火花放电辅助-激光诱导击穿光谱技术中的放电通道特性研究
|
摘要
以门控脉冲高压电源作为火花放电电源,研究了火花放电辅助-激光诱导击穿光谱中放电通道与火花放电相对于激光脉冲之间延时的关系.研究结果表明:在合理的剥离激光能量和电极空间布置下,调节该延时可以实现由"V"字形放电到平行放电的转变.在"V"字形放电时,火花放电会扩大烧蚀坑洞的直径、破坏横向空间分辨率;而在平行放电情况下,火花放电不会扩大烧蚀坑洞的直径,从而保证其横向空间分辨率仅由激光剥离来决定.在平行放电的条件下开展了铝合金中铬元素的火花放电辅助-激光诱导击穿光谱定量分析,其检出限达到了8.8ppm,比单纯的激光诱导击穿光谱技术的分析结果改善了8倍.在火花放电辅助-激光诱导击穿光谱技术中采用带外触发控制的火花放电模式,可以实现平行放电和高横向空间分辨的样品表面元素分析.
The relationship between the discharge channel and the time delay between the spark discharge and the laser pulse in spark discharge assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was investigated by using agate-able pulsed high-voltage power source as the power supplier of the spark discharge.It was demonstrated that under suitable laser pulse energy and geometrical arrangement of the electrodes,it was possible to change the discharge channel from "V-shaped"type to parallel type by adjusting this time delay.In the"V-shaped"discharge,the spark discharge was able to increase the diameters of the craters and deteriorate the lateral resolution.However,in the parallel discharge,the spark discharge did not increase the diameters of the craters ensuring that the spatial resolution in this technique was only determined by laser-ablation.Under the condition of parallel discharge,quantitative analysis of chromium in aluminum alloy with spark discharge assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was carried out and the limit of detection of chromium reached 8.8 ppm,which was 8 times better than that obtained in LIBS without the assistance of the spark discharge.By using spark discharge under external trigger mode in the spark discharge assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,it is convenient to realize parallel discharge and surface elemental analysis of samples under high spatial resolution.
The relationship between the discharge channel and the time delay between the spark discharge and the laser pulse in spark discharge assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was investigated by using agate-able pulsed high-voltage power source as the power supplier of the spark discharge.It was demonstrated that under suitable laser pulse energy and geometrical arrangement of the electrodes,it was possible to change the discharge channel from "V-shaped"type to parallel type by adjusting this time delay.In the"V-shaped"discharge,the spark discharge was able to increase the diameters of the craters and deteriorate the lateral resolution.However,in the parallel discharge,the spark discharge did not increase the diameters of the craters ensuring that the spatial resolution in this technique was only determined by laser-ablation.Under the condition of parallel discharge,quantitative analysis of chromium in aluminum alloy with spark discharge assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was carried out and the limit of detection of chromium reached 8.8 ppm,which was 8 times better than that obtained in LIBS without the assistance of the spark discharge.By using spark discharge under external trigger mode in the spark discharge assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,it is convenient to realize parallel discharge and surface elemental analysis of samples under high spatial resolution.
引文
[1]CHEN Jin-zhong,MA Rui-ling,WANG Jing,et al.Detection of the elements Mn and Ni in a steel sample by laserinduced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2014,43(12):1214001.陈金忠,马瑞玲,王敬,等.激光诱导击穿光谱技术测定钢样品中元素Mn和Ni[J].光子学报,2011,43(12):1214001.
[2]SHEN Qin-mei,ZHOU Wei-dong,LI Ke-xue.Determination of Cr and Ba insoil using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy with artificial neural networks[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2010,39(12):2134-2138.沈沁梅,周卫东,李科学.激光诱导击穿光谱结合神经网络测定土壤中的Cr和Ba[J].光子学报,2010,39(12):2134-2138.
