激光冲击强化对回转支承用钢42CrMo表面性能的影响
|
摘要
目的研究激光冲击强化对回转支承用钢42CrMo表面形貌、表面硬度、微观组织和残余应力的影响,为后续研究激光冲击强化技术在回转支承上的应用提供指导和依据。方法采用高功率短脉冲的强激光束对回转支承用钢42CrMo试样进行激光冲击处理,然后用共聚焦显微镜进行表面形貌观察,用维氏硬度计测量冲击前后试样的表面硬度,用扫描电子显微镜观察截面微观组织结构,最后运用ABAQUS模拟激光冲击后的残余应力场。结果光斑直径为3 mm,脉冲宽度为8 ns,激光能量为2、3、4、5 J的情况下,激光冲击后产生的微凹坑最大深度分别为2.17、3.54、4.67、6.07μm,材料表面最高硬度较基体分别提高了10.10%、12.58%、13.58%、17.38%,材料表面的最大残余压应力分别为-210、-384、-495、-508 MPa。观察微观组织发现,激光冲击后塑性变形区的板条马氏体长度和宽度较基体材料更小,且分布更加均匀。结论激光冲击强化回转支承用钢42CrMo后,会在材料表面产生微米级的凹坑,并在材料表面和一定深度方向上产生残余压应力。在一定参数范围内,凹坑最大深度、材料表面硬度和最大残余压应力均随激光能量的增大而增大。回转支承用钢42CrMo的激光冲击强化机理是板条状回火马氏体的细化。
The work aims to study effect of laser shock peening on the surface morphology, surface hardness, microstructureand residual stress of slewing bearing steel 42 CrMo and further provide guidance for the application of laser shock peeningtechnology in slewing bearing in the future. Laser shock treatment was applied to slewing bearing steel 42 CrMo sample withhigh-power short-pulse intense laser beam. Then, the surface morphology was observed by confocal microscope. The surfacehardness of the samples before and after shock was measured by vickers hardness tester. Cross section microstructure was ob-served by scanning electron microscope. Finally, the simulation software ABAQUS was used to simulate the residual stress fieldafter laser shock. In the case of spot diameter of 3 mm, the pulse width of 8 ns, and the laser energy of 2, 3, 4 and 5 J, the maxi-mum depth of micro-pit after laser shock was 2.17, 3.54, 4.67 and 6.07 μm, the maximum hardness of material surface was in-creased by 10.10%, 12.58%, 13.58% and 17.38% respectively and the maximum residual compressive stress of material surfacewas-210,-384,-495 and-508 MPa respectively. Microstructure observation results showed that the length and width of lathmartensite in plastic deformation layer after laser shock peening were smaller and more uniform than those in base material. Af-ter laser shock peening, micro-pit is produced on the surface of slewing bearing steel 42 CrMo, and the residual compressivestress is produced on the surface and in a certain depth direction of the material. Within a range of parameters, the maximumdepth, surface hardness and maximum residual compressive stress increase as the laser energy increases. The mechanism of la-ser shock peening to slewing bearing steel 42 CrMo is the refinement of lath tempered martensite.
The work aims to study effect of laser shock peening on the surface morphology, surface hardness, microstructureand residual stress of slewing bearing steel 42 CrMo and further provide guidance for the application of laser shock peeningtechnology in slewing bearing in the future. Laser shock treatment was applied to slewing bearing steel 42 CrMo sample withhigh-power short-pulse intense laser beam. Then, the surface morphology was observed by confocal microscope. The surfacehardness of the samples before and after shock was measured by vickers hardness tester. Cross section microstructure was ob-served by scanning electron microscope. Finally, the simulation software ABAQUS was used to simulate the residual stress fieldafter laser shock. In the case of spot diameter of 3 mm, the pulse width of 8 ns, and the laser energy of 2, 3, 4 and 5 J, the maxi-mum depth of micro-pit after laser shock was 2.17, 3.54, 4.67 and 6.07 μm, the maximum hardness of material surface was in-creased by 10.10%, 12.58%, 13.58% and 17.38% respectively and the maximum residual compressive stress of material surfacewas-210,-384,-495 and-508 MPa respectively. Microstructure observation results showed that the length and width of lathmartensite in plastic deformation layer after laser shock peening were smaller and more uniform than those in base material. Af-ter laser shock peening, micro-pit is produced on the surface of slewing bearing steel 42 CrMo, and the residual compressivestress is produced on the surface and in a certain depth direction of the material. Within a range of parameters, the maximumdepth, surface hardness and maximum residual compressive stress increase as the laser energy increases. The mechanism of la-ser shock peening to slewing bearing steel 42 CrMo is the refinement of lath tempered martensite.
