山西灵空山刺五加种群空间分布格局及种间空间关联性
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摘要
以山西灵空山自然保护区刺五加(Acanthopanax senticosus(Rupr.Maxim.)Harms)种群为对象,采用空间点格局方法中的Ripley’s K函数,对刺五加种群不同龄级的空间分布格局及其与主要灌木物种间的空间关联性进行研究,并对种群空间分布格局进行可视化解析。结果显示,刺五加种群中幼年个体数量多,径级结构呈金字塔型,为增长型种群,能够实现持续更新;刺五加种群的径级Ⅰ在小尺度上呈聚集分布,随着尺度增大出现随机分布;径级Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ在全尺度上呈聚集分布,径级Ⅴ、Ⅵ在小尺度上为聚集分布,随着龄级和空间尺度的增大,刺五加种群聚集强度渐弱,呈现随机分布;刺五加种内关联在全尺度上呈正相关,但与群落中主要灌木在小尺度上呈不相关或负相关,在大尺度上呈负相关。研究表明刺五加的生长条件较为适宜,并可以通过相互之间的庇护作用,减弱种内竞争,但与其他树种间存在强烈竞争,生存现状较差,在群落中处于劣势。
Acanthopanax senticosus( Rupr. Maxim.) Harms from the nature sanctuary of Lingkong Mountain,Shanxi Province,was studied. Based on field investigation,the spatial distribution patterns of different age classes of A. senticosus populations were obtained by Ripley's K function using spatial point pattern analysis. The spatial relationship between the main shrub species was also studied and the spatial distribution patterns of the populations were visualized. Results showed that the number of young individuals in the Acanthopanax populations was large,and the diameter-scale structure was pyramid-like. Furthermore,the population was growing and could achieve continuous updates. The Ⅰ individuals of the A.senticosus population significantly aggregated at the small scale, and clump intensity gradually weakened with increasing age and spatial scale, finally showing a random distribution. The Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ individuals from the A. senticosus populations significantly aggregated at the full scale and the Ⅴ and Ⅵ individuals significantly aggregated at the smallscale,with clump intensity gradually weakening with increasing age and spatial scale,finally showing a random distribution. Although A. senticosus was positively correlated with internal scale,it was not correlated with or negatively correlated with the main shrubs in the community at the small scale,but was negatively correlated at the macro scale. Studies have shown A.senticosus growth conditions are appropriate and can weaken intraspecific competition through mutual shelter effects. Nevertheless,there is strong competition with other species,with poor survival status,which is a disadvantage in the community.
Acanthopanax senticosus( Rupr. Maxim.) Harms from the nature sanctuary of Lingkong Mountain,Shanxi Province,was studied. Based on field investigation,the spatial distribution patterns of different age classes of A. senticosus populations were obtained by Ripley's K function using spatial point pattern analysis. The spatial relationship between the main shrub species was also studied and the spatial distribution patterns of the populations were visualized. Results showed that the number of young individuals in the Acanthopanax populations was large,and the diameter-scale structure was pyramid-like. Furthermore,the population was growing and could achieve continuous updates. The Ⅰ individuals of the A.senticosus population significantly aggregated at the small scale, and clump intensity gradually weakened with increasing age and spatial scale, finally showing a random distribution. The Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ individuals from the A. senticosus populations significantly aggregated at the full scale and the Ⅴ and Ⅵ individuals significantly aggregated at the smallscale,with clump intensity gradually weakening with increasing age and spatial scale,finally showing a random distribution. Although A. senticosus was positively correlated with internal scale,it was not correlated with or negatively correlated with the main shrubs in the community at the small scale,but was negatively correlated at the macro scale. Studies have shown A.senticosus growth conditions are appropriate and can weaken intraspecific competition through mutual shelter effects. Nevertheless,there is strong competition with other species,with poor survival status,which is a disadvantage in the community.
引文
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[5]张金屯,孟东平.芦芽山华北落叶松林不同龄级立木的点格局分析[J].生态学报,2004,24(1):35-40.Zhang JT,Meng DP.Spatial pattern analysis of individuals in different age-classes of Larix principis-rupprechtii in Luya Mountain Reserve,Shanxi,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(1):35-40.
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[11]韩忠明,韩梅,吴劲松,杨利民.刺五加种群更新机理的初步研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2006,28(4):389-392.Han ZM,Han M,Wu JS,Yang LM.Preliminary study on regeneration mechanism of Acanthopanax senticosus population[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2006,28(4):389-392.
[12]金慧,尹航,赵莹.长白山区野生刺五加种群结构与数量特征分析[J].吉林林业科技,2017,46(5):1-16.Jin H,Yi H,Zhao Y.Analysis on population structure and quantitative characteristics of wild Acanthopanax senticosus in Changbai Mountain[J].Jilin Forestry Science and Technology,2017,46(5):1-16.
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[16]李清河,高婷婷,刘建锋,辛智鸣,徐军.荒漠珍稀灌木半日花种群的年龄结构与生命表分析[J].植物研究,2009,29(2):176-181.Li QH,Gao TT,Liu JF,Xin ZM,Xu J.The age structure and life table of rare eremophyte Helianthemum ordosicum population[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2009,29(2):176-181.
[17]许强,吕金枝,苗艳明,毕润成.翅果油树群落主要物种空间分布格局及其关联性[J].植物学报,2016,51(1):49-57.Xu Q,LüJZ,Miao YM,Bi RC.Spatial distribution patterns and association of major species in Elaeagnus mollis communities[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2016,51(1):49-57.
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[19]冯威,赵成章,韩玲,徐婷,郑慧玲,段贝贝.张掖湿地宽苞水柏枝和多枝柽柳种群的空间分布格局与关联性分析[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(10):2583-2591.Feng W,Zhao CZ,Han L,Xu T,Zheng HL,Duan BB.Spatial pattern and spatial association of Myricaria bracteata and Tamarix ramosissima in Zhangye wetland[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(10):2583-2591.
[20]马克明,祖元刚.植被格局的分形模型:植被格局的分形特征[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(1):111-117.Ma KM,Zu YG.Fractal properties of vegetation pattern[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2000,24(1):111-117.
[21]Lan GY,Getzin S,Wiegand T,Hu YH,Xie GS,Zhu H,Cao M.Spatial distribution and interspecific associations of tree species in a tropical seasonal rain forest of China[J].PLo S One,2012,7(9):e46074.
[22]Hao ZQ,Zhang J,Song B,Ye J,Li B.Vertical structure and spatial associations of dominant tree species in an old-growth temperate forest[J].Forest Ecol Manag,2007,252(1-3):1-11.
[23]杨君珑,王辉,王彬,孙栋元.子午岭油松林灌木层主要树种的空间分布格局和种间关联性研究[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(4):791-796.Yang JL,Wang H,Wang B,Sun DY.Spatial distribution pattern and interspecific association of main tree species in Pinus tabulaeformis forest in Ziwuling Mountains[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2007,27(4):791-796.
[24]马小丽,赵成章,张茜,李钰,侯兆疆.退化草地甘肃臭草和冷蒿种群空间格局及关联性[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(2):299-304.Ma XL,Zhao CZ,Zhang Q,Li Y,Hou ZJ.Spatial pattern and spatial association of Melica przewalskyi and Artemisia frigida in degraded grassland[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2013,32(2):299-304.
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