掘进巷道爆破后排烟时间计算
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摘要
为研究掘进面爆破后排烟时间,推导掘进面炮烟运移规律公式,对排烟时间影响因素进行灰色关联度计算,得出主要影响因素的敏感性大小排序为:巷道出口到掘进面迎头的距离(0.827)>风筒口到掘进面迎头的距离(0.738)>风筒供风量(0.628)>炮烟中CO初始体积分数(0.547).在归来庄金矿掘进巷道中进行炮烟监测试验,研究了压入式通风条件下,风筒口到掘进面迎头的距离LO分别为10、15、20、25、30 m时,巷道出口到掘进面迎头的距离LP分别为40、60、80、100、120 m的排烟时间.研究结果表明:排烟时间随巷道出口到掘进面迎头的距离增加而变长,两者拟合成线性关系;排烟时间随风筒口到掘进面迎头的距离增加而变长,成非线性增加;排烟系数c与LO拟合成线性关系,并推导出不同工况下排烟时间的计算式;在试验及相似巷道的5个工况下进行验证,相对误差为6.1%,3.8%,5.4%、8.8%,9.3%,具有较好的准确性和可靠性.
To research fume-drainage time of tunnel after blasting,the formula of removal law of blasting fume in tunnel is deduced.Through calculating the grey correlation degree of influential factors of fume-drainage time,the ranking results of sensitive degree of main influential factors are:distance of entrance to tunnel face (0.827) >distance of duct to tunnel face (0.738)>air flow in duct (0.628)>initial volumetric concentration of CO in blasting fume (0.547).Blasting fume monitoring tests were conducted in tunnel to study the fume-drainage time when the distance of duct to tunnel faceLOare respectively 10,15,20,25,30 m and the distance of entrance to tunnel face L_P are respectively 40,60,80,100,120 m under the condition of forced ventilation.Research findings reveal that:fume-drainage time increases with the longer distance of entrance to tunnel face.The fitting result of the both is linear relation;fume-drainage time shows nonlinear rise with the addition of the distance of duct to tunnel face.The fitting result of fume-drainage coefficientcandLOis linear relation,and calculation formulas of fume-drainage time in different working condition are concluded.Verification of equation is carried out in 5 tested similar tunnels.And relative errors are respectively 6.1%,3.8%,5.4%,8.8%,9.3%,which have remarkable accuracy and reliability.
To research fume-drainage time of tunnel after blasting,the formula of removal law of blasting fume in tunnel is deduced.Through calculating the grey correlation degree of influential factors of fume-drainage time,the ranking results of sensitive degree of main influential factors are:distance of entrance to tunnel face (0.827) >distance of duct to tunnel face (0.738)>air flow in duct (0.628)>initial volumetric concentration of CO in blasting fume (0.547).Blasting fume monitoring tests were conducted in tunnel to study the fume-drainage time when the distance of duct to tunnel faceLOare respectively 10,15,20,25,30 m and the distance of entrance to tunnel face L_P are respectively 40,60,80,100,120 m under the condition of forced ventilation.Research findings reveal that:fume-drainage time increases with the longer distance of entrance to tunnel face.The fitting result of the both is linear relation;fume-drainage time shows nonlinear rise with the addition of the distance of duct to tunnel face.The fitting result of fume-drainage coefficientcandLOis linear relation,and calculation formulas of fume-drainage time in different working condition are concluded.Verification of equation is carried out in 5 tested similar tunnels.And relative errors are respectively 6.1%,3.8%,5.4%,8.8%,9.3%,which have remarkable accuracy and reliability.
引文
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[19]南春子,张文辉,赵晓,等.复杂洞室群施工期通风有害气体扩散数值模拟[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2014,54(8):993-998.DOI:10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2014.08.011.NAN Chunzi,ZHANG Wenhui,ZHAO Xiao,et al.Numericalsimulations of ventilation to remove noxious gases during excavationof complicated tunnels[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science&Technology,2014,54(8):993-998.DOI:10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2014.08.011.
[2]刘钊春,柴军瑞,贾晓梅,等.压入式通风掘进面有害气体浓度扩散数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2009,30(S2):536-539.DOI:10.16285/j.rsm.2009.s2.038.LIU Zhaochun,CAI Junrui,JIA Xiaomei.Numerical simulation ofconcentration diffusion of harmful gas in heading face with forcedventilation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(S2):536-539.DOI:10.16285/j.rsm.2009.s2.038.
[3]纪洪广,曹杨,张舸,等.独头巷道掘进过程中排烟时间预测[J].金属矿山,2014(5):142-145.JI Hongguang,CAO Yang,ZHANG Ge,et al.Prediction of drain-fume time of single-end roadway in tunneling process[J].MetalMine,2014(5):142-145.
[4]曹杨,纪洪广,由爽,等.炮烟中毒事故致因机理研究及预防技术[J].工业安全与环保,2015,41(6):73-75.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-425X.2015.06.020.CAO Yang,JI Hongguang,YOU Shuang,et al.Research onmechanism of blasting fume poisoning and prevention technology[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2015,41(6):73-75.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-425X.2015.06.020.
