松辽盆地徐深气田D区块营城组火山岩构造裂缝与地应力特征
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摘要
火山岩油气藏储层具有致密性和非均质性,天然裂缝的特征及发育程度对油气藏的开发具有十分重要的影响。通过岩心描述、黏滞剩磁定向综合描述等方法研究松辽盆地北部徐深气田D区块白垩系下统营城组火山岩天然裂缝的发育特征及优势方向,应用电阻率成像测井、横波各向异性测井方法解释了该区最大水平主应力方向,采用Newberry模型计算研究区的最小主应力,基于双井径分析计算最大主应力,明确该区水平井部署的轨迹方向,为储层压裂提供依据。结果表明:①该区构造裂缝具有多期次、多方向、多组系特征,以中—小缝为主,裂缝优势方向为北西向和北东向共轭发育;②研究区最大水平主应力方向为近东西向,最大和最小主应力值分别为86.0～91.0 MPa、69.0～75.0 MPa,且二者的平面分布具有一定的相似性,总体以工区南部主应力值较高。结论认为:水平井部署的轨迹方向应为SN方向,储层压裂改造过程中施工压力应大于86.0 MPa,且工区以南部还应适当增加施工压力,以达到破裂造缝目的。
Most volcanic-rock reservoirs are tight and heterogeneous. Both feature and development of natural fractures play an important role in their exploitation. So, the development characteristics and predominant direction of natural fractures in volcanic rocks of Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation, D block, Xushen gasfield, northern Songliao Basin, were at first studied by means of core and viscous remanence orientation description. Then, the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress was interpreted via using resistivity and S-wave anisotropy logging. Finally, the minimum principal stress was calculated by Newberry model, whereas the maximum one calculated by bi-diameter analysis. Thus, the trajectory direction of deployed horizontal wells was made clear to provide a basis for next fracturing. Results show that, in this area,(1) most structural fractures with medium to small in size are characterized by multi-stage, multi-direction and multi-formation, along with NW-and NE-trending conjugate development in the predominant direction; and(2) the maximum horizontal principal stress is nearly east-west-trending. The maximum and minimum principal stresses range in 86.0-91.0 MPa and 69.0-75.0 MPa, respectively, and are similar in areal distribution. In general, the principal stress is higher in southern area. It's recommended to set the trajectory direction of deployed horizontal well at SN, to keep construction pressure during fracturing higher than 86.0 MPa, and to increase this pressure appropriately in southern area so as to achieve an aim to induce fractures.
Most volcanic-rock reservoirs are tight and heterogeneous. Both feature and development of natural fractures play an important role in their exploitation. So, the development characteristics and predominant direction of natural fractures in volcanic rocks of Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation, D block, Xushen gasfield, northern Songliao Basin, were at first studied by means of core and viscous remanence orientation description. Then, the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress was interpreted via using resistivity and S-wave anisotropy logging. Finally, the minimum principal stress was calculated by Newberry model, whereas the maximum one calculated by bi-diameter analysis. Thus, the trajectory direction of deployed horizontal wells was made clear to provide a basis for next fracturing. Results show that, in this area,(1) most structural fractures with medium to small in size are characterized by multi-stage, multi-direction and multi-formation, along with NW-and NE-trending conjugate development in the predominant direction; and(2) the maximum horizontal principal stress is nearly east-west-trending. The maximum and minimum principal stresses range in 86.0-91.0 MPa and 69.0-75.0 MPa, respectively, and are similar in areal distribution. In general, the principal stress is higher in southern area. It's recommended to set the trajectory direction of deployed horizontal well at SN, to keep construction pressure during fracturing higher than 86.0 MPa, and to increase this pressure appropriately in southern area so as to achieve an aim to induce fractures.
引文
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[11]曲立才.徐深气田火山岩储层单井裂缝描述与评价[J].大庆石油学院学报,2010,34(2):43-47.Qu Licai.Volcanic reservoir fracture description and evaluation of single well in Xushen gas field[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2010,34(2):43-47.
[12]王成,邵红梅,张安达,等.徐家围子断陷火山岩储层次生孔隙分布及意义[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2010,29(5):1-5.Wang Cheng,Shao Hongmei,Zhang Anda,et al.Secondary pore distribution and its significance of volcanic reservoirs in Xujiaweizi fault depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2010,29(5):1-5.