引文
[1]顾家祯.回转支承材料及力学性能研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2012.GU Jia-zhen.Research on material and mechanical property of slewing bearing[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2012.
[2]DINDAR A,AKK?K M,?ALI?KAN M.Experimental determination and analytical model of friction torque of a double row roller slewing bearing[J].Journal of tribology,2017,139(2):021503.
[3]周志明.Wk-10挖掘机回转支承的失效分析及力学性能研究[D].鞍山:辽宁科技大学,2013.ZHOU Zhi-ming.The failure analysis and the research on mechanical properties of Wk-10 mining excavator slewing bearing[D].Anshan:University of Science and Technology Liaoning,2013.
[4]胡延平,徐强,唐华峰,等.基于ANSYS的多点式中频感应淬火温度场有限元模拟[J].金属热处理,2015,40(4):169-173.HU Yan-ping,XU Qiang,TANG Hua-feng,et al.Temperature field FEM simulation of multi-point mediumfrequency induction hardening based on ANSYS[J].Heat treatment of metals,2015,40(4):169-173.
[5]HE P,LIU R,HONG R,et al.Hardened raceway calculation analysis of a three-row roller slewing bearing[J].International journal of mechanical sciences,2018,137:133-144.
[6]吴嘉俊,赵吉宾,乔红超,等.激光冲击强化技术的应用现状与发展[J].光电工程,2018,45(2):170690.WU Jia-jun,ZHAO Ji-bin,QIAO Hong-chao,et al.The application status and development of laser shock processing[J].Opto-electronic engineering,2018,45(2):170690.
[7]孙汝剑,朱颖,郭伟,等.激光冲击强化对TC17表面形貌及残余应力场影响的有限元数值模拟[J].塑性工程学报,2017,24(1):187-193.SUN Ru-jian,ZHU Ying,GUO Wei,et al.Effect of laser shock processing on surface morphology and residual stress field of TC17 titanium alloy by FEM method[J].Journal of plasticity engineering,2017,24(1):187-193.
[8]SALIMIANRIZI A,FOROOZMEHR E,BADROSSA-MAY M,et al.Effect of laser shock peening on surface properties and residual stress of Al6061-T6[J].Optics&lasers in engineering,2016,77:112-117.
[9]罗开玉,周阳,鲁金忠,等.激光冲击强化对316L不锈钢熔覆层微观结构和性能的影响[J].中国激光,2017,44(4):0402005.LUO Kai-yu,ZHOU Yang,LU Jin-zhong,et al.Influence of laser shock peening on microstructure and property of cladding layer of 316L stainless steel[J].Chinese journal of lasers,2017,44(4):0402005.
[10]KATTOURA M,MANNAVA S R,DONG Q,et al.Effect of laser shock peening on residual stress,microstructure and fatigue behavior of ATI 718plus alloy[J].International journal of fatigue,2017,102:121-134.
[11]SHUKLA P,NATH S,WANG G,et al.Surface property modifications of silicon carbide ceramic following laser shock peening[J].Journal of the European ceramic society,2017,37(9):3027-3038.
[12]杨灏,乔红超,赵吉宾,等.激光冲击强化FV520B叶片钢的表面形貌与疲劳寿命的研究[J].激光杂志,2017,38(9):1-4.YANG Hao,QIAO Hong-chao,ZHAO Ji-bin,et al.Research on surface morphology and fatigue life of laser shock peening on the FV520B blade steel[J].Laser journal,2017,38(9):1-4.
[13]陆金花,冯爱新,陈风国.激光冲击对45钢-40Cr钢焊接接头组织与性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(6):101-104.LU Jin-hua,FENG Ai-xin,CHEN Feng-guo.Effect of laser shocking on microstructure and properties of 45steel-40Cr steel welded joint[J].Heat treatment of metals,2017,42(6):101-104.
[14]王建杰,陈立宇,杨夏明,等.激光冲击强化H13热作模具钢的性能分析[J].热加工工艺,2018,47(10):119-123.WANG Jian-jie,CHEN Li-yu,YANG Xia-ming,et al.Analysis on performance of laser shock strengthening H13 hot-work die steel[J].Hot working technology,2018,47(10):119-123.
[15]FABBRO R,FOURNIER J,BALLARD P,et al.Physical study of laser-produced plasma in confined geometry[J].Journal of applied physics,1990,68(2):775-784.
[16]YE C,CHENG G J.Fatigue performance improvement by dynamic strain aging and dynamic precipitation in warm laser shock peening of AISI 4140 steel[C]//ASME2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference.[s.l.]:American society of mechanical engineers(ASME),2010.
