基于弹丸激波的弹目偏差测试与反演研究
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摘要
由于空中超声速弹丸激波的复杂性和易被干扰性而难以捕捉,其弹目偏差测试是一大难题。为研究基于弹丸激波特性的弹目偏差测试原理和方法,在描述弹目偏差测试场景的基础上,分析激波形成机理和激波形成前后参数关系,建立弹目偏差测试模型和基于弹群激波环境简化的线性及非线性干扰模型。综合采用时间宽度测试原理进行外场试验与采用激波压力场累积效应的压力测试进行仿真反演相结合,结果表明仿真反演与工程测试相符合,为超声速运动目标声学定位和跟踪提供了一种新思路和方法。
Since the shock wave of supersonic projectile is difficult to be captured due to its complexity and susceptible interference,the miss distance test is a difficult problem. The testing scene of miss distance is described,the formation mechanism of shock wave is analyzed,and the parameter relations before and after shock wave forming are identified. The test model of miss distance and the linear and nonlinear interference models based on simplified shock wave environment are established. The time duration test principle is used for field experiment,and the cumulative effect of pressure of shock wave field is used for simulating inversion in order to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of test methods and engineering test.
Since the shock wave of supersonic projectile is difficult to be captured due to its complexity and susceptible interference,the miss distance test is a difficult problem. The testing scene of miss distance is described,the formation mechanism of shock wave is analyzed,and the parameter relations before and after shock wave forming are identified. The test model of miss distance and the linear and nonlinear interference models based on simplified shock wave environment are established. The time duration test principle is used for field experiment,and the cumulative effect of pressure of shock wave field is used for simulating inversion in order to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of test methods and engineering test.
引文
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[22]王南炎.弹丸空气动力学[M].南京:中国人民解放军总字150部队,1962:148-155.WANG Nan-yan.Projectile aerodynamics lecture[M].Nanjing:Unit 150 of PLA,1962:148-155.(in Chinese)
[23]王保国.空气动力学基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2014:122-123.WANG Bao-guo.Aerodynamics basis[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2014:122-123.(in Chinese)
[24]Gnani F,Lo K H,Zare-Behtash H,et al.Shock wave diffraction in the presence of a supersonic co-flow jet[J].Shock Waves,2016,26(3):1-10.
[25]张强.气动声学基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2012:145-147.ZHANG Qiang.Aeroacoustics foundation[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2012:145-147.(in Chinese)
[26]张金明.气动声学数值计算的算法研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009:6-8.ZHANG Jin-ming.Research of numerical method for computational aeroacoustics[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009:6-8.(in Chinese)
[27]Sofronov I L.Non-reflecting inflow and outflow in a wind tunnel for transonic time-accurate simulation[J].Journal of Mathematical Analysis&Applications,2010,221(1):92-115.
[2]Libal U,Spyra K.Wavelet based shock wave and muzzle blast classification for different supersonic projectiles[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2014,41(11):5097-5104.
[3]Heimbs S,Ritzer J,Markmiller J.A numerical method for blast shock wave analysis of missile launch from aircraft[J].International Journal of Aerospace Engineering,2015,2015:1-8.
[4]Aswin G,Chakraborty D.Numerical simulation of tansverse side jet interaction with supersonic free stream[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2010,14(5):295-301.
