国产核级奥氏体不锈钢的TIG焊接性能研究
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摘要
核燃料是核电系统链式反应的核心要素,其结构的稳固和可靠对核电的运行安全非常关键。核电站对核燃料骨架的主要组成材料——核级奥氏体不锈钢的焊接及抗腐蚀性能要求很高,目前大部分核电站的堆芯零件用核级不锈钢都依赖进口,不利于国家核电安全。从堆芯零件用不锈钢材料的焊接性能角度,首先对试制国产材料进行3次改性试验研究,得到提高国产核级不锈钢材料焊接性能的思路;然后针对国产材料焊接性能的不足,研究出适用于国产材料的专用焊接技术。新技术利用焊缝热影响区特殊几何结构所产生的热应力,拘束熔池金属运动,从而改善国产材料的焊接性能。该技术目前已通过了各项工艺技术评审,并成功应用于"华龙一号"国产化核燃料组件的制造中。这对提高国产化燃料组件零件材料的焊接性能,改善核燃料焊接质量具有重要的理论意义。
Fuel assembly is the core elements of chain reaction in nuclear power systems. Its structural stability and reliability are critical to the safety of nuclear power operation. Nuclear power plant has high requirements for the welding performance and corrosion resistance of nuclear austenite stainless steel,which is the main component of the nuclear fuel skeleton. At present,most nuclear austenite stainless steels for reactor core parts of nuclear power plant rely on import. This is not good for national nuclear safety. From the angle of the welding performance of domestic nuclear austenite stainless steel for reactor core part,Firstly,three modification experiments are carried out on the trial-produced domestic materials,and the idea of improving welding performance is obtained. Then,for insufficient welding performance of domestic materials,a special welding technology suitable for domestic materials is developed.The new technology utilizes the thermal stress produced by the special geometric structure of weld heat affected zone to restrain the movement of metal in molten pool,thus improving the welding performance of domestic materials. This developed welding technology has passed all kinds of technical evaluation and has been successfully applied to the localization of nuclear fuel assembly manufacturing in the HPR1000. The research results are greatly significant for improving the welding performance and quality of domestic nuclear fuel assembly parts.
Fuel assembly is the core elements of chain reaction in nuclear power systems. Its structural stability and reliability are critical to the safety of nuclear power operation. Nuclear power plant has high requirements for the welding performance and corrosion resistance of nuclear austenite stainless steel,which is the main component of the nuclear fuel skeleton. At present,most nuclear austenite stainless steels for reactor core parts of nuclear power plant rely on import. This is not good for national nuclear safety. From the angle of the welding performance of domestic nuclear austenite stainless steel for reactor core part,Firstly,three modification experiments are carried out on the trial-produced domestic materials,and the idea of improving welding performance is obtained. Then,for insufficient welding performance of domestic materials,a special welding technology suitable for domestic materials is developed.The new technology utilizes the thermal stress produced by the special geometric structure of weld heat affected zone to restrain the movement of metal in molten pool,thus improving the welding performance of domestic materials. This developed welding technology has passed all kinds of technical evaluation and has been successfully applied to the localization of nuclear fuel assembly manufacturing in the HPR1000. The research results are greatly significant for improving the welding performance and quality of domestic nuclear fuel assembly parts.
引文
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[3]孟庆森.金属材料焊接基础[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006:190-195.
[4]李冬杰,陆善平,李殿中,等. TIG焊接过程中熔池对流形式的示踪分析[J].焊接学报,2011,32(8):45-49.
[5]郭寿汾,朴东光,吴成材,等. GB/T 3375-94,焊接术语[S].国家技术监督局,1994.
[6]王文翰.焊接技术手册[M].河南:科学技术出版社,1999.
[7]陈邦固,秦伯雄.缝隙型试件拘束度和拘束应的研究[J].焊接学报,1992,16(8):58-60.