[13]李瑞磊,冯晓辉,李增玉,等.松辽盆地南部营城组火山岩裂缝的叠前地震识别[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,39(6):611-616.Li Ruilei,Feng Xiaohui,Li Zengyu,et al.Recognition of prestack earthquake of volcanic fractures of Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin,China[J].Jornal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2012,39(6):611-616.
[14]李学森,熊国锦.钻井岩心重定向的古地磁方法及其可靠性[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):581-585.Li Xuesen&Xiong Guojin.Paleomagnetic method of reorienting cores and its reliability[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(5):581-585.
[15]侯冰,潘泳君,陈勉,等.页岩储层岩心地应力方向古地磁实验研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(5):1-4.Hou Bing,Pan Yongjun,Chen Mian,et al.Paleomagnetic experimental research on how to determine geographic orientation of in-situ stress by shale reservoir cores[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(5):1-4.
[16]张东涛,童亨茂,赵海涛,等.砂泥岩地层地应力纵向分布特征与规律[J].地质力学学报,2014,20(4):352-362.Zhang Dongtao,Tong Hengmao,Zhao Haitao,et al.Characteristics and regularity of longitudinal geostress distribution in sand-mudstone strata[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2014,20(4):352-362.
[17]范宜仁,魏周拓,陈雪莲.基于测井资料的地层应力计算及其影响因素研究[J].测井技术,2009,33(5):415-420.Fan Yiren,Wei Zhoutuo&Chen Xuelian.Study on formation stress calculation and its influential factors based on logging data[J].Well Logging Technology,2009,33(5):415-420.
[18]赵庆,康义逵.测井资料计算储层地应力方法及在安棚含油区块的应用[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(3):36-38.Zhao Qing&Kang Yikui.A calculating method of underground stress of reservoir with logging data and its application in Anpeng oil-bearing block[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2007,21(3):36-38.
[19]叶里卡提·瓦黑提,戴俊生,王珂,等.大庆长垣X71区块扶余油层现今地应力研究及应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(4):38-43.Yeliqiati·Waheiti,Dai Junsheng,Wang Ke,et al.Current in-situ stress study and application of Fuyu Oil reservoirs in block X71of Daqing Placanticline[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(4):38-43.
[20]吴超,刘建华.区域油田地应力及井壁稳定性综合预测方法[J].断块油气田,2011,18(6):705-709.Wu Chao&Liu Jianhua.Predicting method of regional in-situ stress of oilfield and borehole stability[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(6):705-709.
[2]徐正顺,王渝明,庞彦明,等.大庆徐深气田火山岩气藏的开发[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):74-77.Xu Zhengshun,Wang Yuming,Pang Yanming,et al.Development of volcanic rock reservoirs in the Xushen Gas field in Daqing[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(12):74-77.
[3]刘为付.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷深层火山岩储层特征及有利区预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1):115-119.Liu Weifu.Reservoir characteristics of deep volcanic rocks and prediction of favorable areas in Xujiaweizi fault depression in Songliao basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(1):115-119.
[4]王立武,邵明礼.松辽盆地深层天然气富集条件的特殊性探讨[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(4):6-12.Wang Liwu&Shao Mingli.Particularity discussion of deep natural gas enrichment conditions in Songliao Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2009,14(4):6-12.
[5]陈树民,姜传金,刘立,等.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷火山岩裂缝形成机理[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(6):1816-1826.Chen Shumin,Jiang Chuanjin,Liu Li,et al.Fracture formation mechanism of volcanic rocks in Xujiaweizi fault depression of Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2014,44(6):1816-1826.
[6]巩磊,高帅,吴佳朋,等.徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩裂缝与天然气成藏[J].大地构造与成矿学,2017,41(2):283-290.Gong Lei,Gao Shuai,Wu Jiapeng,et al.Natural gas accumulation and fractures in volcanic rocks of Yingcheng formation in Xujiaweizi fault depression[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2017,41(2):283-290.
[7]王雪峰.徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩断盖时空匹配及其对天然气成藏的控制作用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(4):9-14.Wang Xuefeng.Time-space matches and their controlling actions to the gas reservoir accumulation for Yingcheng-formation volcanic faults and caprocks in Xujiaweizi fault depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(4):9-14.
