In元素对Sn-Bi-Zn合金传热储热性能及结构的影响
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摘要
研究了不同含量的In元素对Sn-Bi-Zn共晶合金微观结构和热物性的影响。通过电子探针微观形貌分析(EPMA)、X射线衍射物相分析(XRD)和X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)对合金的微观结构和物相组成进行了研究,并通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析仪(TG/DTA)、推杆式膨胀计(DIL 402C)和激光闪光法(LFA457)综合分析了合金的各项热物性。结果表明,Sn-Bi-Zn共晶合金的显微组织主要由富Sn相、富Bi相和富Zn相组成,而随着In含量的增加(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x合金会形成InSn4和BiIn金属间化合物和富In相。(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x合金的熔化焓随In含量的增加而增加,相变温度随着In含量的增加而降低。(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x合金的热膨胀系数随着温度的升高而增加,并且保持在13×10~(-6)~15×10~(-6)/℃之间。所有合金的密度和热扩散系数均随In含量的增加而降低,导热系数随In含量的增加而增加。
The influence of the addition of In on the microstructure and thermal properties of Sn-Bi-Zn eutectic alloy was investigated. The microstructure and phase compositions were investigated by electron probe micro-analysis(EPMA), X-ray diffusion(XRD) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF), and the thermal properties were measured with differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), thermogravimetry(TG/DTA), a pushrod type expansion meter(DIL 402C) and a laser flash analyzer(LFA 457). The results indicated that the microstructure of Sn-Bi-Zn eutectic alloy was mainly composed of Sn-rich phase, Bi-rich phase and Zn-rich phase, but(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x alloys showed InSn4 and BiIn intermetallic compounds and In-rich phases with increasing In content. The melting enthalpies increased with increasing In content, and the phase change temperature decreased with increasing In content in the(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x alloys. The thermal expansion of(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x alloys increased with increasing temperature and was tunable between 13×10~(-6) and 15×10~(-6)/℃by the In addition. The densities and thermal diffusion coefficient of all the alloys decreased with the addition of In, whereas the thermal conductivity increased with increasing In content.
The influence of the addition of In on the microstructure and thermal properties of Sn-Bi-Zn eutectic alloy was investigated. The microstructure and phase compositions were investigated by electron probe micro-analysis(EPMA), X-ray diffusion(XRD) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF), and the thermal properties were measured with differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), thermogravimetry(TG/DTA), a pushrod type expansion meter(DIL 402C) and a laser flash analyzer(LFA 457). The results indicated that the microstructure of Sn-Bi-Zn eutectic alloy was mainly composed of Sn-rich phase, Bi-rich phase and Zn-rich phase, but(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x alloys showed InSn4 and BiIn intermetallic compounds and In-rich phases with increasing In content. The melting enthalpies increased with increasing In content, and the phase change temperature decreased with increasing In content in the(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x alloys. The thermal expansion of(Sn_(48)Bi_(50)Zn_2)_(100-x)In_x alloys increased with increasing temperature and was tunable between 13×10~(-6) and 15×10~(-6)/℃by the In addition. The densities and thermal diffusion coefficient of all the alloys decreased with the addition of In, whereas the thermal conductivity increased with increasing In content.
引文
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[3]HADJIEVA M,BOZUKOV M,TSACHEVA T.Thermal stability control of microencapsulated salt/graphite composite for thermal storage application[M]//Proceedings of ISES World Congress 2007(Vol.I–Vol.V).Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2008:2698-2702.
[4]ACEM Z,LOPEZ J,BARRIO E P D.KNO3/Na NO3-graphite materials for thermal energy storage at high temperature:Part I.—Elaboration methods and thermal properties[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2010,30(13):1580-1585.
[5]LOPEZ J,ACEM Z,BARRIO E P D.KNO3/Na NO3-graphite materials for thermal energy storage at high temperature:Part II—Phase transition properties[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2010,30(13):1586-1593.
[6]PILLONI M,ENNAS G,CABRAS V,et al.Thermal and structural characterization of ultrasonicated Bi Sn alloy in the eutectic composition[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2015,120(3):1543-1551.
[7]TSAO L C.Suppressing effect of 0.5%nano-Ti O2 addition into Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Cu solder alloy on the intermetallic growth with Cu substrate during isothermal aging[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2011,509:8441-8448.
[8]WANG S H,CHIN T S,YANG C F,et al.Pb-free solder-alloy based on Sn-Zn-Bi with the addition of germanium[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2010,497(1/2):428-431.
[9]EL-DALY A A,SWILEM Y,MAKLED M H,et al.Thermal and mechanical properties of Sn-Zn-Bi lead-free solder alloys[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2009,484(1/2):134-142.
[10]GAIN A K,ZHANG L.Microstructure,thermal analysis and damping properties of Ag and Ni nano-particles doped Sn-8Zn-3Bi solder on OSP-Cu substrate[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,617:779-786.
[11]SHEN J,PU Y,YIN H,et al.Effects of minor Cu and Zn additions on the thermal,microstructure and tensile properties of Sn-Bi-based solder alloys[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2014,614(10):63-70.
[12]OSóRIO W R,PEIXOTO L C,GARCIA L R,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Sn-Bi,Sn-Ag and Sn-Zn lead-free solder alloys[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2013,572(36):97-106.
[13]YANG C F,CHEN F L,GIERLOTKA W,et al.Thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria of Sn-Bi-Zn ternary alloys[J].Materials Chemistry&Physics,2008,112(1):94-103.
[14]NOOR E E M,SHARIF N M,YEW C K,et al.Wettability and strength of In-Bi-Sn lead-free solder alloy on copper substrate[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2010,507(1):290-296.
[15]YEH C H,CHANG L S,STRAUMAL B B.Wetting transition of grain boundaries in the Sn-rich part of the Sn-Bi phase diagram[J].Journal of Materials Science,2011,46(5):1557-1562.
[16]ZHANG Q K,LONG W M,YU X Q,et al.Effects of Ga addition on microstructure and properties of Sn-Ag-Cu/Cu solder joints[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,622:973-978.
[17]MA D,WU P.Improved microstructure and mechanical properties for Sn58Bi0.7Zn solder joint by addition of graphene nanosheets[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,671:127-136.
[18]PROKHORENKO V Y,ROSHCHUPKIN V V,POKRASIN M A,et al.Liquid gallium:Potential uses as a heat-transfer agent[J].High Temperature,2000,38(6):954-968.
[19]ZHANG J,HOSEMANN P,MALOY S.Models of liquid metal corrosion[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2010,404(1):82-96.
[20]YUAN J,ZHANG K,ZHANG X,et al.Thermal characteristics of Mg-Zn-Mn alloys with high specific strength and high thermal conductivity[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2013,578(6):32-36.
[21]BARIN I,KNACKE O,KUBASCHEWSKI O.Thermochemical properties of inorganic substances[M].Germany:Springer-Verlag,1973.
[22]VIZDAL J,BRAGA M H,KROUPA A,et al.Thermodynamic assessment of the Bi-Sn-Zn System[J].Calphad-computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams&Thermochemistry,2007,31(4):438-448.