[17]张超,花银群,帅文文,等.激光冲击对WC-Co硬质合金微观结构和残余应力的影响[J].表面技术,2018,47(4):230-235.ZHANG Chao,HUA Yin-qun,SHUAI Wen-wen,et al.Effect of laser shot peening on microstructure and residual stress of WC-Co cemented carbide[J].Surface technology,2018,47(4):230-235.
[18]朱鹏霄,李毅,冯坤,等.淬火温度对25Cr Mn B钢组织与性能影响[J].金属热处理,2018,43(1):175-178.ZHU Peng-xiao,LI Yi,FENG Kun,et al.Effect of quenching temperature on microstructure and properties of25CrMnB steel[J].Heat treatment of metals,2018,43(1):175-178.
[19]杨庚蔚.新型超高强度马氏体钢组织超细化控制技术及机理研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2013.YANG Geng-wei.Study on controlling the refinement and mechanism of microstructure of a novel ultrahigh strength martensitic steel[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2013.
[20]ZHANG X Q,LI H,YU X L,et al.Investigation on effect of laser shock processing on fatigue crack initiation and its growth in aluminum alloy plate[J].Materials and design,2015,65:425-431.
[21]JOHNSON G R,COOK W H.A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains,high strain rates and high temperatures[C]//Proceedings of the seventh international symposium on ballistics.Hague:[s.n.],1983:541-547.
[22]CAO Yun-feng,SHIN Yung-C,WU Ben-xin.A parametric study on overlapping laser shock peening of 4140 steel via modeling and experiments[C]//Proceedings of the ASME international manufacturing science and engineering conference.[s.l.]:ASME three park,2008.
[23]HONG Xin,WANG Sheng-bo,GUO Da-hao,et al.Confining medium and absorptive overlay:their effects on a laser-induced shock wave[J].Optics&lasers in engineering,1998,29(6):447-455.
[24]孙博宇,乔红超,赵吉宾,等.高斯模激光冲击钛合金薄壁件应力场的演变机制[J].中国激光,2018,45(5):0502005.SUN Bo-yu,QIAO Hong-chao,ZHAO Ji-bin,et al.Evolution mechanism of residual stress field in gaussian laser shocking of titanium alloy thin-wall workpieces[J].Chinese journal of lasers,2018,45(5):0502005.
[2]DINDAR A,AKK?K M,?ALI?KAN M.Experimental determination and analytical model of friction torque of a double row roller slewing bearing[J].Journal of tribology,2017,139(2):021503.
[3]周志明.Wk-10挖掘机回转支承的失效分析及力学性能研究[D].鞍山:辽宁科技大学,2013.ZHOU Zhi-ming.The failure analysis and the research on mechanical properties of Wk-10 mining excavator slewing bearing[D].Anshan:University of Science and Technology Liaoning,2013.
[4]胡延平,徐强,唐华峰,等.基于ANSYS的多点式中频感应淬火温度场有限元模拟[J].金属热处理,2015,40(4):169-173.HU Yan-ping,XU Qiang,TANG Hua-feng,et al.Temperature field FEM simulation of multi-point mediumfrequency induction hardening based on ANSYS[J].Heat treatment of metals,2015,40(4):169-173.
[5]HE P,LIU R,HONG R,et al.Hardened raceway calculation analysis of a three-row roller slewing bearing[J].International journal of mechanical sciences,2018,137:133-144.
[6]吴嘉俊,赵吉宾,乔红超,等.激光冲击强化技术的应用现状与发展[J].光电工程,2018,45(2):170690.WU Jia-jun,ZHAO Ji-bin,QIAO Hong-chao,et al.The application status and development of laser shock processing[J].Opto-electronic engineering,2018,45(2):170690.
[7]孙汝剑,朱颖,郭伟,等.激光冲击强化对TC17表面形貌及残余应力场影响的有限元数值模拟[J].塑性工程学报,2017,24(1):187-193.SUN Ru-jian,ZHU Ying,GUO Wei,et al.Effect of laser shock processing on surface morphology and residual stress field of TC17 titanium alloy by FEM method[J].Journal of plasticity engineering,2017,24(1):187-193.
[8]SALIMIANRIZI A,FOROOZMEHR E,BADROSSA-MAY M,et al.Effect of laser shock peening on surface properties and residual stress of Al6061-T6[J].Optics&lasers in engineering,2016,77:112-117.
