政企分开政策驱动下国有森工企业转型路径研究
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摘要
回顾了国家的林业政策,梳理了黑龙江国有森工企业的转型要素,分析了国有森工企业转型发展路径的影响因素。基于政企分开的政策因素与企业的发展需要,结合国有森工企业转型存在的现实问题,分别从企业转型能力、企业转型意愿和企业转型方向3个方面阐述政企分开政策对国有森工企业转型的驱动作用。在此基础上,提出在政企分开政策驱动下国有森工企业转型发展的实现路径,并从重新定位政府与市场关系、注重培育国有森工企业内部组织平台化转型路径和构建品牌转型路径3个方面进行国有森工企业转型发展的路径研究。
⑴ Background——At the beginning of 2015,the reform plan of state-owned forest farm and the guiding opinions on the reform of state-owned forest region issued by the central committee of the communist party of China and the state council clearly pointed out the direction and path of the reform,comprehensively planned and launched the reform of state-owned forest industry,and one of the major regions for reform and transformation was Heilongjiang state-owned forest industry enterprises.⑵ Methods——Based on the analysis of the transformation factors of the state-owned forest industry enterprises in Heilongjiang province and the investigation of experts,the basic framework of the research is proposed.The framework is constructed on the premise of strict assumptions,background conditions and core theories,including three aspects of enterprise development level,enterprise performance level and enterprise resource endowment.Subsequently,it is expanded under the policy of separating government from enterprise,and more realistic factors are taken into consideration.In this way,the three influencing factors of policy of separating government from enterprise on the transformation path,transformation ability,transformation direction and transformation intention are proposed.⑶ Results——The impact of forestry policies on forestry enterprises is divided into three stages from the founding of New China to the reform and opening up in 1978,from the reform and opening up to the end of the 20 th century and from 1998 to the present.The results of the transformation elements show that the state-owned forestry enterprises in Heilongjiang have natural resource endowment advantages and high ecological performance levels,but the number of employed people decreases year by year,the economic growth is relatively slow,and the total output value of forestry shows an increasing trend,of which the growth rate of the primary industry gradually,the growth rate of the secondary industry is increasing year by year,and the growth rate of the tertiary industry is increasing year by year.In separate government functions from enterprise management policy,driven by the government can only provide a development platform,provide superior system,instead of the regulating mechanism of intervention in the market itself,the government's key role is to guide rational and correct understanding to its own function orientation.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Put forward the development of state-owned forest industries transformation path is only the initial stage of transformation,how to effectively promote the development of the path is the core of the transformation,therefore,should use the opportunity of the revitalization of northeast old industrial base,apply to the country for the corresponding financial support policy,through the difficult period of transition;Enterprises should actively promote own competitive ability,planning and reasonable strategic direction,accelerate the process of state-owned logging enterprises to market-oriented transformation;Development direction in the Internet,big data development direction and the direction of artificial intelligence intensify research,effective combined with the transformation of state-owned logging enterprises development.
⑴ Background——At the beginning of 2015,the reform plan of state-owned forest farm and the guiding opinions on the reform of state-owned forest region issued by the central committee of the communist party of China and the state council clearly pointed out the direction and path of the reform,comprehensively planned and launched the reform of state-owned forest industry,and one of the major regions for reform and transformation was Heilongjiang state-owned forest industry enterprises.⑵ Methods——Based on the analysis of the transformation factors of the state-owned forest industry enterprises in Heilongjiang province and the investigation of experts,the basic framework of the research is proposed.The framework is constructed on the premise of strict assumptions,background conditions and core theories,including three aspects of enterprise development level,enterprise performance level and enterprise resource endowment.Subsequently,it is expanded under the policy of separating government from enterprise,and more realistic factors are taken into consideration.In this way,the three influencing factors of policy of separating government from enterprise on the transformation path,transformation ability,transformation direction and transformation intention are proposed.⑶ Results——The impact of forestry policies on forestry enterprises is divided into three stages from the founding of New China to the reform and opening up in 1978,from the reform and opening up to the end of the 20 th century and from 1998 to the present.The results of the transformation elements show that the state-owned forestry enterprises in Heilongjiang have natural resource endowment advantages and high ecological performance levels,but the number of employed people decreases year by year,the economic growth is relatively slow,and the total output value of forestry shows an increasing trend,of which the growth rate of the primary industry gradually,the growth rate of the secondary industry is increasing year by year,and the growth rate of the tertiary industry is increasing year by year.In separate government functions from enterprise management policy,driven by the government can only provide a development platform,provide superior system,instead of the regulating mechanism of intervention in the market itself,the government's key role is to guide rational and correct understanding to its own function orientation.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Put forward the development of state-owned forest industries transformation path is only the initial stage of transformation,how to effectively promote the development of the path is the core of the transformation,therefore,should use the opportunity of the revitalization of northeast old industrial base,apply to the country for the corresponding financial support policy,through the difficult period of transition;Enterprises should actively promote own competitive ability,planning and reasonable strategic direction,accelerate the process of state-owned logging enterprises to market-oriented transformation;Development direction in the Internet,big data development direction and the direction of artificial intelligence intensify research,effective combined with the transformation of state-owned logging enterprises development.
