精益工艺对粉体硬化能力的影响
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摘要
采用复合法和扩散合金法制备两种成分相同的Fe-4.00Ni-1.50Cu-0.50Mo粉末,研究了冷却速率和含碳量对两种材料硬化能力的影响。采用光学显微镜、热膨胀仪和硬度计,观察材料金相结构,并测定其在1.06～1.94℃/s冷却速率下的连续烧结膨胀曲线及烧结后硬度,用于表征试样硬化能力。结果表明:粉末的硬化能力与烧结后的马氏体含量有关,马氏体含量能随碳含量和冷却速率的增加而提高,其硬化能力也相应提高。当碳质量分数为0.50%时,两种粉末的硬化能力相当。随着碳含量的增加,复合法制备粉末的硬化能力明显高于扩散合金法,完全预合金的Mo元素对材料的硬化能力起主要作用,碳含量对合金化程度高的材料硬化作用更为明显。
Fe-4.00 Ni-1.50 Cu-0.50 Mo powders with the same composition were prepared by hybrid method and diffusion alloying method. The effects of cooling rate and carbon content on the hardenability of the two materials were studied. The metallographic structure of the material was observed by optical microscope,and its continuous sintering expansion curve and sintering hardness at the cooling rate of 1.06-1.94 ℃/s were measured through thermal expansion instrument and Rockwell hard-meter to characterize the hardenability of the samples. The results show that the hardenability of the powder is related to the martensite content after sintering. The martensite content increases with the increase of carbon content and cooling rate,and its hardenability also increases correspondingly.When the mass percent of carbon is 0.50%,the hardenability of the two powders is equivalent. With the increase of carbon content,the hardenability of powder prepared by hybrid method is obviously higher than that of diffusion alloy method. Mo element of complete prealloying plays a major role in the hardenability of the material,and carbon content has more obvious hardening effect on the material with high alloying degree.
Fe-4.00 Ni-1.50 Cu-0.50 Mo powders with the same composition were prepared by hybrid method and diffusion alloying method. The effects of cooling rate and carbon content on the hardenability of the two materials were studied. The metallographic structure of the material was observed by optical microscope,and its continuous sintering expansion curve and sintering hardness at the cooling rate of 1.06-1.94 ℃/s were measured through thermal expansion instrument and Rockwell hard-meter to characterize the hardenability of the samples. The results show that the hardenability of the powder is related to the martensite content after sintering. The martensite content increases with the increase of carbon content and cooling rate,and its hardenability also increases correspondingly.When the mass percent of carbon is 0.50%,the hardenability of the two powders is equivalent. With the increase of carbon content,the hardenability of powder prepared by hybrid method is obviously higher than that of diffusion alloy method. Mo element of complete prealloying plays a major role in the hardenability of the material,and carbon content has more obvious hardening effect on the material with high alloying degree.
引文
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[3]韩凤麟.粉末冶金铁基零件的烧结-硬化处理[J].粉末冶金工业,2014,24(1):1.
[4]郭瑞金.烧结硬化用低合金钢粉[J].粉末冶金工业,2003,13(4):1.
[5]肖志瑜,沈元勋,温利平,等. Fe-Cu-Ni-Mo-C材料烧结硬化性能研究[J].粉末冶金工业. 2007,17(6):9.
[6] Capus J. Lean alloys:keeping ferrous PM on track[J]. Metal Powder Report,2017,72(1):17.
[7]张立华.石墨和铜对粉末冶金低合金钢烧结硬化性能的影响[J].广东有色金属学报,2000,10(1):55.
[8] FU Y,ZHANG H,WANG G,et al. Investigation of mechanical properties for hybrid deposition and micro-rolling of bainite steel[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2017,250:220.
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