基于Petri网的突发事件下车辆疏散路线优化
|
摘要
在发生突发事件利用应急车辆进行疏散和救援时,需根据时间延误确定车辆的最佳疏散路线。应急车辆在路段的走行时间依赖于路段上的车流量,且出发时刻不同,到达交叉口时对应着不同的相位,从而产生不同的交叉口延误。建立了城市交通网络的广义时延Petri网模型,考虑交叉口信号灯延误的不确定性以及路段走行时间的时间依赖性,以Petri网参数为基础设计了标号算法以寻求应急车辆的最佳疏散路线。最后通过数值算例说明了方法的有效性,并对不同疏散开始时刻同一标识以及同一疏散开始时刻不同标识时得到的疏散路线进行了对比。结果表明该方法可以很好的反应疏散时刻和路段流量对疏散路线的影响。
When emergency vehicles are used for evacuation and rescue under unexpected events, the superior evacuation routes should be determined according to the time delay. The travel time of an emergency vehicle on a road section is depended on the traffic flow on this road, and emergency vehicle starting at different time will face different phases when arriving at an intersection, which in turn results in different intersection delays.A generalized timed Petri net model of urban traffic network is established. Considering the uncertainty of signal at intersections and the time dependence of road travel time, a labeling algorithm based on the parameters of Petri net is designed to find the optimal evacuation route for emergency vehicles. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is indicated by a numerical example. For the purpose of comparison, evacuation routes corresponding to different starting time-same marking and same starting time-different marking are listed, which indicates that this method can better reflect the influence of evacuation starting time and traffic flow on evacuation routes.
When emergency vehicles are used for evacuation and rescue under unexpected events, the superior evacuation routes should be determined according to the time delay. The travel time of an emergency vehicle on a road section is depended on the traffic flow on this road, and emergency vehicle starting at different time will face different phases when arriving at an intersection, which in turn results in different intersection delays.A generalized timed Petri net model of urban traffic network is established. Considering the uncertainty of signal at intersections and the time dependence of road travel time, a labeling algorithm based on the parameters of Petri net is designed to find the optimal evacuation route for emergency vehicles. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is indicated by a numerical example. For the purpose of comparison, evacuation routes corresponding to different starting time-same marking and same starting time-different marking are listed, which indicates that this method can better reflect the influence of evacuation starting time and traffic flow on evacuation routes.
引文
[1]Huang Y S,Weng Y S,Zhou M C.Design of Traffic Safety Control Systems for Emergency Vehicle Preemption Using Timed Petri Nets[J].IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2015,16(4):2113-2120.
[2]Younes M B,Boukerche A.An Efficient Dynamic Traffic Light Scheduling Algorithm Considering Emergency Vehicles for Intelligent Transportation Systems[J].Wireless Networks,2018,24(7):2451-2463.
[3]葛延峰,陈涛,孔祥勇,等.改进蚁群算法在城市汽车导航中的应用[J].控制工程,2016,23(1):133-137.Ge Y F,Chen T,Kong X Y,et al.Application of Improved Ant Colony Algorithm in Car Navigation[J].Control Engineering of China,2016,23(1):133-137.
[4]吴利刚,郭戈.基于SDP处理机制下的网络化车队控制研究[J].控制工程,2016,23(5):698-705.Wu L G,Guo G.Nerworked Control of the Platoon System Based on SDP[J].Control Engineering of China,2016,23(5):698-705.
[5]孙佳,盖文妹.时变条件下的最佳应急物流路线选择[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(10):160-165.Sun J,Gai W M.Selection of Optimal Emergency Logistics Path Under a Time-varying Condition[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(10):160-165.
[6]朱渊,王薛强,陈国明.基于最小中毒剂量的有毒气体泄漏人员优化疏散路线研究[J].安全与环境学报,2013,13(4):266-270.Zhu Y,Wang X Q,Chen G M.Evacuating Route Optimization Based on the Minimum Toxic Dose in Toxic Gas-leaking Accidents[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2013,13(4):266-270.
[7]Saadatseresht M,Mansourian A,Taleai M.Evacuation Planning Using Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimization Approach[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2009,198(1):305-314.
[8]刘万锋,刘伟.突发事件下的城市交通疏运路径选择模型[J].上海海事大学学报,2009,30(3):46-49.Liu W F,Liu W.Urban Traffic Evacuation Routing Selection Model on Emergencies[J].Journal of Shanghai Maritime University,2009,30(3):46-49.
[9]Chen P H,Feng F.A Fast Flow Control Algorithm for Real-time Emergency Evacuation in Large Indoor Areas[J].Fire Safety Journal,2009,44(5):732-740.
[10]So S K,Daganzo C F.Managing Evacuation Routes[J].Transportation Research Part B,2010,44(4):514-520.
[11]Sherali H D,Carter T B.A Location-allocation Model and Algorithm for Evacuation Planning Under Hurricane/flood Conditions[J].Transportation Research Part B,1991,25(6):439-452.
[12]Dunn C E,Newton D.Optimal Routes in GIS and Emergency Planning Applications[J].Area,1992,24(3):259-267.
[13]Cova T J,Johnson J P.A Network Flow Model for Lane-based Evacuation Routing[J].Transportation Research Part A,2003,37(7):579-604.
[14]高明霞,贺国光.考虑交叉口特性的疏散交通路线研究[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(6):80-83.Gao M X,He G G.Optimization of Evacuation Routes Considering Movements at Intersections[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007,40(6):80-83.
[15]Chow W K.‘Waiting time’for Evacuation in Crowded Areas[J].Building&Environment,2007,42(10):3757-3761.
