独头巷道爆破后氡及炮烟的运移规律
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摘要
为有效指导铀矿井下独头巷道掘进面爆破后通风排氡与排炮烟的设计与管理,基于质量守恒定律和置换通风理论,建立独头巷道内抛掷空间和风流末端氡及炮烟浓度随通风时间变化的计算模型。分析岩石铀品位、通风风量、岩壁氡析出率和巷道长度对氡浓度的影响,以及通风风量对炮烟浓度的影响。利用所建模型,分别提出满足氡浓度和CO浓度限值条件下,独头巷道排氡与排炮烟的理论最短通风时间的计算方法。结果表明:在相同参数条件下,由最短通风时间计算方法得到的排炮烟与排氡时间有差异,建议巷道爆破后的最短通风时间取二者中较大值。
After blasting,the driving face of blind roadway in uranium mine will release high concentrations of radon and basting-fume. In order to instruct the design and management of eliminating radon and blasting-fume in the blind roadway after blasting effectively,based on the theories of mass conservation and displacement ventilation,models were built for calculating radon concentration and blasting-fume concentration as functions of ventilation time in the throwing-space and wind end,respectively. Influences of uranium content of rock,ventilation volume,exhalation rate of rock wall and the length of roadway on radon concentration and the influence of ventilation volume on blasting-fume concentration were studied. Then,with the models,calculation methods were put forward for theoretical shortest ventilation time for eliminating radon and blasting-fume in the blind roadway which meets radon concentration limit and CO concentration limit. The results show that under the same condition,there is difference between the value of eliminating radon time and that of removing blasting-fume time. It is suggested that the shortest ventilation time should be the bigger one of two time values.
After blasting,the driving face of blind roadway in uranium mine will release high concentrations of radon and basting-fume. In order to instruct the design and management of eliminating radon and blasting-fume in the blind roadway after blasting effectively,based on the theories of mass conservation and displacement ventilation,models were built for calculating radon concentration and blasting-fume concentration as functions of ventilation time in the throwing-space and wind end,respectively. Influences of uranium content of rock,ventilation volume,exhalation rate of rock wall and the length of roadway on radon concentration and the influence of ventilation volume on blasting-fume concentration were studied. Then,with the models,calculation methods were put forward for theoretical shortest ventilation time for eliminating radon and blasting-fume in the blind roadway which meets radon concentration limit and CO concentration limit. The results show that under the same condition,there is difference between the value of eliminating radon time and that of removing blasting-fume time. It is suggested that the shortest ventilation time should be the bigger one of two time values.
引文
[1]苏利军,卢文波.地下巷道钻爆开挖过程中炮烟扩散及通风[J].爆破,2000,17(1):1-6.SU Li-jun,LU Wen-bo.Study on diffusion of blasting fumes and ventilation technique during construction of underground tunnel[J].Blasting,2000,17(1):1-6.
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[3]王时彬,陈日辉,刘世涛,等.独头掘进面爆破后CO浓度变化分析及预测[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(6):101-103.WANG Shi-bin,CHEN Ri-hui,LIU Shi-tao,et al.Analysis and forecast on CO concentration change rule of dead driving working face after blasting[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(6):101-103.
[4]张舸,曹杨,纪洪广,等.独头巷道中炮烟散发规律及浓度预测模型试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(4):150-154.ZHANG Ge,CAO Yang,JI Hong-guang,et al.Experimental study of blasting-fume diffusion and concentration prediction in a blind tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(4):150-154.
[5]吕早生.炮烟中有毒气体含量简化计算法[J].武汉钢铁学院学报,1995,18(2):121-127.LYU Zao-sheng.A kind of simplified method calculating poisonous gas content in blasting product[J].Journal of Wuhan Iron and Steel University,1995,18(2):121-127.
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[7]范洪滨.独头巷道氡的析出特性与排氡通风[J].铀矿冶,1984,3(3):50-55.FAN Hong-bin.Characteristics of radon escaping and mode of ventilation for radon discharging in some blind heading[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,1984,3(3):50-55.
[8]周星火,李先杰.某矿氡污染分析和通风降氡效果[J].辐射防护通讯,2002,22(3):7-11.ZHOU Xing-huo,LI Xian-jie.Radon contamination analysis and control in a uranium mine[J].Radiation Protection Bulletin,2002,22(3):7-11.
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[10]叶勇军,丁德馨,周星火,等.压入式通风独头巷道内氡及氡子体的浓度分布特征[C].中国核科学技术进展报告(第2卷)北京:中国原子能出版社,2011:118-122.YE Yong-jun,DING De-xin,ZHOU Xing-huo,et al.Distribution characteristics of radon and its progeny in blind roadway with forced ventilation[C].Progress Report on China Nuclear Science&Technology(Vol.2),Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,2011:118-122.
[11]叶勇军,王立恒,丁德馨,等.压抽混合式通风独头巷道内氡及氡子体浓度的计算模型及其分布规律研究[J].核科学与工程,2014,34(2):219-227.YE Yong-jun,WANG Li-heng,DING De-xin,et al.Study on calculation models and distribution rules of the radon concentration and its progenies concentration in blind roadway with forced-exhaust ventilation[J].Nuclear Science and Engineering,2014,34(2):219-227.