[3]BABUSHOK V I,DELUCIA Jr F C,GOTTFRIED J L,et al.Double pulse laser ablation and plasma:Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy signal enhancement[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2006,61(9):999-1014.
[4]HOHREITER V,HAHN D W.Dual-pulse laser induced breakdown spectroscopy:Time-resolved transmission and spectral measurements[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2005,60(7-8):968-974.
[5]SHEN X K,SUN Jian,LIN Hao,et al.Spatial confinement effects in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Applied Physics Letters,2007,91(8):081501.
[6]POPOV A M,COLAO F,FANTONI R.Enhancement of LIBS signal by spatially confining the laser-induced plasma[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2009,24(5):602-604.
[7]VILJANEN J,SUN Zhi-wei,ALWAHABI Z T.Microwave assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy at ambient conditions[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2016,118:29-36.
[8]KHUMAENI A,MOTONOBU T,KATSUAKI A,et al.Enhancement of LIBS emission using antenna-coupled microwave[J].Optics Express,2013,21(24):29755-29768.
[9]YI Rong-xing,LI Jia-ming,YANG Xin-yan,et al.Spectral interference elimination in soil analysis using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted by laser-induced fluorescence[J].Analytical Chemistry,2017,89(4):2334-2337.
[10]LI Chang-mao,HAO Zhong-qi,ZOU Zhi-min,et al.Determinations of trace boron in superalloys and steels using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted with laser-induced fluorescence[J].Optics Express,2016,24(8):7850-7857.
[11]NASSEF O A,ELSAYED-ALI H E.Spark discharge assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2005,60(12):1564-1572.
[12]SOBRAL H,ROBLEDO-MARTINEZ A.Signal enhancement in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using fast square-pulse discharges[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2016,124:67-73.
[13]ALEXANDER A,BOL′SHAKOV,MAO Xiang-lei,et al.Spectral emission enhancement by an electric pulse for LIBS and LAMIS[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2017,32(3):657-370.
[14]ZHOU Wei-dong,LI Ke-xue,SHEN Qin-mei,et al.Optical emission enhancement using laser-ablation combined with fast pulse discharge[J].Optics Express,2010,18(3):2573-2578.
[15]HUNTER A J R,DAVIS S J,PIPER L G,et al.Spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy:A new technique for monitoring heavy metals[J].Applied Spectroscopy,2000,54(4):575-582.
[16]TAEFI N,KHALAJI M,TAVASSOLI S H.Determination of elemental composition of cement powder by spark induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2010,40(7):1114-1119.
[17]LI Ke-xue,ZHOU Wei-dong,SHEN Qin-mei,et al.Laser ablation assisted spark induced breakdown spectroscopy on soil samples[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2010,25(9):1475-1481.
[18]HE Xiao-yong,DONG Bo,CHEN Yu-qi,et al.Analysis of magnesium and copper in aluminum alloys with high repetition rate laser-ablation spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2018,141:34-43.
[19]CHEN Yu-qi,ZHANG Qian,LI Guan,et al.Laser ignition assisted spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the ultra-sensitive detection of trace mercury ions in aqueous solutions[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2010,25(12):1969-1973.
[20]LI Guan,JIANG Jie,ZHANG Qian,et al.High sensitive detection of trace Hg(II)in natural water with laser ignition assisted spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2011,38(7):0715002.李关,姜杰,张谦,等.水环境中痕量汞的激光点火辅助火花诱导击穿光谱高灵敏检测[J].中国激光,2011,38(7):0715002.
[21]LI Hong-kun,LIU Ming,CHEN Zhi-jiang,et al.Quantitative analysis of impurities in aluminum alloys by laserinduced breakdown spectroscopy without internal calibration[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18(1):222-226.
[2]SHEN Qin-mei,ZHOU Wei-dong,LI Ke-xue.Determination of Cr and Ba insoil using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy with artificial neural networks[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2010,39(12):2134-2138.沈沁梅,周卫东,李科学.激光诱导击穿光谱结合神经网络测定土壤中的Cr和Ba[J].光子学报,2010,39(12):2134-2138.