[5]叶勇军,江俊廷,丁德馨,等.独头巷道爆破后氡及炮烟的运移规律[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(5):131-137.DOI:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2015.05.023.YE Yongjun,JIANG Junting,DING Dexin,et al.Transport ofradon and blasting-fume in blind roadway with exhaust ventilationafter blasting[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(5):131-137.DOI:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2015.05.023.
[6]杨立新,陆茂成,赵军喜.隧道施工爆破后通风排烟风量计算的探讨[J].西部探矿工程,2000(1):55-56,90.YANG Lixin,LU Maocheng,ZHAO Junxi.Discussion on ventilationsmoke-drain calculation in tunnel construction after blasting[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2000(1):55-56,90.
[7]苏利军,卢文波.地下巷道钻爆开挖过程中炮烟扩散及通风[J].爆破,2000,17(1):1-6.DOI:10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2000.01.001.SU Lijun,LU Wenbo.Study on diffusion of blasting fumes andventilation technique during construction of underground tunnel[J].Blasting,2000,17(1):1-6.DOI:10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2000.01.001.
[8]邓祥辉,刘钊,刘钊春,等.两河口长隧道独头掘进压入式施工通风三维数值模拟[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2014,36(2):35-41.DOI:10.11835/j.issn.1674-4764.2014.02.006.DENG Xianghui,LIU Zhao,LIU Zhaochun,et al.3D numericalsimulation on forced construction ventilation of long single head tunnel of Lianghekou[J].Journal of Civil,Architecture&Environmental Engineering,2014,36(2):35-41.DOI:10.11835/j.issn.1674-4764.2014.02.006.
[9]刘钊,陈兴周,冯璐,等.长隧道独头掘进压入式施工通风数值模拟[J].西北水电,2012(1):66-69.LIU Zhao,CHEN Xingzhou,FENG Lu,et al.Simulation of valuesof forced ventilation for construction of long tunnel excavated from asingle end[J].Northwest Hydropower,2012(1):66-69.
[10]陈赞成,杨鹏,吕文生,等.高寒矿井穿脉巷道掘进炮烟扩散规律的数值模拟[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(5):521-525.DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.05.003.CHEN Zancheng,YANG Peng,LüWensheng,Numericalsimulation on the diffusion law of blasting fume during roadwaytunneling across a vein in an alpine mine[J].Journal of Universityof Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(5):521-525.DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.05.003.
[11]TORANO J,TORNO S,MENENDEZ M,et al.Models of methanebehaviour in auxiliary ventilation of underground coal mining[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2009,80(1):35-43.DOI:10.1016/j.coal.2009.07.008.
[12]WANG Xiaoling,LIU Xuepeng,SUN Yuefeng,et al.Constructionschedule simulation of a diversion tunnel based on the optimizedventilation time[J].Journal of Hazardous Material,2009,165(1/2/3):933-943.DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.115.
[13]TORNO S,TORANO J,ULECIA M,et al.Conventional andnumerical models of blasting gas behavior in auxiliary ventilation ofmining headings[J].Tunnelling and Underground SpaceTechnology,2013,34:73-81.DOI:10.1016/j.tust.2012.11.003.
[14]GILLIES A D S,WU H W,SHIRES D.Development of anassessment tool to minimize safe after blast re-entry time to improvethe mining cycle[C]//Proceedings of the 10th US/North American Mine Ventilation Symposium,Anchorage.Alaska,USA:AABalkeme publishers,2004:315-324.
[15]何磊,张少杰.基于CFD的锡铁山矿穿脉掘进巷道炮烟扩散规律研究[J].中国矿山工程,2012,41(5):1-4.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-609X.2012.05.001.HE Lei,ZHANG Shaojie.Study on diffusion of blasting fume inblind drift of xitieshan mine based on CFD[J].China MineEngineering,2012,41(5):1-4.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-609X.2012.05.001.
[16]国家安全生产监督管理总局.金属非金属矿山安全规程,GB l6423—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.State Administration of Work Safety.Safety regulation in metal andnonmetal Mine,GB l6423—2006[S].Beijing:Standard Press ofChina,2006.
[17]张国枢,谭允祯,陈开岩,等.通风安全学[M].修订版.徐州:中国矿业大学出版,2007.ZHANG Guoshu,TAN Yunzhen,CHEN Kaiyan,et al.Safetyventilation[M].Revised edition.Xuzhou:China University ofMining and Technology Press,2007.
[18]刘思峰,谢乃明.灰色系统理论及其应用[M].6版.北京:科学出版社,2013.LIU Sifeng,XIE Naiming.Grey system theory and its aapplication[M].6th ed.Beijing:Science Press,2013.
[19]南春子,张文辉,赵晓,等.复杂洞室群施工期通风有害气体扩散数值模拟[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2014,54(8):993-998.DOI:10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2014.08.011.NAN Chunzi,ZHANG Wenhui,ZHAO Xiao,et al.Numericalsimulations of ventilation to remove noxious gases during excavationof complicated tunnels[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science&Technology,2014,54(8):993-998.DOI:10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2014.08.011.