[12]伍颖,李庆双,王坤.某铀矿井氡析出量与排氡通风量的估算[J].安全与环境工程,2011,18(1):45-47.WU Ying,LI Qing-shuang,WANG Kun.Calculation of the precipitation amount of radon and rowing of radon ventilation for a mine[J].Safety and Environmental Engineering,2011,18(1):45-47.
[13]张哲,朱民安,张永祥.地下工程与人居环境氡防护技术[M].北京:原子能出版社,2010:23-24.ZHANG Zhe,ZHU Min-an,ZHANG Yong-xiang.Underground engineering and human settlement environment radon protection technology[M].Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,2010:23-24.
[14]赖涤泉.隧道施工通风与防尘[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994:106.LAI Di-quan.Tunnel construction ventilation and dust control[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1994:106.
[15]EJ/T 359—2006,铀矿井排氡及通风技术规范[S].EJ/T 359-2006,Technical regulations for radon exhaustion and ventilation in underground uranium mine[S].
[16]中国工程爆破协会.中国典型爆破工程与技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006:75.China Society of Engineering.China typical blasting engineering and technology[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2006:75.
[2]Harris M L,Mainiero R J.Monitoring and removal of CO in blasting operations[J].Safety Science,2008,46(10):1 393-1 405.
[3]王时彬,陈日辉,刘世涛,等.独头掘进面爆破后CO浓度变化分析及预测[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(6):101-103.WANG Shi-bin,CHEN Ri-hui,LIU Shi-tao,et al.Analysis and forecast on CO concentration change rule of dead driving working face after blasting[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(6):101-103.
[4]张舸,曹杨,纪洪广,等.独头巷道中炮烟散发规律及浓度预测模型试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(4):150-154.ZHANG Ge,CAO Yang,JI Hong-guang,et al.Experimental study of blasting-fume diffusion and concentration prediction in a blind tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(4):150-154.
[5]吕早生.炮烟中有毒气体含量简化计算法[J].武汉钢铁学院学报,1995,18(2):121-127.LYU Zao-sheng.A kind of simplified method calculating poisonous gas content in blasting product[J].Journal of Wuhan Iron and Steel University,1995,18(2):121-127.
[6]赵云胜,罗中杰,刘如民.地质勘探巷道的通风新方法探讨[J].中国安全科学学报,1997,7(1):55-59.ZHAO Yun-sheng,LUO Zhong-jie,LIU Ru-min.Study on the new methods of auxiliary ventilation[J].China Safety Science Journal,1997,7(1):55-59.
[7]范洪滨.独头巷道氡的析出特性与排氡通风[J].铀矿冶,1984,3(3):50-55.FAN Hong-bin.Characteristics of radon escaping and mode of ventilation for radon discharging in some blind heading[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,1984,3(3):50-55.
[8]周星火,李先杰.某矿氡污染分析和通风降氡效果[J].辐射防护通讯,2002,22(3):7-11.ZHOU Xing-huo,LI Xian-jie.Radon contamination analysis and control in a uranium mine[J].Radiation Protection Bulletin,2002,22(3):7-11.
[9]Richon P,Perrier F,Sabroux J,et al.Spatial and time variations of radon-222 concentration in the atmosphere of a deadend horizontal tunnel[J].Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2004,78(2):179-198.
[10]叶勇军,丁德馨,周星火,等.压入式通风独头巷道内氡及氡子体的浓度分布特征[C].中国核科学技术进展报告(第2卷)北京:中国原子能出版社,2011:118-122.YE Yong-jun,DING De-xin,ZHOU Xing-huo,et al.Distribution characteristics of radon and its progeny in blind roadway with forced ventilation[C].Progress Report on China Nuclear Science&Technology(Vol.2),Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,2011:118-122.
[11]叶勇军,王立恒,丁德馨,等.压抽混合式通风独头巷道内氡及氡子体浓度的计算模型及其分布规律研究[J].核科学与工程,2014,34(2):219-227.YE Yong-jun,WANG Li-heng,DING De-xin,et al.Study on calculation models and distribution rules of the radon concentration and its progenies concentration in blind roadway with forced-exhaust ventilation[J].Nuclear Science and Engineering,2014,34(2):219-227.
[12]伍颖,李庆双,王坤.某铀矿井氡析出量与排氡通风量的估算[J].安全与环境工程,2011,18(1):45-47.WU Ying,LI Qing-shuang,WANG Kun.Calculation of the precipitation amount of radon and rowing of radon ventilation for a mine[J].Safety and Environmental Engineering,2011,18(1):45-47.
[13]张哲,朱民安,张永祥.地下工程与人居环境氡防护技术[M].北京:原子能出版社,2010:23-24.ZHANG Zhe,ZHU Min-an,ZHANG Yong-xiang.Underground engineering and human settlement environment radon protection technology[M].Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,2010:23-24.
[14]赖涤泉.隧道施工通风与防尘[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994:106.LAI Di-quan.Tunnel construction ventilation and dust control[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1994:106.
[15]EJ/T 359—2006,铀矿井排氡及通风技术规范[S].EJ/T 359-2006,Technical regulations for radon exhaustion and ventilation in underground uranium mine[S].
[16]中国工程爆破协会.中国典型爆破工程与技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006:75.China Society of Engineering.China typical blasting engineering and technology[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2006:75.