阿姆河盆地卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层沉积学特征
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摘要
土库曼斯坦东北部的阿姆河盆地,是中亚地区最重要的含油气盆地之一。根据钻井岩心、测井、地震和分析化验资料,识别出3个三级层序,均由海侵和高位两个体系域构成。总体表现为水体向上变浅序列。通过应用层序地层学和地震沉积学研究方法,对阿姆河盆地卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐台地储层沉积学特征进行了研究,划分出蒸发台地、局限台地、开阔台地、台地边缘礁滩、前缘缓斜坡和盆地6个相带。确定台地边缘生物礁、滩及前缘缓斜坡的坡内礁、滩相沉积最有利储层发育。储层岩性主要为厚壳蛤礁灰岩和各类颗粒灰岩,以发育保存良好的原生孔隙型与裂缝-孔隙型储层为主,认为台地边缘和斜坡内的储层分布明显受沉积期的有利礁、滩相带和埋藏期成岩作用等复合因素控制,这一特点可作为油气勘探潜力分析的依据。
The Amu Darya basin,located in northeastern Turkmenistan,is one of the most important petroliferous basins in central Asia. Three third-order shallowing-upward stratigraphic sequences,each of which is composed of two system tracts( transgressive system tract and highstand system tract),were recognized in the basin based on analyses of core observation,logging and seismic data. A sedimentology study of the Calov-Oxfordian carbonate platform reservoirs in the area reveals that there are six facies: evaporate platform,restricted platform,open platform,platform margin reef,gentle slope and basin. Among them,the platform margin reef and gentle slope reef flat are considered potential reservoirs for play fairways. The reservoirs are mostly rudist bivalve reef limestone and all sorts of grain limestones. Primary pores are well preserved and fracture-pore networks are common in the reservoirs. It is suggested that the distribution of reservoirs in the platform margin and the slope is obviously affected by controlling factors such as reef presence,distribution of shoal facies belts favorable for oil and gas accumulations,burial diagenesis. An understanding of these factors could be useful for oil and gas exploration activities in the future.
The Amu Darya basin,located in northeastern Turkmenistan,is one of the most important petroliferous basins in central Asia. Three third-order shallowing-upward stratigraphic sequences,each of which is composed of two system tracts( transgressive system tract and highstand system tract),were recognized in the basin based on analyses of core observation,logging and seismic data. A sedimentology study of the Calov-Oxfordian carbonate platform reservoirs in the area reveals that there are six facies: evaporate platform,restricted platform,open platform,platform margin reef,gentle slope and basin. Among them,the platform margin reef and gentle slope reef flat are considered potential reservoirs for play fairways. The reservoirs are mostly rudist bivalve reef limestone and all sorts of grain limestones. Primary pores are well preserved and fracture-pore networks are common in the reservoirs. It is suggested that the distribution of reservoirs in the platform margin and the slope is obviously affected by controlling factors such as reef presence,distribution of shoal facies belts favorable for oil and gas accumulations,burial diagenesis. An understanding of these factors could be useful for oil and gas exploration activities in the future.
引文
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[12]张文起,刘学清,张铭,等.土库曼斯坦阿姆河地区点礁储层地震正演模拟及响应[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(1):72-75.Zhang Wenqi,Liu Xueqing,Zhang Ming,et al.Forward Seismic Modeling and Its Response of Point reef Reservoir in Amudarya Area of Turkmenistan[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(1):72-75.
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[16]李洪玺,程绪彬,刘合年,等.麦捷让气田古构造对油气成藏的控制作用[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,32(4):44-49.Li Hongxi,Cheng Xubin,Liu Henian,et al.Controlling effect of Metejan paleostructure on the formation of gas reservoir[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2010,32(4):44-49.
[17]徐明华,李瑞,张世荣,等.阿姆河右岸区块碳酸盐岩岩性气藏勘探实践—以麦捷让构造区为例[J].天然气工业,2011,31(4):24-27.Xu Minghua,Li Rui,Zhang Shirong,et al.An exploration practice of lithologic carbonate gas reservoirs:The Metajan Structure in the Right Bank Block of the Amu Darya River[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(4):24-27.
[18]Meisel T,Urs Krhenb L,Nazarov M A.Combined osmium and strontium isotopic study of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary at Sumbar,Turkmenistan:a test for an impact vs.a volcanic hypothesis[J].Geology,1995,23(4):313-316.
