钛表面激光快速成形AlSi10Mg合金的稀释特性研究
|
摘要
为保证激光快速成形制备钛铝层状复合材料具有良好的冶金结合,分析了主要工艺参数对稀释率的影响,并采用EPMA、SEM、OM、XRD和显微硬度测试等方法对稀释过程中组织结构演变、相组成以及稀释对显微硬度分布的影响等稀释特征进行了研究。结果表明:激光功率和扫描速率的增大引起稀释率增加,76%左右稀释率的样品表面平整光滑,无明显裂纹;稀释作用导致熔池内部发生对流现象,使成分趋于均一,但仍存在宏观偏析现象,熔化基体对熔池成分的稀释生成大量AlTi_3、Al_3Ti中间相和Si_2Ti、Ti_5Si_3陶瓷相;激光成形过程的快速冷却导致的晶粒细化和稀释作用生成的硬质相使熔池区显微硬度明显增加,为基体硬度的5倍左右。
In order to ensure that the titanium-aluminum layered composite prepared by laser rapid forming has good metallurgical bonding,the effect of main process parameters on the dilution rate was analyzed. And dilution characteristics such as microstructure evolution,phase composition,and dilution effects on microhardness were studied using EPMA,SEM,OM,XRD and micro-hardness test. The results show that the dilution rate increases with the increase of laser power or scanning speed. The sample with dilution ratio of 76% has smooth surface and no obvious cracks. Dilution causes the convection phenomenon inside the molten pool to make the ingredients tend to be uniform but there is still macro segregation. A large amount of AlTi_3,Al_3 Ti mesophase and Si_2 Ti,Ti_5 Si_3 ceramic phases are produced via the dilution of the molten pool by melting matrix. The grain refinement caused by the rapid cooling of the laser process and the hard phase produced by dilution significantly increase the microhardness of the molten pool area,where the microhardness is about 5 times the hardness of the matrix.
In order to ensure that the titanium-aluminum layered composite prepared by laser rapid forming has good metallurgical bonding,the effect of main process parameters on the dilution rate was analyzed. And dilution characteristics such as microstructure evolution,phase composition,and dilution effects on microhardness were studied using EPMA,SEM,OM,XRD and micro-hardness test. The results show that the dilution rate increases with the increase of laser power or scanning speed. The sample with dilution ratio of 76% has smooth surface and no obvious cracks. Dilution causes the convection phenomenon inside the molten pool to make the ingredients tend to be uniform but there is still macro segregation. A large amount of AlTi_3,Al_3 Ti mesophase and Si_2 Ti,Ti_5 Si_3 ceramic phases are produced via the dilution of the molten pool by melting matrix. The grain refinement caused by the rapid cooling of the laser process and the hard phase produced by dilution significantly increase the microhardness of the molten pool area,where the microhardness is about 5 times the hardness of the matrix.
引文
[1]喻思,郎利辉,王刚,等.热等静压成形2A12铝合金粉末的数值模拟研究[J].粉末冶金工业,2016,26(2):17.
[2]胡斌,高志华,高明伟,等.环缝式电磁搅拌技术对挤压铸造7075铝合金组织和性能的影响[J].金属功能材料,2017,24(5):44.
[3]张庆耀,于霞,郭仙,等.铝合金表面的仿生构建研究[J].金属功能材料,2018,25(3):41.
[4]刘珍珍,王春明,肖素芬,等.不同尺寸HDH钛粉末烧结后的显微组织与力学性能分析[J].粉末冶金工业,2015,25(3):29.
[5]范兴平,杨成.烧结温度对生物医用钛基复合材料性能的影响[J].粉末冶金工业,2016,26(6):46.
[6]邵甄胰,李峰,张建林,等.稀土掺杂纳米相增强Ti-HA复合材料研究进展[J].金属功能材料,2017,24(2):13.
[7] GUO X Z,FAN M Y,LIU Z L,et al. Explosive cladding and hot pressing of Ti/Al/Ti laminates[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2017,46(5):1192.
[8] Whittaker D. 2015欧洲粉末冶金大会的金属增材制造:高温合金、粉末雾化、喷墨和激光金属沉积工艺的进展[J].粉末冶金工业,2016,26(3):1.
[9] ZHANG Z,YU T,Kovacevic R. Erosion and corrosion resistance of laser cladded AISI 420 stainless steel reinforced with VC[J]. Applied Surface Science,2017,410:225.
