基于衍射横波的裂纹激光超声检测方法
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摘要
为了评估表面开口裂纹,采用激光超声衍射横波的方法测量其参量。激光激励的横波传播至裂纹尖端产生衍射信号,随后被处于裂纹另一侧的传感器所接收。依据不同接收点衍射横波的渡越时间,推导出裂纹参量的计算公式;模拟分析了横波在工件中的传播过程,搭建了裂纹的激光超声测量实验系统,并采集了衍射横波数据。结果表明,在有效的检测范围内,测量值与实际值之间的误差在5%之内。该结果可促进激光超声在表面裂纹检测中的应用。
In order to evaluate surface breaking cracks, laser ultrasonic diffraction shear wave method was used to measure its parameters. Laser-induced shear wave propagating to the crack tip produced a diffraction signal and then the signal was received by the sensors on the other side of the crack. According to the transit time of diffracted shear waves at different receiving points, the formulas for calculating crack parameters were derived. The propagation process of the shear wave in the workpiece was simulated and analyzed. The experimental system of laser-ultrasonic crack measurement was established. The diffraction shear wave data were also collected. The experimental results show that, within the effective detection range, the error between the measured value and the actual value is within 5%. The results can promote the application of laser ultrasound in surface crack detection.
In order to evaluate surface breaking cracks, laser ultrasonic diffraction shear wave method was used to measure its parameters. Laser-induced shear wave propagating to the crack tip produced a diffraction signal and then the signal was received by the sensors on the other side of the crack. According to the transit time of diffracted shear waves at different receiving points, the formulas for calculating crack parameters were derived. The propagation process of the shear wave in the workpiece was simulated and analyzed. The experimental system of laser-ultrasonic crack measurement was established. The diffraction shear wave data were also collected. The experimental results show that, within the effective detection range, the error between the measured value and the actual value is within 5%. The results can promote the application of laser ultrasound in surface crack detection.
引文
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[3] ZHU H L,LIU Ch,ZHANG B,et al.Research on laser ultrasonic visual image processing [J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2018,45(1):01040004(in Chinese).
[4] MI B,UME I C.Parametric studies of laser generated ultrasonic signals in ablative regime:Time and frequency domains [J].Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation,2002,21(1):23-33.
[5] MA J,ZHAO Y,ZHOU F Y,et al.Effect of defocusing amount on thickness measurement based on laser ultrasound[J].Laser Technology,2015,39(3):349-352(in Chinese).
[6] LEE S E,LIU P P,KO Y W,et al.Study on effect of laser-induced ablation for Lamb waves in a thin plate [J].Ultrasonics,2019,91:121-128.
[7] XU Zh X,HUANG J H,WANG Zh G,et al.Numerical study on coated metal surface crack by laser ultrasonic detection[J].Laser Technology,2018,42(6):801-805(in Chinese).
[8] CAO J Sh,CAO Zh,ZHAO L F,et al.Detecting techniques of surface crack of pipeline based on laser ultrasonic[J].Opto-Electronic Engineering,2016,43(3):1-6(in Chinese).
[9] CHOI Y S,JEONG H,LEE J R.Laser ultrasonic system for surface crack visualization in dissimilar welds of control rod drive mechanism assembly of nuclear power plant [J].Shock and Vibration,2014,10(1):1-10.
[10] LIU Z H,FENG X J,CHEN H L,et al.Experimental research on defect detection of laser-induced Lamb waves based on wavenumber analysis[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(18):23-32(in Chinese).
[11] LI K S,MA Zh Y,FU P,et al.Quantitative evaluation of surface crack depth with a scanning laser source based on particle swarm optimization-neural network [J].NDT & E International,2018,98:208-214.
[12] WANG M Y,ZHOU Y J,GUO Ch.Numerical simulation of laser ultrasonic detection of surface micro-crack depth[J].Laser Technology,2017,41(2):178-181(in Chinese).
[13] SHEN Zh H,LI J,NI Ch Y,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental study on surface acoustic waves interacting with cracks heated by scanning heating laser source[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2012,131(4):3477.
[14] MA J,ZHAO Y,SUN J H,et al.Experimental study on ultrasonic bulk field induced by oblique laser[J].High Power Laser & Particle Beams,2015,27(9):301-306(in Chinese).
[15] FENG W W,JIN L,ZHAO J F,et al.Mode conversion of laser-excited shear waves interaction with the side of vertical cracks[J].Laser Technology,2018,42(4):487-493(in Chinese).
[16] NDT BRANCH OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.Ultrasonic testing [M].Beijing:Machinery Industry Press,2000:16-18(in Chinese).
[17] HUTCHINS D A,DEWHURST R J,PALMER S B.Directivity patterns of laser-generated ultrasound in aluminum[J].The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1981,70(5):1362-1369.
[18] HE Sh,YUAN Z M,YU J Sh,et al.Inspection technique research on time of flight diffraction method[J].China Measurement & Test,2009,35(3):104-106(in Chinese).
[19] ZHANG D H,LIU L L,ZHANG Sh X,et al.Identification and utilization of transformed wave in TOFD parallel scanning[J].Nondestructive Testing,2015,37(7):54-56(in Chinese).
[20] QIANG T P,XIAO X,LI Zh J,et al.Calculation for the blind zone of TOFD testing technology and its characteristic analysis[J].Nondestructive Testing,2008,30(10):738-740(in Chinese).
[21] WANG J Sh,XU X D,LIU X J,et al.Low pass effect of surface defect metal based on laser ultrasonic[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2008,57(12):7765-7769(in Chinese).
[22] KIM J G,CHOI S,JHANG K Y.Simulations for internal defect inspection using laser generated ultrasonic wave in ablation regime [J].Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing,2014,34(3):226-232.
[23] MA J,ZHAO Y,SUN J H,et al.Numerical simulation of ultrasonic shear wave propagation based on the finite element method [J].Applied Mechanics & Materials,2014,488/489:926-929.
[24] LECKEY C,WHEELER K R,HAFIYCHUK V N,et al.Simulation of guided-wave ultrasound propagation in composite laminates:Benchmark comparisons of numerical codes and experiment[J].Ultrasonics,2017,84:187-200.