含硫输气管道泄漏扩散多气团叠加计算模型
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摘要
为研究含硫气输送管道全管径断裂后的失效影响,提出管道泄漏后硫化氢扩散浓度的计算方法。将管道泄漏过程等效为多个瞬时泄漏气团等时间间隔的连续释放,考虑管道压力变化、风速对泄漏气团的质量、喷射高度的影响,基于高斯烟团模型,对泄漏气团扩散过程中变化的气体浓度进行叠加计算,建立任意时刻沿下风向硫化氢体积分数分布的计算方法。根据输气管道泄漏扩散规律,确定大气扩散参数、各气团质量和喷射高度等基本参数,并以含硫体积分数为10%的输气管进行实例计算。结果表明:地面空气中的硫化氢体积分数在管道泄漏后沿下风向先增大后减小,影响范围不断向下风向延伸;且管径、压力越大,硫化氢在地面的影响范围越广。
The paper was aimed at establishing a calculation method of sour gas' s release and dispersion from a pipeline in order that a sour pipeline's full diameter fracture effect can be estimated. The leakage process of pipeline was treated equivalently as multiple puff discharging from the pipe continuously in equal time steps. Using Gauss puff model to calculate a single puff's dispersion process,considering the effect of pipeline pressure decrease and wind speed on the leakage mass and release jet height,can be estimated calculation model was built through the superposition of multiple puffs. the puff mass,dispersion parameters,release jet height and other parameters were reasonably determined. Finally,according to the hydrogen sulfide volume fraction of 10%,the hydrogen sulfide volume fractions in the air were calculated as a function of both position and time. The results show that after the leakage,hydrogen sulfide volume fraction in the air increases first,then decreases,and that the affected area will expand with the diameter and pressure,accordingly.
The paper was aimed at establishing a calculation method of sour gas' s release and dispersion from a pipeline in order that a sour pipeline's full diameter fracture effect can be estimated. The leakage process of pipeline was treated equivalently as multiple puff discharging from the pipe continuously in equal time steps. Using Gauss puff model to calculate a single puff's dispersion process,considering the effect of pipeline pressure decrease and wind speed on the leakage mass and release jet height,can be estimated calculation model was built through the superposition of multiple puffs. the puff mass,dispersion parameters,release jet height and other parameters were reasonably determined. Finally,according to the hydrogen sulfide volume fraction of 10%,the hydrogen sulfide volume fractions in the air were calculated as a function of both position and time. The results show that after the leakage,hydrogen sulfide volume fraction in the air increases first,then decreases,and that the affected area will expand with the diameter and pressure,accordingly.
引文
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[2]STEPHENS M J,LEEWIS K,MOORE D K.A model for sizing high consequence areas associated with natural gas pipelines[C].20024th International Pipeline Conference,2002:759-767.
[3]梁梅芳.含硫天然气泄漏扩散的后果评估[J].油气田地面工程,2011,30(6):71-72.LIANG Meifang.Consequence assessment of leakage of sour gas[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2011,30(6):71-72.
[4]于洪喜,李振林,张建,等.高含硫天然气集输管道泄漏扩散数值模拟[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(2):119-122.YU Hongxi,LI Zhenlin,ZHANG Jian,et al.Numerical simulation of leakage and dispersion of acid gas in gathering pipeline[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Natural Science Edition,2008,32(2):119-122.
[5]蒋维楣.空气污染气象学[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2003:98-100.JIANG Weimei.Air pollution meteorology[M].Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,2003:98-100.
[6]谷清.大气环境模式计算方法[M].北京:气象出版社,2002:55-57.GU Qing.The calculation methods of environment model[M].Beijing:Meteorological Press,2002:55-57.
[7]HJ 2.2—2008,环境影响评价技术导则大气环境[S].HJ 2.2-2008,Guidelines for environmental impact assessment atmospheric environment[S].
[8]CRP 14E,Methods for the calculation of the physical effects of the escape of dangerous material[S].1989.
[9]李又绿,姚安林,李永杰.天然气管道泄漏扩散模型研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(8):102-104.LI Youlyu,YAO Anlin,LI Yongjie.Study on diffusion model of gas pipeline leaking[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(8):102-104.
[10]张燃,李建华,秦林.输气管道不同失效模式下的高后果区半径确定方法[J].油气田地面工程,2010,11(2):20-21.ZHANG Ran,LI Jianhua,QIN Lin.The determination method of the pipelines’high consequence area radius in different failure modes[J].Oil and Gas Field Surface Engineering,2010,11(2):20-21.