引文
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[17]张晓陶.林业资源型城市产业转型研究:以伊春市为例[D].西安:西安理工大学,2010.15-22.
[18]李晶.国有林权制度改革的主体冲突及其化解[J].改革,2010(4):124-129.
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[21]BARTON Leonard.Core capabilities and core rigidities:A paradox in management new product development[J].Strategic Management Journal,1992(13):111-125.
[2]孙克俭,王淑英.探讨黑龙江省森工林区改革路径[J].知与行,2016(1):100-103.
[3]朱震锋,曹玉昆,陈丽荣.全面停伐背景下重点国有林区改革及发展路径分析:以绥阳林业局为例[J].林业经济,2015,37(6):61-65.
[4]李佐军.难以摆脱的“政策依赖症”[N].中国经济时报,2014-11-27(5).
[5]柯水发,严如贺.全面禁伐的国有林区产业如何接续转型?[N].中国绿色时报,2016-07-06(3).
[6]曹玉昆.践行“两座金山银山”重要思想,推动黑龙江省生态文明建设[J].学术交流,2017(6):155-156.
[7]王吉发,冯晋,李汉铃.企业转型的内涵研究[J].统计与决策,2006(2):153-157.
[8]BLUMENTHAL B,HASPESLAGH P.Towarda definition of corporate transformation[J].Sloan Management Review,1994,35(3):101-106.
[9]才国伟,邵志浩,刘剑雄.组织管理结构、政府公共服务与民营企业转型升级[J].财贸经济,2015(4):46-59.
[10]赵祥.广东省内产业转移的影响因素分析[J].经济地理,2010,30(1):86-91.
[11]贾庆庆.海尔集团战略分析:基于资源基础理论视角[J].北方经贸,2018(5):134-135.
[12]胡怀敏,肖建忠.不同创业动机下的女性创业模式研究[J].经济问题探索,2007(8):24-26.
[13]保永文,马颖.中国制造业技术创新与产业国际竞争力[J].云南财经大报,2018(8):14-28.
[14]KRUEGER N F J.The cognitive infrastructure of opportunity emergence[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2000,24(3):5-23.
[15]GNYAWALI D R,FOGEL D S.Environments for entrepreneurship development:Key dimensions and research implications[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1994,18:43-43.
[16]叶元煦,王海.关于国有林区产业转型障碍研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2001(7):18-21.
[17]张晓陶.林业资源型城市产业转型研究:以伊春市为例[D].西安:西安理工大学,2010.15-22.
[18]李晶.国有林权制度改革的主体冲突及其化解[J].改革,2010(4):124-129.
[19]刘拓,陈阳,毛飞.关于东北、内蒙古重点国有林区林业产业转型发展的调研报告[J].林业经济,2016,38(12):50-54.
[20]张晓梅,康利,黄伟宇.东北国有林区转岗职工职业适应能力研究:基于伊春林区实证调查数据[J].林业经济问题,2017,37(4):9-13.
[21]BARTON Leonard.Core capabilities and core rigidities:A paradox in management new product development[J].Strategic Management Journal,1992(13):111-125.