,et al.,2016.HighResolution Imaging of Labile Phosphorus and Its Relationship with Iron Redox State in Lake Sediments.Environmental Pollution,219:466-474.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.053
Han,C.,Ding,S.M.,Yao,L.,et al.,2015.Dynamics of Phosphorus-Iron-Sulfur at the Sediment-Water Interface Influenced by Algae Blooms Decomposition.Journal of Hazardous Materials,300:329-337.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.07.009
Hou,Z.Y.,Guo,C.S.,Wang,J.Q.,et al.,2016.Using Gassmann Equation Predict Marine Sediment Porosity.Earth Science,41(7):1198-1205(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang,X.,Jin,X.C.,Yao,Y.,et al.,2008.Effects of Biological Activity,Light,Temperature and Oxygen on Phosphorus Release Processes at the Sediment and Water Interface of Taihu Lake,China.Water Research,42(8):2251-2259.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.12.003
Jiao,N.Z.,1989.On the Problem of Phosphorus-Release from the Sediment.Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,(2):80-84(in Chinese with English abstract).
Karamanev,D.G.,Nikolov,L.N.,Mamatarkova,V.,2002.Rapid Simultaneous Quantitative Determination of Ferric and Ferrous Ions in Drainage Waters and Similar Solutions.Minerals Engineering,15(5):341-346.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0892-6875(02)00026-2
Kristensen,E.,Alongi,D.M.,2006.Control by Fiddler Crabs(Uca Vocans)and Plant Roots(Avicennia Marina)on Carbon,Iron,and Sulfur Biogeochemistry in Mangrove Sediment.Limnology and Oceanography,51(4):1557-1571.https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2006.51.4.1557
Lee,E.Y.,Cho,K.S.,Ryu,H.W.,2002.Microbial Refinement of Kaolin by Iron-Reducing Bacteria.Applied Clay Science,22(1):47-53.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-1317(02)00111-4
Liang,J.,Lu,C.Y.,Ye,Y.,et al.,2013.Soil Respiration in a Subtropical Mangrove Wetland in the Jiulong River Estuary,China.Pedosphere,23(5):678-685.https://doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0160(13)60060-0
Li,B.,Jia,F.,Zhang,Y.L.,et al.,2011.High-Resolution and Synchronous Analyses of Dissoloved Reactive Phosphorus(DRP)and Dissolved Ferrous Iron in Pore Waters of Sediments.Ecology and Environmental Sciences,20(3):485-489(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,R.,Ye,Y.,Chen,G.C.,et al.,2007.Effect of Aegiceras Corniculata Mangrove Rehabilitation on Macro-Benthic Animals in Jiulongjiang River Estuary.Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science),46(1):109-114(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,Y.H.,Gregory,S.,1974.Diffusion of Ions in Sea Water and in Deep-Sea Sediments.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,38(5):703-714.https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(74)90145-8
Lukkari,K.,Leivuori,M.,Vallius,H.,et al.,2009.The Chemical Character and Burial of Phosphorus in Shallow Coastal Sediments in the Northeastern Baltic Sea.Biogeochemistry,94(2):141-162.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9315-y
Luo,J.,Chen,J.A.,Wang,J.F.,et al.,2015.Estimation of the Phosphorus Flux from the Sediments in Hongfeng Lake Using the Zr-Oxide Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films(Zr-Oxide DGT)Technique.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,34(5):1014-1020(in Chinese with English abstract).
McGowan,K.T.,Martin,J.B.,2007.Chemical Composition of Mangrove-Generated Brines in Bishop Harbor,Florida:Interactions with Submarine Groundwater Discharge.Marine Chemistry,104(1):58-68.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2006.12.006
Pagès,A.,Teasdale,P.R.,Robertson,D.,et al.,2011.Representative Measurement of Two-Dimensional Reactive Phosphate Distributions and Co-Distributed Iron(II)and Sulfide in Seagrass Sediment Porewaters.Chemosphere,85(8):1256-1261.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.07.020
Qian,B.,Liu,L.,Xiao,X.,et al.,2014.The Process of Phosphorus Release from Lake Sediments on the MicroInterface.Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,45(4):482-489(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ruban,V.,López-Sánchez,J.F.,Pardo,P.,et al.,2001.Harmonized Protocol and Certified Reference Material for the Determination of Extractable Contents of Phosphorus in Freshwater Sediments-A Synthesis of Recent Works.Fresenius'Journal of Analytical Chemistry,370(2-3):224-228.https://doi.org/10.1007/s002160100753
Shen,S.,Ma,T.,Du,Y.,et al.,2017.Dynamic Variations of Nitrogenin Groundwater under Influence of Seasonal Hydrological Condition in Typical Area of Jianghan Plain.Earth Science,42(5):674-684(in Chinese with English abstract).
Skoog,A.C.,Arias-Esquivel,V.A.,2009.The Effect of Induced Anoxia and Reoxygenation on Benthic Fluxes of Organic Carbon,Phosphate,Iron,and Manganese.Science of the Total Environment,407(23):6085-6092.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.030
State Administration for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine,National Standardization Administration Committee,2007.GB 17378-2007,The Specification for Marine Monitoring China.Ocean Press,Beijing,54(in Chinese).
Stockdale,A.,Davison,W.,Zhang,H.,2009.Micro-Scale Biogeochemical Heterogeneity in Sediments:A Review of Available Technology and Observed Evidence.EarthScience Reviews,92(1):81-97.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.11.003
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