[5]杨训仁,陈宇.大气声学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:256-257.YANG Xun-ren,CHEN Yu.Atmospheric sound[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:256-257.(in Chinese)
[6]国蓉,何镇安,王伟.被动声探测技术与弹着点定位方法综述[J].电声技术,2010,34(11):48-49.GUO Rong,HE Zhen-an,WANG Wei.Review of passive acoustic localization technique and impact point location methods[J].Elementary Electroacoustics,2010,34(11):48-49.(in Chinese)
[7]于雪媛,左乾县,李永锋.一种测试弹丸落炸点的数学模型[J].火炮发射与控制学报,2008(4):123-126.YU Xue-yuan,ZUO Qian-xian,LI Yong-feng.A mathematical model of gun ball fall explosion point measurement[J].Journal of Gun Launch&Control,2008(4):123-126.(in Chinese)
[8]王英,曾光宇.双线阵CCD交汇测量立靶精度系统研究[J].光电工程,2011,38(10):33-38.WANG ying,ZENG Guang-yu.Intersection measuring system of erecting target with dual liner CCD[J].Opto-Electronic Engineering,2011,38(10):33-38.(in Chinese)
[9]张先叶,高俊钗,李亚强.弹丸立靶坐标的图像处理算法研究[J].科学技术与工程,2008,8(11):3018-3021.ZHANG Xian-ye,GAO Jun-cha,LI ya-qiang.Image processing algorithm of the pill coordinates[J].Seience Technology and Engineering,2008,8(11):3018-3021.(in Chinese)
[10]田会,倪晋平,鲁倩,等.光幕与图像融合式自动报靶系统[J].西安工业大学学报,2012,32(8):617-621.TIAN hui,NI jin-ping,LU qian,et al.Automatic target scoring system based on light screen and image porcessing[J].Journal of Xi'an Technological University,2012,32(8):617-621.(in Chinese)
[11]顾国华,陈栋,王彩,等.基于声学靶传感器的弹着点测试研究与实现[J].电子测量技术,2007,30(2):154-156.GU Guo-hua,CHEN Dong,WANG Cai,et al.Research and implement of acoustics testing impact points based on target sensor[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2007,30(2):154-156.(in Chinese)
[12]张飞猛,马春茂.对空射击声学靶脱靶量测试系统的精度分析[J].兵工学报,2000,21(1):23-26.ZHANG Fei-meng,MA Chun-mao.Accuracy analysis for the measuring system of target deviation for projectiles shooting an acoustic target[J].Acta Armamentarii,2000,21(1):23-26.(in Chinese)
[13]张飞猛,徐长根.高炮射击效果实时评价系统测量误差修正[J].测试技术学报,2007,21(6):505-509.ZHANG Fei-meng,XU Chang-gen.Test error revision of real time evaluation system for anti-aircraft firing effect[J].Journal of Test and Measurement Technology,2007,21(6):505-509.(in Chinese)
[14]Levin D,Gannot S,Habet S.Direction-of-arrival estimation using acoustic vector sensors in the presence of noise[C]∥2011IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing.Prague,CZ:IEEE,2011:105-108.
[15]张飞猛.火炮对悬吊靶射击的脱靶向量测试系统[J].测试技术学报,1999,13(1):28-31.ZHANG Fei-meng.The missing target vector measurement system of the hang targets fired by the gun[J].Journal of Test and Measurement Technology,1999,13(1):28-31.(in Chinese)
[16]吴寿荣.球面激波对平面的马赫反射的简化处理[J].空气动力学报,1990(4):480-481.WU Shou-rong.Simple disposal of mach reflection of spherical shock wave on a plane[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,1990(4):480-481.(in Chinese)
[17]Wagner B,Schmidt W.Theoretical investigations on shock waveboundary layer interaction in cryogenic nitrogen[J].Springer International Publishing,2015,365(3):341-350.
[18]陶如意,王浩,赵润祥.超音速子母弹分离激波干扰特性研究[J].兵工学报,2011,32(10):1206-1211.TAO Ru-yi,WANG Hao,ZHAO Run-xiang,et al.Research on shock/shock wave disturbance characteristics in separation of supersonic cluster munition[J].Acta Armamentarii,2011,32(10):1206-1211.(in Chinese)
[19]Kremeyer K.Energy deposition systems,equipment and method for modifying and controlling shock waves and supersonic flow:US,8960596B2[P].2015-2-24.
[20]Lombard B,Matignon D,Gorrec Y L.A fractional Burgers equation arising in nonlinear acoustics:theory and numerics[J].IFAC Proceedings Volumes,2013,46(23):406-411.
[21]王东生.炮口波、弹道波、爆炸波[J].兵器知识,1985(3):23.WANG Dong-sheng.Muzzle wave,ballistic wave and blast wave[J].Ordnance knowledge,1985(3):23.(in Chinese)
[22]王南炎.弹丸空气动力学[M].南京:中国人民解放军总字150部队,1962:148-155.WANG Nan-yan.Projectile aerodynamics lecture[M].Nanjing:Unit 150 of PLA,1962:148-155.(in Chinese)
[23]王保国.空气动力学基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2014:122-123.WANG Bao-guo.Aerodynamics basis[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2014:122-123.(in Chinese)
[24]Gnani F,Lo K H,Zare-Behtash H,et al.Shock wave diffraction in the presence of a supersonic co-flow jet[J].Shock Waves,2016,26(3):1-10.
[25]张强.气动声学基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2012:145-147.ZHANG Qiang.Aeroacoustics foundation[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2012:145-147.(in Chinese)
[26]张金明.气动声学数值计算的算法研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009:6-8.ZHANG Jin-ming.Research of numerical method for computational aeroacoustics[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009:6-8.(in Chinese)
[27]Sofronov I L.Non-reflecting inflow and outflow in a wind tunnel for transonic time-accurate simulation[J].Journal of Mathematical Analysis&Applications,2010,221(1):92-115.