[19]Vail,P.R.,1988,Sequence stratigraphy workbook,fundamentals of sequence stratigraphy,1988,AAPG,Annual Convention Short Course.
[20]Vail P R,Mitchum R M,Thompson S.1977.Seismic stratigaphy and global changes of sea level,part3:Relative changes of sea level from coastal onlap,in C.E.Clayton,ed,Seismic stratigraphy-applications to hydrocarbon exploration[J].Tulsa,Oklahoma,American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir,26:63-81.
[21]郑荣才,赵灿,刘合年,等.阿姆河盆地卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩阴极发光性及其研究意义[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,37(4):377-385.Zheng Rongcai,Zhao Can,Liu Henian,et al.Cathodoluminescence and its significance of the Callovian-Oxfordian carbonate rocks in Amu Darya basin,Turkmenistan[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology),2010,37(4):377-385.
[22]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:1-540.Jiang Zaixing.Sedimentology[M].Beijing:House of Oil Industry,2003:1-540.
[23]龙一慧,杨斌,朱冉,等.BP神经网络在碳酸盐岩储层参数测井解释中的应用[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(6):32-39.Long Yihui,Yang Bin,Zhu Ran,et al.Logging interpretation of carbonate reservoir parameters by using BP neural network[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2015,34(6):32-39.
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[25]郑荣才,刘合年,吴蕾,等.阿姆河盆地卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层地球化学特征和成岩流体分析[J].岩石学报,2012.28.(3):961-970.Zheng RC,Liu HN,Wu L,et al.Geochemical characteristics and diagenetic fluid of the Callovian-Oxfordian carbona-te reservoirs in Amu Darya basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(3):961-970(in Chinese with English abstract)
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[29]曹均,徐敏,贺振华,等,礁灰岩储层孔隙流体敏感性参数分析—以阿姆河右岸区块生物礁储层为例[J].天然气工业,2010,30(5):37-40.Cao Jun,Xu Min,He Zhenhua,et al.An analysis of pore fluid sensitivity parameters in reef limestone reservoirs:An example from CallovianOxfordian carbonate reef reservoirs in the Amu Darya Right Bank Block,Turkmenistan[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(5):37-40.
[2]徐树宝,王素花,孙晓军.土库曼斯坦油气地质和资源潜力[J].石油科技论坛,2007,6:31-38.Xu Shubao,Wang Suhua,Sun Xiaojun.petroleum geology and resource potential[J].Oil Forum,2007,6:31-38.
[3]张兵,郑荣才,刘合年,等.土库曼斯坦萨曼杰佩气田卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层特征[J].地质学报,2010,84(1):117-125.Zhang Bing,Zheng Rongcai,Liu Henian,et al.Characteristics of Carbonate Reservoir in Callovian-Oxfordian of Samandepe Gasfield,Turkmenistan[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2010,84(1):117-125.
[4]郑荣才,刘合年,吴蕾,等.阿姆河盆地卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层地球化学特征和成岩流体分析[J].岩石学报,2012,28(3):961-970.Zheng Rongcai,Liu Henian,Wu Lei,et al,Geochemical characteristics and diagenetic fluid of the Callovian-Oxfordian carbonate reservoirs in Amu Darya basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(3):961-970.
[5]文华国,宫博识,郑荣才,等.土库曼斯坦萨曼杰佩气田卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩沉积-成岩系统[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(4):991-1002.Wen Huaguo,Gong Boshi,Zheng Rongcai,et al.Deposition and Diagenetic System of Carbonate in Callovian-Oxfordian of Samandepe Gasfield,Turkmenistan[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(4):991-1002.
[6]刘石磊,郑荣才,颜文全,等.阿姆河盆地阿盖雷地区牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层特征[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(1):57-63.Liu Shilei,Zheng Rongcai,Yan Wenquan,et al.Characteristics of Oxfordian carbonate reservoir in Agayry area,Amu Darya Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(1):57-63.
[7]董霞,郑荣才,吴蕾,等.土库曼斯坦萨曼杰佩气田储层成岩作用与孔隙演化[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(2):54-61.Dong Xia,Zheng Rongcai,Wu Lei,et al.Diagenesis and porosity evolution of carbonate reservoirs in Samandepe Gas Field,Turkmenistan[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2010,22(2):54-61.
[8]徐文礼,郑荣才,费怀义,等.土库曼斯坦阿姆河盆地卡洛夫—牛津阶沉积相特征[J].中国地质,2012,39(4):954-964.Xu Wenli,Zheng Rongcai,Fei Huaiyi,et al.The sedimentary facies of Callovian-Oxfordian Stage in Amu Darya basin,Turkmenistan[J].Geology in China,2012,39(4):954-964.