[10] Brandl E,Heckenberger U,Holzinger V,et al. Additive manufactured AlSi10Mg samples using selective laser melting(SLM):microstructure,high cycle fatigue,and fracture behavior[J]. Materials and Design,2012,34:159.
[11]张娟,李洋波,孟宪磊,等.金属粉末激光烧结过程中搭接率敏感性分析[J].粉末冶金工业,2017,27(1):31.
[12]史金光,翁子清,金霞.选择性激光熔化高熵合金CoCrFeNiMn成形试验[J].工业技术创新,2017,4(4):48.
[13]陈菊芳,陈国炎,孙凌燕,等. H13钢表面激光熔覆层稀释率及强化效果研究[J].激光技术,2017(4):596.
[14]杨洗陈,郑天禧,张乃坤,等. FeCrSiB合金激光熔敷中对流传质研究[J].金属学报,1992,28(2):86.
[15]张洋,宋博瀚,薛峰.稀释率对镍基合金激光熔覆层组织和性能的影响[J].应用激光,2016,36(3):259.
[16] HUANG Y. Characterization of dilution action in laser-induction hybrid cladding[J]. Optics&Laser Technology,2011,43:965.
[17]胡赓祥,蔡珣,戎咏华.材料科学基础[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006.
[18] ZHAO G,Cho C,Kim J-D. Application of 3-D finite element method using Lagrangian formulation to dilution control in laser cladding process[J]. Mechanical Sciences,2003,45:777.
[2]胡斌,高志华,高明伟,等.环缝式电磁搅拌技术对挤压铸造7075铝合金组织和性能的影响[J].金属功能材料,2017,24(5):44.
[3]张庆耀,于霞,郭仙,等.铝合金表面的仿生构建研究[J].金属功能材料,2018,25(3):41.
[4]刘珍珍,王春明,肖素芬,等.不同尺寸HDH钛粉末烧结后的显微组织与力学性能分析[J].粉末冶金工业,2015,25(3):29.
[5]范兴平,杨成.烧结温度对生物医用钛基复合材料性能的影响[J].粉末冶金工业,2016,26(6):46.
[6]邵甄胰,李峰,张建林,等.稀土掺杂纳米相增强Ti-HA复合材料研究进展[J].金属功能材料,2017,24(2):13.
[7] GUO X Z,FAN M Y,LIU Z L,et al. Explosive cladding and hot pressing of Ti/Al/Ti laminates[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2017,46(5):1192.
[8] Whittaker D. 2015欧洲粉末冶金大会的金属增材制造:高温合金、粉末雾化、喷墨和激光金属沉积工艺的进展[J].粉末冶金工业,2016,26(3):1.
[9] ZHANG Z,YU T,Kovacevic R. Erosion and corrosion resistance of laser cladded AISI 420 stainless steel reinforced with VC[J]. Applied Surface Science,2017,410:225.
[10] Brandl E,Heckenberger U,Holzinger V,et al. Additive manufactured AlSi10Mg samples using selective laser melting(SLM):microstructure,high cycle fatigue,and fracture behavior[J]. Materials and Design,2012,34:159.
[11]张娟,李洋波,孟宪磊,等.金属粉末激光烧结过程中搭接率敏感性分析[J].粉末冶金工业,2017,27(1):31.
[12]史金光,翁子清,金霞.选择性激光熔化高熵合金CoCrFeNiMn成形试验[J].工业技术创新,2017,4(4):48.
[13]陈菊芳,陈国炎,孙凌燕,等. H13钢表面激光熔覆层稀释率及强化效果研究[J].激光技术,2017(4):596.
[14]杨洗陈,郑天禧,张乃坤,等. FeCrSiB合金激光熔敷中对流传质研究[J].金属学报,1992,28(2):86.
[15]张洋,宋博瀚,薛峰.稀释率对镍基合金激光熔覆层组织和性能的影响[J].应用激光,2016,36(3):259.
[16] HUANG Y. Characterization of dilution action in laser-induction hybrid cladding[J]. Optics&Laser Technology,2011,43:965.
[17]胡赓祥,蔡珣,戎咏华.材料科学基础[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006.
[18] ZHAO G,Cho C,Kim J-D. Application of 3-D finite element method using Lagrangian formulation to dilution control in laser cladding process[J]. Mechanical Sciences,2003,45:777.