三维机织碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料在两种测量方法下的热响应机制对比
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摘要
采用瞬态热线法和闪光法分别测量了多种结构参数的三维机织碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的导热系数。通过对3D正交机织碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的有限元模拟可以看出,3D正交机织碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料内经纱、纬纱和Z向纱的导热作用在不同的受热形式下会发生变化。采用瞬态热线法测量时,2.5D机织碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的导热系数低于2.5D经向增强结构,同时高于3D正交结构,而采用闪光法测量时,2.5D经向增强和3D正交碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的导热系数均小于2.5D机织结构。这是由于在使用不同的测量方法时,三维机织碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料内部相同的纱线系统在导热过程中所起的作用并不相同。随着纤维体积含量的提高,瞬态热线法和闪光法测得的2.5D机织碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的导热系数都在不断提高。由于经纱的屈曲,采用闪光法测量时,导热性能提升更加明显。研究结果表明,三维机织碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料在不同受热形式下具有不同的热响应机制。
Thermal conductivities of 3 D woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites with different structures were measured by using transient hot-wire method and flash method,respectively.From the finite elemental simulations of 3 Dorthogonal woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites,it can be seen that,the roles of the warp,weft and Zyarn in heat transfer process change with the change of the measuring method.By using transient hot-wire method,the thermal conductivity of 2.5 D woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite is higher than warp-reinforced 2.5 D,but lower than 3 Dorthogonal.However,the thermal conductivities of warp-reinforced 2.5 Dand 3 Dorthogonal woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites are less than 2.5 Dby using flash method.That is because of that,the same yarn in 3 Dwoven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites plays distinct roles in heat transfer process by using different measurement methods.Thermal conductivities of 2.5 D woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites obtained by using transient hot-wire method and flash method increase with the increasing of fiber volume fraction.In addition,the increase of thermal conductivity obtained by flash method is more obvious,which is caused by the crime of warp.Based on these investigation.it can be concluded that the thermal response mechanisms of 3 D woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites under different heating modes are different.
Thermal conductivities of 3 D woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites with different structures were measured by using transient hot-wire method and flash method,respectively.From the finite elemental simulations of 3 Dorthogonal woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites,it can be seen that,the roles of the warp,weft and Zyarn in heat transfer process change with the change of the measuring method.By using transient hot-wire method,the thermal conductivity of 2.5 D woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite is higher than warp-reinforced 2.5 D,but lower than 3 Dorthogonal.However,the thermal conductivities of warp-reinforced 2.5 Dand 3 Dorthogonal woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites are less than 2.5 Dby using flash method.That is because of that,the same yarn in 3 Dwoven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites plays distinct roles in heat transfer process by using different measurement methods.Thermal conductivities of 2.5 D woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites obtained by using transient hot-wire method and flash method increase with the increasing of fiber volume fraction.In addition,the increase of thermal conductivity obtained by flash method is more obvious,which is caused by the crime of warp.Based on these investigation.it can be concluded that the thermal response mechanisms of 3 D woven carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites under different heating modes are different.
引文
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[2]MA P B,GAO Z.A review on the impact tension behaviors of textile structural composites[J].Journal of Industrial Textiles,2015,44(4):572-604.
[3]杨彩云,李嘉禄.三维机织复合材料力学性能的各向异性[J].复合材料学报,2006,23(2):59-64.YANG C Y,LI J L.Mechanical anisotropy of three dimensional woven composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2006,23(2):59-64(in Chinese).
[4]余育苗,王肖钧,李永池,等.三维正交机织复合材料的单胞模型及应用[J].复合材料学报,2009,26(4):181-185.YU Y M,WANG X J,LI Y C,et al.Cell model of 3Dorthogonal woven composite and its application[J].Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica,2009,26(4):181-185(in Chinese).
[5]HALLAL A,YOUNES R,FARDOUN F,et al.Improved analytical model to predict the effective elastic properties of2.5Dinterlock woven fabrics composite[J].Composite Structures,2012,94(10):3009-3028.