[9]徐文礼,郑荣才,费怀义,等.土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸卡洛夫-牛津阶裂缝特征及形成期次[J].天然气工业,2012,32(4):33-38.Xu Wenli,Zheng Rongcai,Fei Huaiyi,et al.Characteristics and timing of fractures in the Callovian-Oxfordian boundary of the right bank of the Amu Darya River,Turkmenistan[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(4):33-38.
[10]王玲,张研,吴蕾,等.阿姆河右岸区块生物礁特征与识别方法[J].天然气工业,2010,30(5):30-33.Wang Ling,Zhang Yan,Wu Lei,et al.Characteristics and identification of bioherms in the Amu Darya Right Bank Block,Turkmenistan[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(5):30-33.
[11]曾忠玉,陈发景,陈昭年,等.阿姆河右岸AS区块卡洛夫-牛津组生物礁层正演模拟[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(2):201-203.Zeng Zhongyu,Chen fajing,Chen Zhaonian,et al.Forward Modeling of Callovian-Oxfordian Reefs of Upper Jurassic in AS Block of Amu Darya Right Bank in Turkmenistan[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2011,32(2):201-203.
[12]张文起,刘学清,张铭,等.土库曼斯坦阿姆河地区点礁储层地震正演模拟及响应[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(1):72-75.Zhang Wenqi,Liu Xueqing,Zhang Ming,et al.Forward Seismic Modeling and Its Response of Point reef Reservoir in Amudarya Area of Turkmenistan[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(1):72-75.
[13]徐文世,刘秀联,余志清,等.中亚阿姆河含油气盆地构造特征[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(5):744-748.Xu Wenshi,Liu Xiulian,Yu Zhiqing,et al.Geological Structure of Amu-Darya Basin in Central Asia[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(5):744-748.
[14]Thomas Meisel,Urs Krahenbuhl,Michael A.Nazarov.1995.Combined osmium and strontium isotopic study of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary at Sumbar,Turkmenistan:Atest for an impactvs.volcanic hypothesis[J].Geology,(5):313-316.
[15]郭永强,刘洛夫,朱胜利,等.阿姆达林盆地含油气系统划分与评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):515-520.Guo Yongqiang,Liu luofu,Zhu Shengli,et al.Classif ication and assessment of petroleum system in Amu-Daria Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(4):515-520.
[16]李洪玺,程绪彬,刘合年,等.麦捷让气田古构造对油气成藏的控制作用[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,32(4):44-49.Li Hongxi,Cheng Xubin,Liu Henian,et al.Controlling effect of Metejan paleostructure on the formation of gas reservoir[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2010,32(4):44-49.
[17]徐明华,李瑞,张世荣,等.阿姆河右岸区块碳酸盐岩岩性气藏勘探实践—以麦捷让构造区为例[J].天然气工业,2011,31(4):24-27.Xu Minghua,Li Rui,Zhang Shirong,et al.An exploration practice of lithologic carbonate gas reservoirs:The Metajan Structure in the Right Bank Block of the Amu Darya River[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(4):24-27.
[18]Meisel T,Urs Krhenb L,Nazarov M A.Combined osmium and strontium isotopic study of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary at Sumbar,Turkmenistan:a test for an impact vs.a volcanic hypothesis[J].Geology,1995,23(4):313-316.
[19]Vail,P.R.,1988,Sequence stratigraphy workbook,fundamentals of sequence stratigraphy,1988,AAPG,Annual Convention Short Course.
[20]Vail P R,Mitchum R M,Thompson S.1977.Seismic stratigaphy and global changes of sea level,part3:Relative changes of sea level from coastal onlap,in C.E.Clayton,ed,Seismic stratigraphy-applications to hydrocarbon exploration[J].Tulsa,Oklahoma,American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir,26:63-81.
[21]郑荣才,赵灿,刘合年,等.阿姆河盆地卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩阴极发光性及其研究意义[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,37(4):377-385.Zheng Rongcai,Zhao Can,Liu Henian,et al.Cathodoluminescence and its significance of the Callovian-Oxfordian carbonate rocks in Amu Darya basin,Turkmenistan[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology),2010,37(4):377-385.
[22]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:1-540.Jiang Zaixing.Sedimentology[M].Beijing:House of Oil Industry,2003:1-540.
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