[3]BABUSHOK V I,DELUCIA Jr F C,GOTTFRIED J L,et al.Double pulse laser ablation and plasma:Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy signal enhancement[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2006,61(9):999-1014.
[4]HOHREITER V,HAHN D W.Dual-pulse laser induced breakdown spectroscopy:Time-resolved transmission and spectral measurements[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2005,60(7-8):968-974.
[5]SHEN X K,SUN Jian,LIN Hao,et al.Spatial confinement effects in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Applied Physics Letters,2007,91(8):081501.
[6]POPOV A M,COLAO F,FANTONI R.Enhancement of LIBS signal by spatially confining the laser-induced plasma[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2009,24(5):602-604.
[7]VILJANEN J,SUN Zhi-wei,ALWAHABI Z T.Microwave assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy at ambient conditions[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2016,118:29-36.
[8]KHUMAENI A,MOTONOBU T,KATSUAKI A,et al.Enhancement of LIBS emission using antenna-coupled microwave[J].Optics Express,2013,21(24):29755-29768.
[9]YI Rong-xing,LI Jia-ming,YANG Xin-yan,et al.Spectral interference elimination in soil analysis using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted by laser-induced fluorescence[J].Analytical Chemistry,2017,89(4):2334-2337.
[10]LI Chang-mao,HAO Zhong-qi,ZOU Zhi-min,et al.Determinations of trace boron in superalloys and steels using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted with laser-induced fluorescence[J].Optics Express,2016,24(8):7850-7857.
[11]NASSEF O A,ELSAYED-ALI H E.Spark discharge assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2005,60(12):1564-1572.
[12]SOBRAL H,ROBLEDO-MARTINEZ A.Signal enhancement in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using fast square-pulse discharges[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2016,124:67-73.
[13]ALEXANDER A,BOL′SHAKOV,MAO Xiang-lei,et al.Spectral emission enhancement by an electric pulse for LIBS and LAMIS[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2017,32(3):657-370.
[14]ZHOU Wei-dong,LI Ke-xue,SHEN Qin-mei,et al.Optical emission enhancement using laser-ablation combined with fast pulse discharge[J].Optics Express,2010,18(3):2573-2578.
[15]HUNTER A J R,DAVIS S J,PIPER L G,et al.Spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy:A new technique for monitoring heavy metals[J].Applied Spectroscopy,2000,54(4):575-582.
[16]TAEFI N,KHALAJI M,TAVASSOLI S H.Determination of elemental composition of cement powder by spark induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2010,40(7):1114-1119.
[17]LI Ke-xue,ZHOU Wei-dong,SHEN Qin-mei,et al.Laser ablation assisted spark induced breakdown spectroscopy on soil samples[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2010,25(9):1475-1481.
[18]HE Xiao-yong,DONG Bo,CHEN Yu-qi,et al.Analysis of magnesium and copper in aluminum alloys with high repetition rate laser-ablation spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B,2018,141:34-43.
[19]CHEN Yu-qi,ZHANG Qian,LI Guan,et al.Laser ignition assisted spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the ultra-sensitive detection of trace mercury ions in aqueous solutions[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2010,25(12):1969-1973.
[20]LI Guan,JIANG Jie,ZHANG Qian,et al.High sensitive detection of trace Hg(II)in natural water with laser ignition assisted spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2011,38(7):0715002.李关,姜杰,张谦,等.水环境中痕量汞的激光点火辅助火花诱导击穿光谱高灵敏检测[J].中国激光,2011,38(7):0715002.
[21]LI Hong-kun,LIU Ming,CHEN Zhi-jiang,et al.Quantitative analysis of impurities in aluminum alloys by laserinduced breakdown spectroscopy without internal calibration[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18(1):222-226.