[6]卢子兴,周原,冯志海,等.2.5D机织复合材料压缩性能实验与数值模拟[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(1):150-159.LU Z X,ZHOU Y,FENG Z H,et al.Experiment and numerical simulation on compressive properties of 2.5D woven fabric composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(1):150-159(in Chinese).
[7]HALLAL A,YOUNES R,FARDOUN F.Review and comparative study of analytical modeling for the elastic properties of textile composites[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2013,50:22-31.
[8]ZHANG C Y,WANG X W,LIU Y S,et al.Tensile fatigue of a 2.5D-C/SiC composite at room temperature and 900℃[J].Materials and Design,2013,49:814-819.
[9]张典堂,陈利,孙颖,等.UHMWPE/LLDPE复合材料层板低速冲击及冲击后压缩性能实验研究[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(30):107-111.ZHANG D T,CHEN L,SUN Y,et al.Low velocity impact and residual compressive strength after impact properties of UHMWPE/LLDPE composite laminates[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2013,30(30):107-111(in Chinese).
[10]SCHUSTER J,HEIDER D,SHARP K,et al.Thermal conductivities of three-dimensionally woven fabric composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,2008,68(9):2085-2091.
[11]KUMAR S,KUMAR A,DEVI G R,et al.Preparation of3Dorthogonal woven C-SiC composite and its characterization for thermo-mechanical properties[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2011,528(19-20):6210-6216.
[12]ZHAO S,ZHOU X G,YU J S,et al.Fabrication and characterization of 2.5Dand 3DSiCf/SiC composites[J].Fusion Engineering and Design,2013,88(9-10):2453-2456.
[13]AI S G,FU H L,HE R J,et al.Multi-scale modeling of thermal expansion coefficients of C/C composites at high temperature[J].Materials and Design,2015,82:181-188.
[14]AI S G,HE R L,PEI Y M.A numerical study on the thermal conductivity of 3Dwoven C/C composites at high temperature[J].Applied Composite Materials,2015,22(6):823-835.
[15]SONG L L,GENG W,ZHAO Y F,et al.Thermal conductivities of 2.5dimensional woven composites[J].Polymers and Polymer Composites,2016,24(4):241-248.
[16]DONG K,LIU K,PAN L J,et al.Experimental and numerical investigation on the thermal conduction properties of2.5Dangle-interlock woven composites[J].Composite Structures,2016,154:319-333.
[17]闵凯,刘斌,温广.导热系数测量方法与应用分析[J].保鲜与加工,2005,5(6):35-38.MIN K,LIU B,WEN G.Application of measuring method of thermal conductivities[J].Storage and Process,2005,5(6):35-38(in Chinese).
[18]翟德怀.基于Hot Disk的薄板材料导热系数测量方法的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.ZHAI D H.Study on the thermal conductivity measurement of thin samples by Hot Disk thermal constants analyser[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2015.
[19]BUONOMO B,COLLA L,FEDELE L,et al.A comparison of nanofluid thermal conductivity measurements by flash and hot disk techniques[J].Journal of Physics:Conference Series,2014,547(1):012046.
[20]宋磊磊,李嘉禄,赵玉芬,等.预制体结构对针刺石英纤维/环氧树脂复合材料导热性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(5):955-961.SONG L L,LI J L,ZHAO Y F,et al.Effects of preform structure on thermal conductivity of needle-punched quartz fiber/epoxy composites[J].Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica,2016,33(5):955-961(in Chinese).
[21]FRANCO A.An apparatus for the routine measurement of thermal conductivity of materials for building application based on a transient hot-wire method[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2007,27(14-15):2495-2504.
[22]张克,孙建平,邓建兵.激光闪光法热扩散率测量仪温度测量系统抗干扰措施研究[J].计量学报,2011,32(6A):70-73.ZHANG K,SUN J P,DENG J B.Study on laser flash method thermal diffusivity meter for the interference temperature measurement[J].Acta Metrologica Sinica,2011,32(6A):70-73(in Chinese).