[9]罗开玉,周阳,鲁金忠,等.激光冲击强化对316L不锈钢熔覆层微观结构和性能的影响[J].中国激光,2017,44(4):0402005.LUO Kai-yu,ZHOU Yang,LU Jin-zhong,et al.Influence of laser shock peening on microstructure and property of cladding layer of 316L stainless steel[J].Chinese journal of lasers,2017,44(4):0402005.
[10]KATTOURA M,MANNAVA S R,DONG Q,et al.Effect of laser shock peening on residual stress,microstructure and fatigue behavior of ATI 718plus alloy[J].International journal of fatigue,2017,102:121-134.
[11]SHUKLA P,NATH S,WANG G,et al.Surface property modifications of silicon carbide ceramic following laser shock peening[J].Journal of the European ceramic society,2017,37(9):3027-3038.
[12]杨灏,乔红超,赵吉宾,等.激光冲击强化FV520B叶片钢的表面形貌与疲劳寿命的研究[J].激光杂志,2017,38(9):1-4.YANG Hao,QIAO Hong-chao,ZHAO Ji-bin,et al.Research on surface morphology and fatigue life of laser shock peening on the FV520B blade steel[J].Laser journal,2017,38(9):1-4.
[13]陆金花,冯爱新,陈风国.激光冲击对45钢-40Cr钢焊接接头组织与性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(6):101-104.LU Jin-hua,FENG Ai-xin,CHEN Feng-guo.Effect of laser shocking on microstructure and properties of 45steel-40Cr steel welded joint[J].Heat treatment of metals,2017,42(6):101-104.
[14]王建杰,陈立宇,杨夏明,等.激光冲击强化H13热作模具钢的性能分析[J].热加工工艺,2018,47(10):119-123.WANG Jian-jie,CHEN Li-yu,YANG Xia-ming,et al.Analysis on performance of laser shock strengthening H13 hot-work die steel[J].Hot working technology,2018,47(10):119-123.
[15]FABBRO R,FOURNIER J,BALLARD P,et al.Physical study of laser-produced plasma in confined geometry[J].Journal of applied physics,1990,68(2):775-784.
[16]YE C,CHENG G J.Fatigue performance improvement by dynamic strain aging and dynamic precipitation in warm laser shock peening of AISI 4140 steel[C]//ASME2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference.[s.l.]:American society of mechanical engineers(ASME),2010.
[17]张超,花银群,帅文文,等.激光冲击对WC-Co硬质合金微观结构和残余应力的影响[J].表面技术,2018,47(4):230-235.ZHANG Chao,HUA Yin-qun,SHUAI Wen-wen,et al.Effect of laser shot peening on microstructure and residual stress of WC-Co cemented carbide[J].Surface technology,2018,47(4):230-235.
[18]朱鹏霄,李毅,冯坤,等.淬火温度对25Cr Mn B钢组织与性能影响[J].金属热处理,2018,43(1):175-178.ZHU Peng-xiao,LI Yi,FENG Kun,et al.Effect of quenching temperature on microstructure and properties of25CrMnB steel[J].Heat treatment of metals,2018,43(1):175-178.
[19]杨庚蔚.新型超高强度马氏体钢组织超细化控制技术及机理研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2013.YANG Geng-wei.Study on controlling the refinement and mechanism of microstructure of a novel ultrahigh strength martensitic steel[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2013.
[20]ZHANG X Q,LI H,YU X L,et al.Investigation on effect of laser shock processing on fatigue crack initiation and its growth in aluminum alloy plate[J].Materials and design,2015,65:425-431.
[21]JOHNSON G R,COOK W H.A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains,high strain rates and high temperatures[C]//Proceedings of the seventh international symposium on ballistics.Hague:[s.n.],1983:541-547.
[22]CAO Yun-feng,SHIN Yung-C,WU Ben-xin.A parametric study on overlapping laser shock peening of 4140 steel via modeling and experiments[C]//Proceedings of the ASME international manufacturing science and engineering conference.[s.l.]:ASME three park,2008.
[23]HONG Xin,WANG Sheng-bo,GUO Da-hao,et al.Confining medium and absorptive overlay:their effects on a laser-induced shock wave[J].Optics&lasers in engineering,1998,29(6):447-455.
[24]孙博宇,乔红超,赵吉宾,等.高斯模激光冲击钛合金薄壁件应力场的演变机制[J].中国激光,2018,45(5):0502005.SUN Bo-yu,QIAO Hong-chao,ZHAO Ji-bin,et al.Evolution mechanism of residual stress field in gaussian laser shocking of titanium alloy thin-wall workpieces[J].Chinese journal of lasers,2018,45(5):0502005.