[8]范文同,郑新华,袁仕俊,等.大北高陡构造地应力测井解释及致密砂岩储层有效性评价[J].工程地球物理学报,2014,11(1):66-70.Fan Wentong,Zheng Xinhua,Yuan Shijun,et al.Explanation of earth stress logging and effectiveness evaluation of tight-sand reservoir in Dabei area with steep structure[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2014,11(1):66-70.
[9]郑佳奎,熊彪,郗建强,等.山前挤压构造区裂缝及地应力测井评价方法-以吐哈盆地柯柯亚地区为例[J].吐哈油气,2010,15(2):245-250.Zheng Jiakui,Xiong Biao,Xi Jianqiang,et al.Logging evaluation method of fracture and earth stress in compressional structure area in mountain front-take example for Kekeya Area in Tuha Basin[J].Tuha Oil&Gas,2010,15(2):245-250.
[10]杨亮.徐家围子断陷沙河子组现今地应力方向及展布[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(5):48-52.Yang Liang.Directions and spread of the current terrestrial stress for Shahezi formation in Xujiaweizi fault depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2010,35(5):48-52.
[11]曲立才.徐深气田火山岩储层单井裂缝描述与评价[J].大庆石油学院学报,2010,34(2):43-47.Qu Licai.Volcanic reservoir fracture description and evaluation of single well in Xushen gas field[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2010,34(2):43-47.
[12]王成,邵红梅,张安达,等.徐家围子断陷火山岩储层次生孔隙分布及意义[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2010,29(5):1-5.Wang Cheng,Shao Hongmei,Zhang Anda,et al.Secondary pore distribution and its significance of volcanic reservoirs in Xujiaweizi fault depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2010,29(5):1-5.
[13]李瑞磊,冯晓辉,李增玉,等.松辽盆地南部营城组火山岩裂缝的叠前地震识别[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,39(6):611-616.Li Ruilei,Feng Xiaohui,Li Zengyu,et al.Recognition of prestack earthquake of volcanic fractures of Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin,China[J].Jornal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2012,39(6):611-616.
[14]李学森,熊国锦.钻井岩心重定向的古地磁方法及其可靠性[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):581-585.Li Xuesen&Xiong Guojin.Paleomagnetic method of reorienting cores and its reliability[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(5):581-585.
[15]侯冰,潘泳君,陈勉,等.页岩储层岩心地应力方向古地磁实验研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(5):1-4.Hou Bing,Pan Yongjun,Chen Mian,et al.Paleomagnetic experimental research on how to determine geographic orientation of in-situ stress by shale reservoir cores[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(5):1-4.
[16]张东涛,童亨茂,赵海涛,等.砂泥岩地层地应力纵向分布特征与规律[J].地质力学学报,2014,20(4):352-362.Zhang Dongtao,Tong Hengmao,Zhao Haitao,et al.Characteristics and regularity of longitudinal geostress distribution in sand-mudstone strata[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2014,20(4):352-362.
[17]范宜仁,魏周拓,陈雪莲.基于测井资料的地层应力计算及其影响因素研究[J].测井技术,2009,33(5):415-420.Fan Yiren,Wei Zhoutuo&Chen Xuelian.Study on formation stress calculation and its influential factors based on logging data[J].Well Logging Technology,2009,33(5):415-420.
[18]赵庆,康义逵.测井资料计算储层地应力方法及在安棚含油区块的应用[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(3):36-38.Zhao Qing&Kang Yikui.A calculating method of underground stress of reservoir with logging data and its application in Anpeng oil-bearing block[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2007,21(3):36-38.
[19]叶里卡提·瓦黑提,戴俊生,王珂,等.大庆长垣X71区块扶余油层现今地应力研究及应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(4):38-43.Yeliqiati·Waheiti,Dai Junsheng,Wang Ke,et al.Current in-situ stress study and application of Fuyu Oil reservoirs in block X71of Daqing Placanticline[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(4):38-43.
[20]吴超,刘建华.区域油田地应力及井壁稳定性综合预测方法[J].断块油气田,2011,18(6):705-709.Wu Chao&Liu Jianhua.Predicting method of regional in-situ stress of oilfield and borehole stability[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(6):705-709.