试析新安医家灸法学术特点
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摘要
新安针灸医家群英荟萃,他们的学术思想促进了灸法理论的发展。王国瑞在临床上针灸并用,补泻兼施,因病施灸,并且配穴独特。汪机提出"灸治疮疡,灸有补泻""灸瘢阻气,无病忌灸"之说。徐春甫详细阐发用灸理论,涉及广泛,并提倡针灸与药物结合的思想。吴谦提出"背部多灸,兼治多证""重用奇穴,灸治急症""灸病火足,气到则愈"的理论。吴亦鼎认为辨证审穴则灸效可期;灸有宜忌,施灸要慎;灸分阴阳,亦分补泻;疮疡宜灸,热证可灸,并提出灸针并重,相辅相成。本文通过对王国瑞、汪机、徐春甫、吴谦、吴亦鼎5位著名医家灸法学术思想的整理与分析,探讨其对灸法指导临床实践的意义和价值。
Xin'an acupuncture and moxibustion physicians have a lot of talented people. Their academic theories promote the development of moxibustion theory. WANG Guo-rui used acupuncture and moxibustion together in clinic, and emphasized reinforcing and reducing method. Moxibustion was performed with unique matching acupoint according to different cases. WANG Ji proposed the theory "moxibustion can cure sores, and has reinforcing and reducing method""scars block the movement of qi and do not use moxibustion when there is no disease". XU Chun-fu elaborated on the theory of moxibustion, which involved a wide range of ideas and advocated the idea of combining acupuncture with drugs. WU Qian put forward the theory "moxibustion is mostly used at acupoints on the back, and can cure multiple syndromes" "focus on the use of miraculous acupoints for the treatment of emergency diseases" "moxibustion must be treated with enough moxibustion to cure the disease". WU Yi-ding thonght that only by carefully identifying the types of diseases and using corresponding acupoints could have a very good curative effect; moxibustion had indications and contraindications, so be careful when used it; moxibustion was divided into yin and yang, also divided into reinforcing and reducing methods; sores were suitable for moxibustion and heat syndrome could also be used by moxibustion. He also believed that moxibustion was as important as acupuncture with the complementary relationship. Hence, the valuable significance of moxibustion in clinical practice is explored through the collection of the academic thoughts of WANG Guo-rui, WANG Ji, XU Chun-fu, WU Qian and WU Yi-ding.
Xin'an acupuncture and moxibustion physicians have a lot of talented people. Their academic theories promote the development of moxibustion theory. WANG Guo-rui used acupuncture and moxibustion together in clinic, and emphasized reinforcing and reducing method. Moxibustion was performed with unique matching acupoint according to different cases. WANG Ji proposed the theory "moxibustion can cure sores, and has reinforcing and reducing method""scars block the movement of qi and do not use moxibustion when there is no disease". XU Chun-fu elaborated on the theory of moxibustion, which involved a wide range of ideas and advocated the idea of combining acupuncture with drugs. WU Qian put forward the theory "moxibustion is mostly used at acupoints on the back, and can cure multiple syndromes" "focus on the use of miraculous acupoints for the treatment of emergency diseases" "moxibustion must be treated with enough moxibustion to cure the disease". WU Yi-ding thonght that only by carefully identifying the types of diseases and using corresponding acupoints could have a very good curative effect; moxibustion had indications and contraindications, so be careful when used it; moxibustion was divided into yin and yang, also divided into reinforcing and reducing methods; sores were suitable for moxibustion and heat syndrome could also be used by moxibustion. He also believed that moxibustion was as important as acupuncture with the complementary relationship. Hence, the valuable significance of moxibustion in clinical practice is explored through the collection of the academic thoughts of WANG Guo-rui, WANG Ji, XU Chun-fu, WU Qian and WU Yi-ding.
引文
[1]王键,牛淑平,黄辉.新安医学的成就与贡献[J].中华中医药杂志, 2013, 28(1):146-149.
[2]王国瑞.扁鹊神应针灸玉龙经[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社, 1995.
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[4]汪机.针灸问对[M].李磊校注.太原:山西科学技术出版社, 2012.
[5]张梅,刘珍珍,杨佳敏,等.艾灸的研究进展[J].中医药学报,2015, 43(1):73-77.
[6]杨舟,冯国香,张国山,等.中医“治未病”思想指导下艾灸应用的现状和意义[J].吉林中医药, 2013, 33(8):841-843.
[7]徐春甫.古今医统大全[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 2008.
[8]吴谦.医宗金鉴·刺灸心法要诀[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 1973.
[9]张玲璐.艾灸脾俞穴治疗小儿慢性腹泻疗效观察[J].上海针灸杂志, 2016, 35(6):697-699.
[10]王大生,魏铭,赵云萌,等.神灸经纶释[M].北京:中医古籍出版社, 2004.
[11]翟春涛,田岳凤.热证可灸的理论基础及作用机制探讨[J].世界中西医结合杂志, 2016, 11(3):424-425, 428.
[12]周楣声.灸绳[M].青岛:青岛出版社, 1998:234.
[2]王国瑞.扁鹊神应针灸玉龙经[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社, 1995.
[3]汪机.外科理例[M].北京:中国中医药出版社, 2010.
[4]汪机.针灸问对[M].李磊校注.太原:山西科学技术出版社, 2012.
[5]张梅,刘珍珍,杨佳敏,等.艾灸的研究进展[J].中医药学报,2015, 43(1):73-77.
[6]杨舟,冯国香,张国山,等.中医“治未病”思想指导下艾灸应用的现状和意义[J].吉林中医药, 2013, 33(8):841-843.
[7]徐春甫.古今医统大全[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 2008.
[8]吴谦.医宗金鉴·刺灸心法要诀[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 1973.
[9]张玲璐.艾灸脾俞穴治疗小儿慢性腹泻疗效观察[J].上海针灸杂志, 2016, 35(6):697-699.
[10]王大生,魏铭,赵云萌,等.神灸经纶释[M].北京:中医古籍出版社, 2004.
[11]翟春涛,田岳凤.热证可灸的理论基础及作用机制探讨[J].世界中西医结合杂志, 2016, 11(3):424-425, 428.
[12]周楣声.灸绳[M].青岛:青岛出版社, 1998:234.