[16]庞明宝,东方,任沙沙.基于时间依赖网络的城市交通紧急疏散线路研究[J].公路交通科技,2011,28(1):100-106.Pang M B,Dong F,Reng S S.Study on Emergency Evacuation Routes of Urban Traffic Based on Time Dependent Network[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2011,28(1):100-106.
[17]高超,蒋光胜,杨孝宽,等.城市应急疏散策略[J].道路交通与安全,2007,7(3):6-9.Gao C,Jiang G S,Yang X K,et al.Study on Evacuation Strategies for the Emergency of Cities[J].Road Traffic and Safety,2007,7(3):6-9.
[18]Qi L,Zhou M C,Luan W J.Emergency Traffic-light Control System Design for Intersections Subject to Accidents[J].IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2016,17(1):170-183.
[19]Dezani H,Bassi R D S,Marranghello N,et al.Optimizing Urban Traffic Flow Using Genetic Algorithm with Petri Net Analysis As Fitness Function[J].Neurocomputing,2014,124(2):162-167.
[20]Holliday M A,Vernon M K.A Generalized Timed Petri Net Model for Performance Analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering,1987,SE-13(12):1297-1310.
[21]王树盛,黄卫,陆振波.路阻函数关系式推导及其拟合分析研究[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(4):107-110.Wang S S,Huang W,Lu Z B.Deduction of Link Performance Function and Its Regression Analysis[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2006,23(4):107-110.
[2]Younes M B,Boukerche A.An Efficient Dynamic Traffic Light Scheduling Algorithm Considering Emergency Vehicles for Intelligent Transportation Systems[J].Wireless Networks,2018,24(7):2451-2463.
[3]葛延峰,陈涛,孔祥勇,等.改进蚁群算法在城市汽车导航中的应用[J].控制工程,2016,23(1):133-137.Ge Y F,Chen T,Kong X Y,et al.Application of Improved Ant Colony Algorithm in Car Navigation[J].Control Engineering of China,2016,23(1):133-137.
[4]吴利刚,郭戈.基于SDP处理机制下的网络化车队控制研究[J].控制工程,2016,23(5):698-705.Wu L G,Guo G.Nerworked Control of the Platoon System Based on SDP[J].Control Engineering of China,2016,23(5):698-705.
[5]孙佳,盖文妹.时变条件下的最佳应急物流路线选择[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(10):160-165.Sun J,Gai W M.Selection of Optimal Emergency Logistics Path Under a Time-varying Condition[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(10):160-165.
[6]朱渊,王薛强,陈国明.基于最小中毒剂量的有毒气体泄漏人员优化疏散路线研究[J].安全与环境学报,2013,13(4):266-270.Zhu Y,Wang X Q,Chen G M.Evacuating Route Optimization Based on the Minimum Toxic Dose in Toxic Gas-leaking Accidents[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2013,13(4):266-270.
[7]Saadatseresht M,Mansourian A,Taleai M.Evacuation Planning Using Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimization Approach[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2009,198(1):305-314.
[8]刘万锋,刘伟.突发事件下的城市交通疏运路径选择模型[J].上海海事大学学报,2009,30(3):46-49.Liu W F,Liu W.Urban Traffic Evacuation Routing Selection Model on Emergencies[J].Journal of Shanghai Maritime University,2009,30(3):46-49.
[9]Chen P H,Feng F.A Fast Flow Control Algorithm for Real-time Emergency Evacuation in Large Indoor Areas[J].Fire Safety Journal,2009,44(5):732-740.
[10]So S K,Daganzo C F.Managing Evacuation Routes[J].Transportation Research Part B,2010,44(4):514-520.
[11]Sherali H D,Carter T B.A Location-allocation Model and Algorithm for Evacuation Planning Under Hurricane/flood Conditions[J].Transportation Research Part B,1991,25(6):439-452.
[12]Dunn C E,Newton D.Optimal Routes in GIS and Emergency Planning Applications[J].Area,1992,24(3):259-267.
[13]Cova T J,Johnson J P.A Network Flow Model for Lane-based Evacuation Routing[J].Transportation Research Part A,2003,37(7):579-604.
[14]高明霞,贺国光.考虑交叉口特性的疏散交通路线研究[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(6):80-83.Gao M X,He G G.Optimization of Evacuation Routes Considering Movements at Intersections[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007,40(6):80-83.
[15]Chow W K.‘Waiting time’for Evacuation in Crowded Areas[J].Building&Environment,2007,42(10):3757-3761.
[16]庞明宝,东方,任沙沙.基于时间依赖网络的城市交通紧急疏散线路研究[J].公路交通科技,2011,28(1):100-106.Pang M B,Dong F,Reng S S.Study on Emergency Evacuation Routes of Urban Traffic Based on Time Dependent Network[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2011,28(1):100-106.
[17]高超,蒋光胜,杨孝宽,等.城市应急疏散策略[J].道路交通与安全,2007,7(3):6-9.Gao C,Jiang G S,Yang X K,et al.Study on Evacuation Strategies for the Emergency of Cities[J].Road Traffic and Safety,2007,7(3):6-9.
[18]Qi L,Zhou M C,Luan W J.Emergency Traffic-light Control System Design for Intersections Subject to Accidents[J].IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2016,17(1):170-183.
[19]Dezani H,Bassi R D S,Marranghello N,et al.Optimizing Urban Traffic Flow Using Genetic Algorithm with Petri Net Analysis As Fitness Function[J].Neurocomputing,2014,124(2):162-167.
[20]Holliday M A,Vernon M K.A Generalized Timed Petri Net Model for Performance Analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering,1987,SE-13(12):1297-1310.
[21]王树盛,黄卫,陆振波.路阻函数关系式推导及其拟合分析研究[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(4):107-110.Wang S S,Huang W,Lu Z B.Deduction of Link Performance Function and Its Regression Analysis[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2006,23(4):107-110.